本文選題：沙門菌 + 血清型��； 參考：《揚州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：沙門菌能廣泛感染包括人在內(nèi)的多種動物,是現(xiàn)在具有重要公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)意義的人畜共患病病原之一。人能夠通過食入沙門菌污染的食品感染沙門菌。沙門菌曾在國內(nèi)外多次引起重大食物中毒事件。在中國,豬肉長期占據(jù)肉類消費第一位,因此,豬沙門菌的研究對養(yǎng)豬業(yè)和食品安全具有十分重要的意義。本研究旨在調(diào)查部分地區(qū)豬沙門菌的攜帶及致病情況,為大規(guī)模的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查提供資料。本文共涉及2014年從揚州某屠宰場和揚州大學(xué)動物醫(yī)院共采集樣品527份,分離出沙門菌42株。所有分離株生化試驗結(jié)果顯示均符合沙門菌的生化特性,但多數(shù)分離株(24/42)與丙二酸鹽呈陽性反應(yīng),不符合典型的沙門菌生化反應(yīng)；并有少數(shù)分離株不產(chǎn)硫化氫,賴氨酸脫羧酶試驗結(jié)果陰性,生化反應(yīng)結(jié)果典型的沙門菌分離株僅占19.05%(8/42),顯示出本次實驗分離株與常見致病性菌株在生化特性方面的差異。所有分離株進(jìn)行血清型鑒定,共有28株分離株能夠根據(jù)抗原式確定菌名,其中比例最高的是列克星敦沙門菌(52.38%),其抗原式為10:Z10：1,5,其次為僅測出O抗原為02的分離株,共10株(23.81%),其余血清型的分離株為單個或兩個的散在分布。所有分離株中常見的對豬致病的沙門菌僅有鼠傷寒沙門菌一株,其余分離株在一般情況下均為在健康豬體內(nèi)攜帶但不致病,部分菌株可對其他宿主致病。根據(jù)對細(xì)菌類型和不同類別抗菌藥和臨床用藥情況選擇了羧芐西林、阿莫西林、頭孢唑林、頭孢噻肟、痢特靈、卡那霉素、慶大霉素、鏈霉素、丁胺卡那霉素、四環(huán)素、復(fù)方新諾明、環(huán)丙沙星、恩諾沙星、萘啶酸、氯霉素、多粘菌素B、氟苯尼考、氨芐青霉素、先鋒Ⅳ、左旋氧氟沙星等20種抗生素的藥敏試驗,這些抗生素均是針對革蘭氏陰性菌的藥物。結(jié)果顯示,分離株的耐藥情況非常普遍,在所選擇的抗生素中,共有14種的抗菌藥耐藥率在50%以上,其中對氨芐青霉素抗性為100%,對四環(huán)素和復(fù)方新諾明的耐藥率也達(dá)到90%以上,并且分離株表現(xiàn)出來的耐藥表型與國內(nèi)外相關(guān)報道一致。同時,絕大多數(shù)分離株(39/42)還表現(xiàn)出多重耐藥性,最高可達(dá)14重耐藥,其中13重耐藥最多,占52.38%(22/42),10重以上耐藥率達(dá)到73.81%(31/42),分離株的耐藥情況非常嚴(yán)重。針對所有分離株進(jìn)行遺傳相關(guān)性和致病性的研究,首先確定相同抗原式的不同分離株的遺傳相關(guān)性。通過對分離株進(jìn)行其毒力島的核心蛋白基因擴(kuò)增和脈沖場凝膠電泳,發(fā)現(xiàn)相同抗原式的不同分離株,其毒力島分布完全相同,PFGE條帶相似度在95%以上,表明相同血清型不同分離株之間同源性高,其生物學(xué)特性及致病性一致,可用單個分離株代表同種血清型的分離株,可取代各血清型代表菌株作為致病性實驗的受試菌株。選取有代表性的分離株以108CFU的劑量腹腔注射攻毒6-8周齡昆明系小鼠,結(jié)果只有鼠傷寒分離株攻毒小鼠出現(xiàn)死亡,其余分離株攻毒后均未表現(xiàn)出對小鼠的致死性。通過LDso的測定和細(xì)菌體內(nèi)動態(tài)分布實驗,比較鼠傷寒沙門菌分離株與豬霍亂沙門菌標(biāo)準(zhǔn)株的致病性差別,發(fā)現(xiàn)鼠傷寒沙門菌的致死劑量較豬霍亂沙門菌高近200倍,但是細(xì)菌進(jìn)入小鼠體內(nèi)后增殖和轉(zhuǎn)移速度遠(yuǎn)比豬霍亂沙門菌標(biāo)準(zhǔn)株快,在進(jìn)入體內(nèi)的6h即可達(dá)到高峰,之后逐漸降低。鼠傷寒沙門菌分離株能夠?qū)е滦∈笤诠ザ竞笠恢軆?nèi)急性死亡,但病程短,耐過小鼠表現(xiàn)正常。豬霍亂標(biāo)準(zhǔn)株致病性高但致死速度慢,病程長,耐過小鼠仍可長期帶菌,攻毒后一個月在腸道及糞便內(nèi)仍可檢測到攻毒細(xì)菌存在,有繼續(xù)傳播的風(fēng)險。
[Abstract]:Salmonella can infect a wide variety of animals including human beings. It is one of the pathogenic zoonosis pathogens of important public health. People can infect Salmonella through food that is contaminated by Salmonella. Salmonella has caused major food poisoning incidents both at home and abroad. In China, pork has long occupied the first meat consumption. Therefore, the study of Salmonella porcine is of great significance to the pig industry and food safety. The purpose of this study was to investigate the portability and pathogenicity of Salmonella in some areas, and to provide information for a large epidemiological survey. A total of 527 samples were collected from a slaughterhouse in Yangzhou and the animal hospital of Yangzhou University in 2014. 42 strains of Salmonella were produced. All the biochemical test results showed that all the isolates were in accordance with the biochemical characteristics of Salmonella, but most of the isolates (24/42) were positive with malonate, and did not conform to the typical biochemical reaction of Salmonella. The isolates accounted for only 19.05% (8/42), showing the differences in biochemical characteristics of the isolated and common pathogenic strains. All the isolates were serotype identification. A total of 28 isolates were able to determine the bacterial name according to the antigen type. The highest proportion was Lexington serobacteria (52.38%), its antigen was 10:Z10:1,5, and the next was only the only one. A total of 10 strains (23.81%) were detected with O antigen 02. The remaining serotype isolates were single or two scattered. The only Salmonella Salmonella isolated from all the isolates was the only Salmonella typhimurium. The remaining isolates were generally carried in healthy pigs but not pathogenic, and some