本文選題：犬 + 乳腺腫瘤　； 參考：《貴州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：乳腺腫瘤是犬常見的腫瘤之一,其高病發(fā)率和高死亡率嚴(yán)重危害著犬的身體健康,盡管近年來對(duì)犬乳腺腫瘤的防治方案不斷改進(jìn)完善,但治愈率并沒有得到明顯提高,究其原因主要是由于該病臨床就診時(shí)多已是中晚期,因此能否提高早期診斷對(duì)該病治療有著重要意義。犬作為人類伴侶動(dòng)物,其乳腺腫瘤的發(fā)生對(duì)于研究人類乳腺腫瘤具有一定的參考價(jià)值,本實(shí)驗(yàn)以犬乳腺腫瘤為研究對(duì)象,開展了犬乳腺腫瘤診斷及相關(guān)預(yù)測因子檢測分析的研究。1.犬乳腺腫瘤臨床病例調(diào)查分析:調(diào)查患犬病史資料、觀察臨床癥狀和詳細(xì)記錄診療的過程,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析發(fā)病犬的品種、性別、年齡、生育狀況、飲食、發(fā)病部位等因素與發(fā)病幾率的關(guān)系。結(jié)果顯示:犬乳腺腫瘤常見于雜交犬、京巴犬及西施犬,多發(fā)于母犬,發(fā)病平均年齡為9歲,且以未進(jìn)行絕育手術(shù)、平時(shí)飼喂高能量食物的犬發(fā)生乳腺腫瘤幾率較高,發(fā)病部位從胸部到腹部呈遞增趨勢,且在第3、4、5對(duì)乳頭發(fā)病率較高。2.乳腺腫瘤病理組織學(xué)研究:取手術(shù)摘除的犬乳腺腫瘤置于福爾馬林溶液中,運(yùn)用病理組織學(xué)方法,制作病理切片于光學(xué)顯微鏡下觀察,結(jié)果顯示:犬惡性腫瘤發(fā)病率較高,20例患犬中14例為惡性腫瘤,占總?cè)橄倌[瘤的70%,主要有癌肉瘤、浸潤性導(dǎo)管癌、乳腺小葉原位癌、單純癌和腺癌。良性腫瘤病例有6例,占總?cè)橄倌[瘤的30%,主要為有導(dǎo)管內(nèi)乳頭狀瘤和纖維性病。3.犬乳腺腫瘤ER、PR和c-erbB-2檢測:取置于多聚甲醛溶液中的組織樣本,采用免疫組織化學(xué)方法檢測雌激素受體、孕激素受體及表皮生長因子受體的表達(dá)情況,結(jié)果顯示:ER、PR在良性腫瘤中的陽性表達(dá)率均高于惡性腫瘤,c-erbB-2陽性表達(dá)檢測中,惡性腫瘤的陽性表達(dá)率要高于良性腫瘤。本實(shí)驗(yàn)研究證明犬類乳腺腫瘤也可能存在類似于人類乳腺腫瘤中“三陰乳腺癌”的發(fā)生機(jī)理,根據(jù)犬乳腺腫瘤及其相關(guān)因子檢測結(jié)果更進(jìn)一步說明犬對(duì)人類乳腺腫瘤病理研究具有重要參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Breast tumor is one of the most common tumors in dogs. Its high incidence rate and high mortality rate seriously endanger the health of dogs. Although the prevention and treatment of canine breast tumors has been improved and improved in recent years, the cure rate has not been significantly improved. The main reason is that the diagnosis of the disease is of great significance to the treatment of the disease. As a companion of human beings, the occurrence of mammary gland tumors in dogs has a certain reference value for the study of human breast tumors. The diagnosis of canine mammary neoplasms and the detection and analysis of related predictors were studied. 1. Investigation and analysis of clinical cases of canine breast neoplasms: the history of canine disease was investigated, the clinical symptoms and the process of diagnosis and treatment were observed, and the breeds, sex, age, fertility status, diet of the affected dogs were statistically analyzed. The relationship between the location of the disease and the incidence of the disease. The results showed that breast neoplasms were common in hybrid dogs, Jingba dogs and Xi Shi dogs, and mostly in female dogs. The average age of the disease was 9 years old. The incidence of nipples increased from chest to abdomen, and the incidence of nipples was higher in the 3rd 5th tit. Histopathological study of Breast tumor: the canine breast tumor was removed and placed in formalin solution. The pathological sections were made by using histopathological method and observed under optical microscope. The results showed that the incidence of malignant tumors in dogs was higher. 14 of the 20 cases were malignant tumors, accounting for 70% of the total breast tumors, including carcinosarcoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, breast lobule carcinoma in situ, simple carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. There were 6 cases of benign tumors, accounting for 30% of the total breast tumors, mainly intraductal papilloma and fibrous venereal diseases. Detection of ERP PR and c-erbB-2 in canine breast neoplasms: the expressions of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor were detected by immunohistochemical method. The results showed that the positive expression rate of PR in benign tumors was higher than that of c-erbB-2 in malignant tumors, and the positive expression rate in malignant tumors was higher than that in benign tumors. This study has proved that the mechanism of "three yin breast cancer" in human breast cancer may also exist in canine breast tumors. According to the detection results of canine mammary neoplasms and its related factors, it is further proved that dogs have important reference value for the study of human breast neoplasms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S858.292

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