本文選題：中藥 + 益生素��； 參考：《華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文就中藥復(fù)方與益生素對(duì)熱應(yīng)激下肉雞腸道菌群、生長(zhǎng)性能、血生化、熱休克蛋白、皮質(zhì)醇的影響展開研究,進(jìn)一步探討熱應(yīng)激下使用中藥復(fù)方與益生素調(diào)節(jié)后對(duì)腸道菌群的影響,以及其緩解熱應(yīng)激可能存在的機(jī)理。購買1日齡商品代快大型嶺南黃雌性肉雞,正常喂養(yǎng)至14日齡,選取180羽體質(zhì)健康、體重均勻的肉雞,隨機(jī)均分為4組,均飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧,分別在兩個(gè)環(huán)境中飼養(yǎng),適溫環(huán)境(24~26℃):適溫組(正常飲水);高溫環(huán)境(34~38℃):中藥組(飲水中添加0.5%濃度為1g/mL復(fù)方中藥煎液),益生素組(飲水中添加0.02%益生素),熱應(yīng)激組(正常飲水)。于試驗(yàn)1d、14d、28d稱量肉雞空腹體重,記錄各階段采食量。于試驗(yàn)1d、3d、7d、14d、28d,每組分別隨機(jī)取6羽雞,空腹心臟采血約2mL,分離血清后用于檢測(cè)血生化指標(biāo),以及熱休克蛋白70、皮質(zhì)醇含量;隨后采集盲腸內(nèi)容物,置于-80℃冰箱保存,后續(xù)進(jìn)行腸道菌群Illumina Miseq測(cè)序并分析。試驗(yàn)28d,各組隨機(jī)選3羽雞取盲腸,用于組織形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的觀察。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果:1.試驗(yàn)3~28d,熱應(yīng)激組OTU數(shù)量高于適溫組;試驗(yàn)28d中藥組Tags數(shù)量顯著高于適溫組、熱應(yīng)激組(P0.05)。隨著肉雞日齡的增加,各組樣本OTU數(shù)量、Tags數(shù)量、Chao1指數(shù)、Shannon指數(shù)增加;且隨著熱應(yīng)激時(shí)間的增加,OTU數(shù)量、Chao1指數(shù)、Shannon指數(shù)也增加。2.PCA與PCoA分析顯示,隨著熱應(yīng)激時(shí)間的延長(zhǎng),高溫環(huán)境中肉雞腸道微生物結(jié)構(gòu)開始偏離適溫組,中藥與益生素的效果隨著飼喂時(shí)間的增加逐漸明顯。此外,隨著日齡的增加,腸道菌群結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生改變,且在后期樣本組內(nèi)菌群個(gè)體差異較大。3.熱應(yīng)激導(dǎo)致擬桿菌屬、柔嫩梭菌屬、顫螺菌屬、梭菌屬、考拉桿菌屬、薩特氏菌屬、Dorea豐度比例降低;而毛螺旋菌科和瘤胃菌科的瘤胃球菌屬、厭氧原體屬、Anaerotruncus、Blautia、Eubacterium、Butyricimonas豐度比例增加,而受熱應(yīng)激影響的擬桿菌屬、顫螺菌屬、柔嫩梭菌屬、梭菌屬、Dorea、瘤胃球菌屬、Anaerotruncus、Blautia、Butyricimonas的豐度比例,通過中藥復(fù)方與益生素的添加得以緩解。4.熱應(yīng)激導(dǎo)致與消化功能、內(nèi)分泌功能、多糖生物合成與代謝、排泄系統(tǒng)相關(guān)的腸道菌群減少,而免疫系統(tǒng)、能量代謝、環(huán)境適應(yīng)性、細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)死亡增高。其中消化功能、內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)、多糖生物合成與代謝添加中藥組與益生素可得以緩解。5.適溫組盲腸組織形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)腸絨毛排列整齊,結(jié)構(gòu)完整;熱應(yīng)激組腸絨毛缺失、斷裂;中藥組與益生素組腸絨毛排列整齊,組織完整。6.熱應(yīng)激環(huán)境導(dǎo)致肉雞各階段體重、日增重極顯著降低,采食量降低,料重比顯著增加。熱應(yīng)激下飲水中添加中藥復(fù)方煎液可以增加肉雞體重、日增重、采食量,降低料重比。飲水中添加益生素與熱應(yīng)激組相比,體重、日增重增加,料重比降低,但效果不及中藥組。7.試驗(yàn)各階段,適溫組、中藥組、益生素組AST含量均低于熱應(yīng)激組,其中7d,中藥組AST含量顯著降低(P0.05),表明中藥與益生素能有效降低熱應(yīng)激導(dǎo)致的AST含量升高。但ALT含量各組均低于其他三組,且在28d。熱應(yīng)激組極顯著低于適溫組與中藥組(P0.01)。適溫組、中藥組、益生素組GLU含量均高于熱應(yīng)激組,1d與28d中藥組顯著高于熱應(yīng)激組(P0.05),3d益生素組顯著高于熱應(yīng)激組(P0.05)。熱應(yīng)激環(huán)境中肉雞TP、ALB含量降低(P0.05)。8.試驗(yàn)28d,熱應(yīng)激環(huán)境中各組血清熱休克蛋白升高,且中藥組與益生素組高于熱應(yīng)激組(P0.05)。熱應(yīng)激組能顯著升高皮質(zhì)醇含量(P0.05),在14d、28d中藥組與益生素組均能顯著降低熱應(yīng)激下皮質(zhì)醇含量(P0.05)。
[Abstract]:The effects of Chinese herbal compound and probiotics on intestinal microflora, growth performance, blood biochemistry, heat shock protein and cortisol under heat stress were studied in this paper. The effect of traditional Chinese medicine compound and probiotics on intestinal microflora under heat stress, and the possible mechanism of alleviating heat stress were further discussed. The purchase of 1 day old commodity fast Large South of the Five Ridges yellow female broilers were fed to 14 days of age. 180 healthy and evenly weighed broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups. They were fed with basic diet in 4 groups. They were fed in two environment and temperature environment (24~26 C): temperature group (normal drinking water); high temperature environment (34~38 C): Chinese medicine group (0.5% concentration of drinking water was added to 1g/mL compound Chinese Medicine) Decoction of probiotics), probiotics group (adding 0.02% probiotics in drinking water), heat stress group (normal drinking water). Test 1D, 14d, 28d to weigh the empty belly weight of broiler, record all stages of feed intake. In the test 1D, 3D, 7d, 14d, 28d, each group was randomly selected 6 feather fowl, the empty heart was collected about 2mL, after separation of serum biochemical indexes, and heat shock protein 70, skin The content of caecum, then collected cecum contents, stored at -80 C refrigerator, followed by Illumina Miseq sequencing and analysis of intestinal microflora. Test 28d, randomly selected 3 feather fowl to take cecum for observation of tissue morphology. Test results: 1. test 3~28d, the number of OTU in the heat stress group was higher