本文選題：β-胡蘿卜素 + 飼料形態(tài)�。� 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：β-胡蘿卜素在自然界的有色植物中普遍存在,并作為體內(nèi)維生素A的重要來源,研究證明其具有抗氧化、增強(qiáng)動(dòng)物繁殖性能和提高機(jī)體免疫力等功能。但β-胡蘿卜素在日常使用中不易保存,極易在儲存過程中被氧化。本研究通過飼料添加天然β-胡蘿卜素(來源于生產(chǎn)胡蘿卜汁的副產(chǎn)物胡蘿卜渣)制成兩種料型的飼料(顆粒料3.0粉碎和粉料3.0篩孔粉碎)進(jìn)行后備期海蘭褐蛋雞飼喂試驗(yàn),研究不同料型和添加β-胡蘿卜素的處理,對海蘭褐蛋雞生產(chǎn)性能、血液免疫功能、抗氧化功能以及腸道粘膜免疫功能的影響,明確β-胡蘿卜素作為功能性飼料添加劑,在促進(jìn)海蘭褐蛋雞生長及腸道發(fā)育方面的作用,為其作為飼料添加劑在生產(chǎn)中具體應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)和實(shí)踐數(shù)據(jù)。本試驗(yàn)選用21日齡海蘭褐蛋雞240只,隨機(jī)分為4組,分別為基礎(chǔ)日糧顆粒料組、基礎(chǔ)日糧粉料組、添加胡蘿卜素顆粒料組和胡蘿卜素粉料組,每組6個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)10只雞。試驗(yàn)期為5周(3~8周齡)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:在生長性能上,后備期蛋雞顆粒料組的增重指標(biāo)顯著高于粉料組(P0.05)。添加胡蘿卜素的對比試驗(yàn)組的體重指標(biāo)也呈現(xiàn)顆粒料顯著高于粉料組(P0.05),其他指標(biāo)差異不明顯。提示這個(gè)時(shí)期的飼料加工形態(tài),影響蛋雞的體重增長。從血清免疫指標(biāo)、抗氧化指標(biāo)比較顯示:8周齡時(shí),顆粒料在血清中MDA含量的指標(biāo)顯著高于粉料組(P0.05)。添加β-胡蘿卜素的顆粒料與粉料組在血清IgA、MDA含量的指標(biāo)顯著高于不添加組(P0.05)。但對血清IgG、IgM無顯著性差異(P0.05),對血清中GSH-PX、T-SOD、T-AOC也均無顯著性差異(P0.05)。從8周齡時(shí)腸道發(fā)育指標(biāo)和腸道長度指標(biāo)比較顯示,顆粒料在腸道長度的指標(biāo)顯著高于粉料組(P0.05)。添加β-胡蘿卜素的顆粒料和粉料在十二指腸絨毛高度、空腸絨毛高度都顯著高于空白對照組(P0.05);十二指腸中IgA+細(xì)胞表達(dá)率和分布量顯著提高(P0.05),但在回腸絨毛高度、小腸各段隱窩深度、絨腺比等指標(biāo)上無顯著性差異(P0.05)。綜上所述,在后備期海蘭褐蛋雞的腸道發(fā)育研究發(fā)現(xiàn),顆粒料優(yōu)于粉料利于腸道的生長發(fā)育;β-胡蘿卜素可以從改善腸道發(fā)育,提高腸道免疫能力等方面,發(fā)揮促進(jìn)蛋雛雞的生長作用。我們的研究可以為蛋雛雞健康養(yǎng)殖的生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐提供試驗(yàn)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As an important source of vitamin A in vivo, 尾 -carotene is widely found in colored plants in nature. It has been proved that 尾 -carotene has the functions of anti-oxidation, enhancing animal reproductive performance and enhancing body immunity. However, 尾-carotene is difficult to preserve in daily use and is easily oxidized during storage. In this study, two kinds of feed (particle 3.0 crushing and powder 3.0 sieve hole grinding) were prepared by adding natural 尾 -carotene (carrot dregs, a by-product of Fresh Carrot Juice production) to feed Hailan Brown laying hens in reserve period. The effects of different feed types and 尾 -carotene on production performance, blood immune function, antioxidant function and intestinal mucosal immune function of Hailan brown laying hens were studied. 尾 -carotene was used as functional feed additive. It can promote the growth and intestinal development of Hailan brown laying hens and provide theoretical basis and practical data for its application as feed additive in production. 240 21-day-old Hailan brown laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups: basal diet pellet group, basal diet powder group, carotene granule group and carotene powder group, 6 replicates in each group, and 10 chickens in each group. The experiment period was 5 weeks and 8 weeks old. The results showed that the weight gain index of egg pellet group in reserve stage was significantly higher than that of powder group P0.05 in growth performance. The body weight index of the control group with carotene was significantly higher than that of the powder group (P 0.05), but there was no significant difference in other indexes. It was suggested that the feed processing pattern in this period affected the weight gain of laying hens. The comparison of serum immunological index and antioxidant index showed that the content of MDA in serum was significantly higher than that in powder group at the age of 8 weeks. The content of MDA in serum of granule and powder supplemented with 尾 -carotene group was significantly higher than that of non-additive group (P 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in serum IgGN IgM and GSH-PXX T-SODX T-AOC in serum (P 0.05). From the comparison of intestinal development index and intestinal length index at 8 weeks of age, it was found that the index of pellet grain length in intestinal tract was significantly higher than that in powder group (P 0.05). The height of duodenal villi and jejunum villi of pellets and powder supplemented with 尾 -carotene were significantly higher than those of control group (P 0.05), while the expression and distribution of IgA cells in duodenum were significantly higher than those in control group (P 0.05), but in the villi of ileum, the expression rate and distribution of 尾 -carotene in duodenum were significantly higher than those in control group. There was no significant difference in the depth of recess and the ratio of chorion gland in the small intestine (P 0.05). To sum up, in the study of intestinal development of Hailan brown laying hens in reserve period, it was found that granules were better than powder in intestinal growth and development, and beta-carotene could improve intestinal development and improve intestinal immune ability, etc. Play a role in promoting the growth of egg chicks. Our research can provide experimental basis for healthy breeding practice of egg chicks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S831.5

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本文編號：1898246