本文選題：伊犁馬 + 鈣��； 參考：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)旨在研究飼喂不同鈣磷水平日糧對(duì)伊犁馬妊娠后期營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率,妊娠后期和分娩后母馬體重、血液生化指標(biāo)、初乳成分及初生馬駒體重的影響,來探討伊犁馬在妊娠后期對(duì)礦物質(zhì)鈣磷的適宜需要量,為確定伊犁馬妊娠后期日糧中適宜鈣磷需要量提供理論參考依據(jù)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)采用單因子隨機(jī)區(qū)組設(shè)計(jì)的方法來研究不同鈣磷水平日糧對(duì)伊犁馬妊娠后期、分娩后體重、血液生化指標(biāo)、初乳成分、脂肪酸種類組成成分及初生馬駒體重等的影響,來獲得伊犁馬妊娠后期適宜鈣磷的需要量。本試驗(yàn)選取的伊犁馬的年齡為11-12周歲,胎次為4-5胎,體重為380±32 kg的伊犁馬25匹,隨機(jī)分為5個(gè)試驗(yàn)組,每組5個(gè)重復(fù)。母馬采取分欄單獨(dú)飼養(yǎng)模式,日糧1組至日糧5組的鈣(Ca)和(P)的日飼喂量分別為,第1組(36.0 g/d,26.3 g/d)、第2組(39.0 g/d,28.3g/d)、第3組(42.0 g/d,30.3 g/d)、第4組(45.0 g/d,32.3 g/d)、第5組(48.0 g/d,34.3 g/d),試驗(yàn)期為30天。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:飼喂不同鈣磷水平日糧對(duì)妊娠后期伊犁馬有機(jī)物、中性洗滌纖維、總能的采食量、排泄量、消化量和表觀消化率的影響差異不顯著,磷的表觀消化率差異不顯著,鈣的消化率差異顯著(P0.05);飼喂第2組日糧,有助于維持母馬分娩前產(chǎn)后的體重,初生馬駒最優(yōu)的體重、體尺產(chǎn)自于伊犁母馬妊娠后期飼喂1、2組日糧的母馬;從初乳中乳成分和脂肪酸的組成成分、種類來看,最優(yōu)質(zhì)量的初乳產(chǎn)自飼喂第1、2組鈣磷水平日糧的伊犁馬;飼喂第2組日糧的馬血液中垂體催乳素(PRL)的含量最大(P0.05),超過此鈣水平時(shí)垂體催乳素(PRL)的含量不斷降低;飼喂第3組日糧,馬分娩后血液中E1、E2的含量最低(P0.05),隨后又隨日糧鈣磷水平的增大有不同程度的上升但未呈現(xiàn)規(guī)律性的變化;飼喂第3組日糧,妊娠后期馬血液中孕酮(P)的含量較高有助于促進(jìn)母馬乳腺的發(fā)育,飼喂1組日糧,分娩后馬血液中孕酮(P)含量低,有助于初乳的分泌。血鈣含量隨著日糧中鈣磷水平的不斷增大而顯著降低(P0.05),產(chǎn)后血磷各試驗(yàn)組間差異不顯著;飼喂1、2、3、4組日糧對(duì)伊犁馬分娩前后脂代謝和蛋白質(zhì)代謝的影響不顯著,第2、3、4日糧有利于母馬脂代謝和氮代謝;飼喂2組日糧馬血中生長激素(GH)的含量較高。本試驗(yàn)通過飼喂不同鈣磷水平日糧對(duì)伊犁馬妊娠后期營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)表觀消化率和分娩前后母馬體重、血液生化指標(biāo)、初乳組成成分以及初生馬駒體重等指標(biāo)產(chǎn)生的影響進(jìn)行研究分析總結(jié),得出以下結(jié)論:400 kg體重伊犁馬妊娠后期鈣和磷的適宜需要量分別為:39.0 g/d、28.3g/d。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different dietary calcium and phosphorus levels on apparent digestibility of nutrients, body weight, blood biochemical index, colostrum composition and foal weight of Yili horse in late pregnancy and postpartum. To study the suitable requirement of mineral calcium and phosphorus in the later stage of pregnancy of Yili horse, and to provide the theoretical reference for determining the appropriate calcium and phosphorus requirement in the diet of Yili horse during the later period of pregnancy. A single factor randomized block design was used to study the effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus levels on body weight, blood biochemical index, colostrum composition, fatty acid composition and foal weight of Yili horse in late pregnancy and postpartum. To obtain the appropriate calcium and phosphorus requirements in the late pregnancy of Yili horse. 25 Yili horses, aged 11 to 12 years old, with 4 to 5 births and 380 鹵32 kg weight, were randomly divided into 5 test groups with 5 replicates in each group. Mares were fed separately, and the daily feeding rates of diet 1 to diet 5 were 36.0 g / d 26.3 g / d, 39.0 g / d 28.3 g / d, 42.0 g / d 30.3 g / d, 45.0 g / d ~ 32.3 g / d, and 48.0 g / d ~ 34.3 g / d / d, respectively. The trial period was 30 days. The results showed that there was no significant difference in total energy intake, excretion, digestibility and apparent digestibility of Yili horse with different calcium and phosphorus levels. The apparent digestibility of phosphorus was not significantly different, but the difference of calcium digestibility was significant (P 0.05). Feeding the second group of diets was helpful to maintain the weight of the mare before and after delivery, and the optimum body weight of the newborn foal. The milk composition and fatty acid composition in colostrum were the best quality colostrum from Yili horse fed with the first and second group calcium and phosphorus level diet; the milk size was produced in the late pregnancy period of Yili Mares, and the composition of milk and fatty acids in colostrum was obtained from Yili horse fed with the first and second group of calcium and phosphorus level diets. The content of pituitary prolactin (PRLL) in the blood of the horses fed the second diet was the highest (P0.05N), and the content of PRLL was decreased when the calcium level was higher than that of the control group, and the third group was fed with the third diet. After parturition, the content of E _ (1) E _ (2) in the blood of horses was the lowest (P _ (0.05), then increased to some extent with the increase of dietary calcium and phosphorus levels, but did not change regularly. The high content of progesterone (P) was helpful to promote the development of mammary gland in the later period of pregnancy. The lower content of progesterone (P) in the blood of the horse after delivery was helpful to the secretion of colostrum. The blood calcium content decreased significantly with the increase of dietary calcium and phosphorus levels, but there was no significant difference among the experimental groups, and the effect of feeding 1, 2 and 3 + 3 + 4 diets on lipid metabolism and protein metabolism of Yili horse before and after parturition was not significant. Diet No. 2 ~ (3 +) was beneficial to lipid metabolism and nitrogen metabolism in mares, and the growth hormone (GH) content in blood of the two groups was higher than that of the control group. In this experiment, the apparent digestibility of nutrients, body weight and blood biochemical indexes of the horses before and after delivery were studied by feeding diets with different calcium and phosphorus levels. The effects of the composition of colostrum and the body weight of the newborn colt were analyzed and summarized. The following conclusions were drawn: the optimum requirement of calcium and phosphorus in the late pregnancy stage of Ili horse with a weight of 1 400 kg was 39.0 g / d ~ (28. 3 g / d), respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S821.83

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