本文選題：半干旱草原 + 碳交換��； 參考：《南京信息工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文利用錫林浩特國家氣候觀象臺(tái)的渦度相關(guān)湍流資料、土壤溫濕度數(shù)據(jù)以及MODIS遙感數(shù)據(jù),分析了 2010～2012年錫林郭勒半干旱針茅草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的呼吸過程及關(guān)鍵氣候影響因子,比較了 4種不同的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)呼吸模型在該生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的適用性及敏感性系數(shù),在此基礎(chǔ)上討論了該生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生長季的凈碳交換(NEE)、呼吸作用(Reco)以及總初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力(GPP)的年際變化特征,最后驗(yàn)證了運(yùn)用增強(qiáng)植被指數(shù)(EVI)反演GPP的可靠性,并將其作為生物因子引入以改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有的呼吸模型。研究得到以下主要結(jié)論:(1)該半干旱區(qū)針茅草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的呼吸作用主要受到土壤溫度和土壤含水量的共同影響,其中土壤含水量是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)呼吸的重要限制因子。2010年和2011年生長季降水量偏少,呼吸速率表現(xiàn)出與土壤含水量相近的變化趨勢,土壤含水量的對其影響可分為三個(gè)區(qū)間來討論(12%、12%～20%和20%); 2012年降水充沛,呼吸速率與土壤溫度的變化趨勢更為相關(guān),且未出現(xiàn)隨土壤含水量的增加呼吸速率的變化趨勢出現(xiàn)分段的情況。(2)呼吸模型模擬結(jié)果及敏感性分析表明Q10模型表現(xiàn)優(yōu)于其他三種連乘模型,能夠解釋錫林郭勒半干旱呼吸作用的64% (R2=0.64)。Q10模型因?yàn)槠浜瘮?shù)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)越性和在高溫高濕度時(shí)對溫度敏感,低溫高濕時(shí)對含水量不敏感的特性,優(yōu)于其他三種連乘形式的呼吸模型。但基于土壤溫度和土壤含水量的呼吸模型無法反應(yīng)植被生長狀況對植被自養(yǎng)呼吸的影響,因此其對生態(tài)系統(tǒng)總呼吸的模擬能力存在一定局限。(3)使用Q10模型模擬的三年生長季的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)呼吸累積總量分別為157.32g C·m-2、138.75g gC·m-2 和 246.32g C·m—2。總初級(jí)生產(chǎn)力(GPP)累計(jì)總量分別為267.52 g C·m_2、207.57 g C·m—2和555.85 g C·m_2,凈碳交換速率分別為-110.28 g C·m-2, -68.79 g C·m-2, -310.05 g C·m_2,該草原生態(tài)系統(tǒng)在這三年生長季中均表現(xiàn)出較為顯著的碳匯功能。2010～2012年生長季中,土壤含水量的年際變化是影響該生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳交換的重要環(huán)境因子,干旱脅迫對光合作用的影響大于呼吸作用。(4)增強(qiáng)植被指數(shù)EVI可以較好地反映地表植被生長狀況,引入EVI指數(shù)作為生物因子對呼吸模型改進(jìn)后,連乘形式的呼吸模型和Q10模型的模擬結(jié)果均有顯著提升(R2提高約0.10),說明在呼吸模型中引入基于遙感數(shù)據(jù)的生物因子在區(qū)域尺度的呼吸過程碳交換評(píng)估中具有較好的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Based on the vorticity related turbulence data, soil temperature and humidity data and MODIS remote sensing data of the National Climate Observatory in Xilinhaote, this paper analyzed the respiration process and the key climatic factors of Cylingol semi-arid Stipa steppe ecosystem from 2010 to 2012. The applicability and sensitivity coefficient of four different ecosystem respiration models in the ecosystem were compared. On this basis, the interannual variation characteristics of net carbon exchange (GPP), respiration and total primary productivity (GPP) in the growing season of the ecosystem are discussed. Finally, the reliability of using enhanced vegetation index (EVI) to retrieve GPP is verified. It is introduced as a biological factor to improve the existing respiratory model. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) the respiration of Stipa chinensis grassland ecosystem in this semi-arid area is mainly affected by soil temperature and soil water content. Soil water content is an important limiting factor for ecosystem respiration. The precipitation in 2010 and 2011 growth seasons is relatively small, and the respiration rate shows a trend similar to that of soil water content. The effect of soil water content on soil water content can be divided into three sections to discuss 20% and 20% of soil moisture content. In 2012, the precipitation was abundant, and the respiration rate was more related to the change trend of soil temperature. And there was no segmentation of respiration rate with the increase of soil moisture content. The simulation results and sensitivity analysis of Q10 model showed that Q10 model was superior to the other three continuous multiplication models. The Q10 model, which can explain the semiarid respiration of Xilinguole, is superior to the other three multiple respiration models because of its superiority in function structure and its sensitivity to temperature at high temperature and humidity, and insensitivity to water content at low temperature and high humidity. However, the respiration model based on soil temperature and soil moisture could not reflect the effect of vegetation growth on autotrophic respiration. Therefore, its ability to simulate the total respiration of ecosystem is limited to some extent.) the cumulative total respiration of ecosystem in the three years growing season simulated by Q10 model is 157.32 g C m-2138.75 g GC m -2 and 246.32 g C m -2, respectively. The accumulative total amount of total primary productivity is 267.52 g C m m -2 and 555.85 g C m 2 respectively. The net carbon exchange rate is -110.28 g C m -2, -68.79 g C m -2, -310.05 g C m 2, respectively. During the growing season from 2010 to 2012, The interannual variation of soil water content is an important environmental factor affecting carbon exchange in the ecosystem. Drought stress has more effect on photosynthesis than respiration. The enhanced vegetation index (EVI) can better reflect the growth of surface vegetation. After introducing EVI index as a biological factor to improve the respiratory model, The simulation results of even multiplicative respiration model and Q10 model have significantly improved R2 by about 0.10, which indicates that the introduction of biological factors based on remote sensing data into the respiratory model has a good application value in the assessment of carbon exchange during respiration at regional scale.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S812

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