本文選題：過瘤胃蛋氨酸 + 過瘤胃賴氨酸　； 參考：《黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究通過在荷斯坦奶公牛日糧中添加不同水平的過瘤胃賴氨酸（RPLys）、蛋氨酸（RPMet），研究其對奶公牛生長性能和胴體品質(zhì)的影響。 試驗(yàn)采用單因素隨機(jī)設(shè)計，選擇13月齡左右、體重和體尺相近、健康的荷斯坦奶公牛25頭，平均分為5組，每組5頭。其中1組為對照組飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧，另外3組分別在基礎(chǔ)日糧中分別添加RPMet15g/d、RPLys30g/d、RPMet15g+RPLys30g/d。第5組在低蛋白日糧中添加RPMet15g+RPLys30g/d，用“RPLys+RPMet(L)”代表。試驗(yàn)預(yù)試期10天，，試驗(yàn)期為150天。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：（1）各試驗(yàn)組奶公牛體重、日增重、料重比顯著高于對照組（P＜0.05）。其中，RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組的末重和料重比顯著高于對照組、RPLys組和RPMet組（P＜0.05），但二者之間差異并不顯著（P＞0.05）。（2）過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸對荷斯坦奶公牛胸圍有顯著影響（P＜0.05），對體高、體斜長則無顯著影響（P＞0.05）。而RPLys+RPMet(L)組、RPLys+RPMet組的胸圍顯著高于對照組（P＜0.05），分別增長了9.16cm和9.14cm。（3）過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸對荷斯坦奶公牛的凈肉重、凈肉率、胴體產(chǎn)肉率和肉骨比均有顯著影響（P＜0.05），RPLys組、RPLys+RPMet(L)組與RPLys+RPMet組凈肉重顯著高于RPMet組與對照組（P＜0.05）。RPLys組屠宰率最高，為47.70%，顯著高于對照組（P＜0.05）。對照組肉骨比最低，與RPMet組差異不顯著（P＞0.05），顯著低于其余3組（P＜0.05）。而3組間差異不顯著（P＞0.05）。（4）過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸對荷斯坦奶公牛眼肌面積、剪切力、熟肉率、大理石花紋、pH值和肉色均無顯著影響（P＞0.05）。（5）過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸對荷斯坦奶公牛肌肉粗蛋白含量有顯著影響（P＜0.05）。RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組肌肉中粗蛋白含量最高，顯著高于RPMet組、RPLys組和對照組（P＜0.05），但二者間差異不顯著（P＞0.05）。（6）過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸對荷斯坦奶公牛肉中蘇氨酸、亮氨酸、天冬氨酸、絲氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、胱氨酸、酪氨酸、脯氨酸的含量有顯著影響（P＜0.05），對總氨基酸含量也有顯著影響（P＜0.05）。必須氨基酸中RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組的蘇氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸顯著高于其余組（P＜0.05），RPLys+RPMet組異亮氨酸顯著高于其余組（P＜0.05）。RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組的天冬氨酸、甘氨酸和谷氨酸均顯著高于其余各組（P＜0.05）。除此之外，其余非必須氨基酸除酪氨酸外，RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組也顯著高于其余各組（P＜0.05）。RPLys+RPMet組和RPMet組酪氨酸含量顯著高于其余各組（P＞0.05）。氨基酸總含量，RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組顯著高于其余各組（P＜0.05）（7）過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸對荷斯坦奶公牛肉脂肪酸成分均無顯著影響（P＞0.05）。（8）普通日糧日投入成本為11.55元，在普通日糧中添加RPLys+RPMet組日投入成本為14.25元，而在低蛋白日糧中添加RPLys+RPMet日投入成本為12.97元，比RPLys+RPMet組降低了1.28元。以當(dāng)時肉牛市場價16元/kg計算，對照組RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組的養(yǎng)殖效益分別為5.09、7.35和7.67元/日·頭。RPLys+RPMet組和RPLys+RPMet(L)組養(yǎng)殖效益均高于對照組，而RPLys+RPMet(L)組養(yǎng)殖效益則高于RPLys+RPMet組，高出0.32元/日·頭。 以上試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，在荷斯坦奶公牛日糧中添加過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸可有效提高其生長性能和屠宰指標(biāo)，改善其牛肉氨基酸成分，但對牛肉品質(zhì)和脂肪酸含量無顯著影響。本試驗(yàn)證明，在荷斯坦奶公牛日糧中同時添加過瘤胃蛋氨酸、賴氨酸能夠提高奶公牛生長性能和胴體品質(zhì)，且效果好于單獨(dú)添加過瘤胃賴氨酸或過瘤胃蛋氨酸，并能在一定程度上替代傳統(tǒng)蛋白質(zhì)飼料，降低飼養(yǎng)成本，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of RPLys and methionine (RPMet) on the growth performance and carcass quality of Holstein dairy cattle were studied by adding different levels of rumen lysine (RPLys) and methionine (methionine).