strains could be used in other hosts. Selection of carboxybenzillin, amoxicillin, cefazoxixime, cefotaxime, timoxime, gentamicin, gentamicin, streptomycin, amikanamycin, tetracycline, compound neoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, nalofloxacin, chloramphenicine, polymyxin B, florfenicol, The drug sensitivity tests of ampicillin, vanguard IV, levofloxacin and other 20 kinds of antibiotics were all drugs against Gram-negative bacteria. The results showed that the drug resistance of the isolated strains was very common. Among the selected antibiotics, 14 kinds of antibiotics were more than 50%, of which the resistance to ampicillin was 100% and four. The resistance rate of cyclin and compound novomine reached more than 90%, and the resistance phenotype of the isolated strains was consistent with the related reports at home and abroad. At the same time, most of the isolates (39/42) also showed multiple resistance, up to 14 heavy resistance, of which 13 were most resistant, 52.38% (22/42), and 10 more than 73.81% (31/42). The drug resistance of isolated strains is very serious. In the study of genetic correlation and pathogenicity of all the isolates, the genetic correlation of the different isolates of the same antigen is determined first. By amplification of the core protein gene of the isolates and the pulse field gel electrophoresis of the isolates, the virulence of the different isolates of the same antigens is found. The island distribution is exactly the same. The similarity of PFGE strip is above 95%. It shows that the homology of the same serotype is high, its biological characteristics and pathogenicity are consistent. Single isolates can be used to represent the homologous serotype isolate, and the representative strains of the serotypes can be substituted as the tested strains of the pathogenicity test. 6-8 weeks old Kunming mice were attacked by intraperitoneal injection at the dose of 108CFU. The result was that only the isolated strains of typhus were killed, and the other isolated strains were not lethal to mice after attack. By the determination of LDso and the dynamic distribution of bacteria in the bacteria, the standard strain of Salmonella typhimurium was compared with the standard strain of swine cholera Salmonella. It was found that the lethal dose of Salmonella typhimurium was nearly 200 times higher than that of swine cholera Salmonella, but the proliferation and metastasis rate of Salmonella typhimurium was much faster than that of the standard strain of Salmonella cholerae in mice. The 6h could reach the peak in the body and then gradually decrease. The isolated Salmonella typhimurium strain could cause the mice to attack the virus after attack. Acute death in the week, but the course of the disease is short, the resistance to mice is normal. The pig cholera standard strain has high pathogenicity but a slow death rate, long disease course, and the mice can still carry the bacteria for a long time. In the first month after attack, the infection bacteria can still be detected in the intestines and feces, and there is a risk of continued spread.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S852.61

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 余幗華;;原型沙門菌菌苗的研制[J];國外醫(yī)學(xué).預(yù)防.診斷.治療用生物制品分冊;1988年02期

2 李秀娟;白萍;高偉利;李麗婕;徐保紅;田會芳;;短片段基因序列測定檢測沙門菌[J];現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2010年20期

3 趙雪濤,陳軍,劉志勇;熒光定量PCR方法在沙門菌鑒定中的應(yīng)用[J];上海預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2005年02期

4 孫玉嶺;吳斌;秦成;陳明生;;食品中沙門菌培養(yǎng)條件的研究[J];中國微生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2006年01期

5 李弘;邢小秋;劉亞琴;;沙門菌誘導(dǎo)小鼠腫瘤壞死因子的實驗研究[J];中國傷殘醫(yī)學(xué);2012年09期

6 梅玲玲;羅蕓;葉菊蓮;朱敏;張俊彥;潘軍航;龔璞;楊婷婷;;浙江省209株沙門菌PFGE指紋圖譜研究[J];中國衛(wèi)生檢驗雜志;2009年11期

7 葉穎;邱橋成;李Z腦，

本文編號：1920369