本文選題：貓 + 下泌尿道結(jié)石　； 參考：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：貓下泌尿道結(jié)石是貓常見的泌尿系統(tǒng)疾病之一,也是寵物貓中常見的營養(yǎng)代謝病,隨著人們生活水平的不斷提高,家庭寵物尤其是貓的飼養(yǎng)量迅速增加,寵物貓的健康問題也日益受到關(guān)注,由于不合理的喂養(yǎng),導(dǎo)致寵物貓的下泌尿道結(jié)石疾病有逐年遞增的趨勢,但目前仍缺乏對某地區(qū)貓下泌尿道結(jié)石系統(tǒng)性調(diào)查分析。為此,我們對南京市區(qū)貓下泌尿道結(jié)石的發(fā)病情況進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的調(diào)查,分析其流行病學(xué)特征,同時對泌尿道結(jié)石的顯微結(jié)構(gòu)和化學(xué)組成進(jìn)行分析,為臨床該病的防治提供一些有價值的科學(xué)依據(jù)。試驗一:南京市區(qū)貓下泌尿道結(jié)石的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查收集2011年1月1日至2014年12月31日期間南京市區(qū)5家具有代表性的寵物醫(yī)院確診為貓下泌尿道結(jié)石臨床病例資料進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析。結(jié)果表明:這4年中到5家寵物醫(yī)院就診的貓病例共12619例,確診為貓下泌尿道結(jié)石的臨床病例為448例,發(fā)病率為3.55%;其中公貓占324例,母貓占124例,公母比例約為2.61:1。公貓患下泌尿道結(jié)石的平均年齡為3.28±0.13歲,低于母貓的4.42±0.36歲,P0.01,差異顯著。公貓患下泌尿道結(jié)石的平均體重為5.05±0.67kg,高于母貓的4.37±0.12kg,P0.01,差異顯著。由此可見南京市區(qū)貓下泌尿道結(jié)石的發(fā)生與貓的性別、年齡及體重有關(guān)。試驗二:南京市區(qū)貓下泌尿道結(jié)石的顯微結(jié)構(gòu)與化學(xué)成分分析運(yùn)用化學(xué)定性、掃描電鏡觀察、X-射線能譜分析、傅里葉紅外光譜分析方法對南京市區(qū)5家具有代表性的寵物醫(yī)院確診為貓下泌尿道結(jié)石臨床病例收集到的36份尿結(jié)石樣本的顯微結(jié)構(gòu)和化學(xué)組成成分進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明:在36份尿結(jié)石樣品中,主要有兩種類型,分別為:磷酸銨鎂結(jié)石、草酸鈣結(jié)石。其中磷酸銨鎂結(jié)石占總樣本的69.44%(25/36),草酸鈣結(jié)石占22.22%(8/36),其它3份為混合型結(jié)石。還對所有結(jié)石樣品的顯微結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了觀察描述,對結(jié)石的形成原因作了簡要的討論。試驗三:貓下泌尿道結(jié)石典型臨床病例的診斷與治療在臨床上,根據(jù)患貓下泌尿道結(jié)石的不同病情,應(yīng)采取的不同治療方法。貓下泌尿結(jié)石不完全阻塞的病例可采取保守療法,貓膀胱結(jié)石的病例常采取膀胱切開取石術(shù),貓膀胱及尿道結(jié)石的病例可采取尿道造口術(shù)。
[Abstract]:Urethral calculus is one of the common diseases of urinary system in cats, and it is also a common nutritional metabolic disease in cats. With the improvement of people's living standard, the feeding quantity of family pets, especially cats, increases rapidly. The health problems of pet cats have been paid more and more attention. Due to unreasonable feeding, the lower urinary calculi of pet cats are increasing year by year, but there is still a lack of systematic investigation and analysis of cats' lower urinary calculi in a certain area. Therefore, we made a systematic investigation on the incidence of urinary calculi in cats in Nanjing urban area, analyzed their epidemiological characteristics, and analyzed the microstructure and chemical composition of urethral calculi. To provide some valuable scientific basis for clinical prevention and treatment of the disease. Study 1: epidemiological investigation of urinary calculi in cats in Nanjing City from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2014, 5 representative pet hospitals in Nanjing City were diagnosed with urethrolithiasis in cats. The data were analyzed statistically. The results showed that there were 12619 cat cases in 5 pet hospitals in the last four years, and 448 cases were diagnosed as lower urinary calculi in cats, the incidence rate was 3.555.324 cases were male cats, 124 cases were female cats, and the ratio of male and female was about 2.61: 1. The mean age of urinary calculi in male cats was 3.28 鹵0.13 years old, which was significantly lower than that in female cats (4.42 鹵0.36 years old, P 0.01). The average body weight of urinary calculi in male cats was 5.05 鹵0.67 kg, which was higher than that in female cats (4.37 鹵0.12 kg, P 0.01). It can be seen that the occurrence of urinary calculi in cats in Nanjing is related to their sex, age and weight. Experiment 2: microstructure and chemical composition analysis of urethral stones in cats in Nanjing City. X-ray energy spectrum analysis was performed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), using chemical qualitative analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the microstructure and chemical composition of 36 urinary stone samples collected from 5 representative pet hospitals in Nanjing. The results showed that there were two main types of urinary calculi in 36 samples: magnesium ammonium phosphate stone and calcium oxalate stone. Magnesium ammonium phosphate stones accounted for 25 / 36 of the total samples, calcium oxalate stones accounted for 22.22 / 86 / 36, and the other 3 were mixed calculi. The microstructure of all stone samples was also observed and the causes of stone formation were briefly discussed. Test three: the diagnosis and treatment of typical clinical cases of urethral calculi in cats, according to the different conditions of urethral calculi in cats, different treatment methods should be taken. Conservative therapy can be used in patients with incomplete obstruction of urinary calculi in cats, cystolithotomy is often used in cases of urinary calculi in cats, urethrostomy is used in cases of urethrolithiasis in cats.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S858.293

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本文編號：1928506