The single factor random design was used to choose about 13 month old, and the weight and body scale were similar. The healthy Holstein milk bull 25 heads were divided into 5 groups, with 5 heads in each group. Among the 1 groups, the basal diet was fed, and the other 3 groups added RPMet15g/d, RPLys30g/d and RPMet15g+RPLys30g/d. fifth to the low protein diet respectively in the basal diet. Plus RPMet15g+RPLys30g/d, with the "RPLys+RPMet (L)" representative. The test period was 10 days and the test period was 150 days. The test results showed that: (1) the weight of milk bulls, daily weight gain and material weight ratio of each test group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). The end weight and material weight ratio of RPLys+RPMet group and RPLys+RPMet (L) group were significantly higher than those of the control group, RPLys and RPMet groups. (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two (2) (2) rumen methionine, lysine had a significant effect on the chest circumference of Holstein milk bulls (P < 0.05), and there was no significant effect on body height and body length (P > 0.05). In group RPLys+RPMet (L), the chest circumference of the RPLys+RPMet group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05), and increased 9.16cm and 9.14cm. (3), respectively. On rumen methionine, lysine had significant effect on the net meat weight, net meat rate, carcass meat yield and bone ratio in Holstein milk bulls (P < 0.05). Group RPLys, RPLys+RPMet (L) and RPLys+RPMet group were significantly higher than those in the RPMet group and the control group (P < 0.05) with the highest slaughter rate of 47.70%, which was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.05). The control group was significantly higher than the control group. The meat bone ratio was the lowest (P > 0.05), significantly lower than the other 3 groups (P < 0.05). The difference between the 3 groups was not significant (P > 0.05). (4) over rumen methionine, lysine had no significant influence on the area, shear force, cooked meat rate, marble pattern, pH value and meat color of Holstein milk bulls (P > 0.05). (5) rumen methionine and lysine The content of crude protein in the muscle of Holstein milk bulls was significantly affected (P < 0.05).RPLys+RPMet and RPLys+RPMet (L) group was the highest protein content, significantly higher than the RPMet group, RPLys group and control group (P < 0.05), but the difference between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05). (6) rumen methionine, lysine to Holstein milk male beef threonine, bright ammonia Acid, aspartic acid, serine, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, cystine, tyrosine, proline content have significant influence (P < 0.05), and also have significant influence on total amino acid content (P < 0.05). The content of threonine, leucine and arginine in group RPLys+RPMet and RPLys+RPMet (L) of amino acids is significantly higher than that of the other groups (P < 0.05), RPLys+RPMet Group isoleucine was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05).RPLys+RPMet and RPLys+RPMet (L) group of aspartic acid, and glycine and glutamic acid were significantly higher than the other groups (P < 0.05). In addition, the other non essential amino acids except tyrosine, RPLys+RPMet and RPLys+RPMet (L) groups were also significantly higher than the other groups (P < 0.05).RPLys+RPMet group and R. The content of tyrosine in PMet group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P > 0.05). The total content of amino acids, RPLys+RPMet group and RPLys+RPMet (L) group were significantly higher than the other groups (P < 0.05) (7) over rumen methionine. Lysine had no significant effect on the fatty acid composition of Holstein milk male beef (P > 0.05). (8) the cost of daily diet day was 11.55 yuan, in ordinary day. The daily input cost of RPLys+RPMet group was 14.25 yuan, while the input cost of adding RPLys+RPMet in low protein diet was 12.97 yuan, which was 1.28 yuan lower than that of the RPLys+RPMet group. It was calculated by 16 yuan /kg for the market price of beef cattle at that time, and the breeding benefits of the RPLys+RPMet group and RPLys+RPMet (L) group in the control group were 5.09,7.35 and 7.67 yuan / day. The ET group and the RPLys+RPMet (L) group had higher breeding benefit than the control group, while the RPLys+RPMet (L) group had higher breeding benefit than the RPLys+RPMet group, which was 0.32 yuan / day higher than the control group.
The results showed that rine methionine was added to the Holstein dairy cattle diet. Lysine could effectively improve the growth performance and slaughter index, improve the amino acid composition of beef, but had no significant effect on the beef quality and fatty acid content. Ammonia acid can improve the growth performance and carcass quality of milk bulls, and the effect is better than the addition of rumen lysine or rumen methionine alone, and can replace the traditional protein feed to a certain extent, reduce the feeding cost and improve the economic benefit.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823.5

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