than that of the suitable temperature group; the number of Tags in the test 28d group was significantly higher. The number of OTU, the number of Tags, the Chao1 index, and the Shannon index increased with the increase of the age of the broilers, and the number of OTU, the Chao1 index, the Shannon index also increased.2.PCA and PCoA analysis with the increase of heat stress time. With the prolongation of heat stress time, the intestinal microflora of broilers in the high temperature environment. The structure began to deviate from the suitable temperature group. The effect of Chinese medicine and probiotics increased gradually with the increase of feeding time. In addition, the structure of intestinal flora changed with the increase of day age, and the.3. heat stress in the later sample group resulted in the bacteriobacterium, the genus tensiophilus, the genus Clostridium, the genus Clostridium, and the saltspella. The proportion of Dorea abundances decreased, while the abundance of rumen, Anaerotruncus, Blautia, Eubacterium, Butyricimonas in the family of the family hairy heliaceae and rumen bacteria increased, while the genus of bacilli, Clostridium, Clostridium, Clostridium, Dorea, ruminal, Anaerotruncus, Blautia, Butyricimonas affected by heat stress were increased. The proportion of abundances, through the addition of Chinese medicine compound and probiotics, can relieve.4. heat stress resulting in the digestive function, endocrine function, polysaccharide biosynthesis and metabolism, and the decrease of intestinal microflora related to the excretory system, while the immune system, energy metabolism, environmental adaptability, and long cell death increase. The digestive function, the endocrine system, and the polysaccharides are in the digestive function, the endocrine system and the polysaccharide The composition and metabolism of Chinese medicine group and probiotics could relieve the structure and structure of the cecum in the.5. suitable temperature group, the intestinal villi were arranged neatly and the structure was complete; the intestinal villi were missing and broken in the heat stress group; the intestinal villi in the Chinese medicine group and probiotics group were arranged neatly, and the whole.6. heat stress environment led to the body weight of broilers at various stages, and the daily weight gain was significantly reduced. The addition of traditional Chinese medicine decoction under heat stress can increase the weight, daily weight, feed intake and weight ratio of broilers. The weight, daily gain and weight ratio of the added probiotics in drinking water are increased, and the ratio of weight to weight is decreased, but the effect is not in the different stages of the.7. test in the Chinese medicine group, the suitable temperature group, the Chinese traditional medicine group and probiotics. Group AST content was lower than that of heat stress group, of which 7d, AST content in Chinese medicine group decreased significantly (P0.05), indicating that Chinese medicine and probiotics can effectively reduce the increase of AST content caused by heat stress. But ALT content is lower than the other three groups, and the 28d. heat stress group is significantly lower than the suitable temperature group and the traditional Chinese medicine group (P0.01). The temperature group, the Chinese medicine group, the probiotics group GLU contain Compared with heat stress group, 1D and 28d group were significantly higher than heat stress group (P0.05), 3D probiotics group was significantly higher than heat stress group (P0.05). In heat stress environment, chicken TP, ALB content decreased (P0.05).8. test 28d, and serum heat shock protein in each group was higher in heat stress environment, and Chinese medicine group and probiotics group were higher than heat stress group (P0.05). Heat stress group was higher than heat stress group. Significantly increased cortisol content (P0.05) in the 14d, 28d Chinese herb group and probiotics group could significantly reduce the cortisol content (P0.05) under heat stress.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S858.31

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