本文選題：割草壓扁機 + 壓扁間隙調(diào)節(jié)裝置��； 參考：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對我國西北地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)手工收獲小地塊梯田或山坡地牧草(苜蓿)效率低,易錯過最佳收獲時期,同時牧草未經(jīng)壓扁調(diào)制導致粗蛋白損失嚴重,制約了農(nóng)牧民的種植積極性和畜牧業(yè)的發(fā)展等現(xiàn)實問題,結(jié)合牧草收獲農(nóng)藝要求和種植地形,運用AutoCAD、Solidworks等軟件,對適合中、小型地塊的牧草收獲機壓扁裝置的關(guān)鍵性參數(shù)進行研究,并通過試驗設計與數(shù)據(jù)分析得到最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合,研究和設計了一種適合于小型割草壓扁機作業(yè)使用的壓扁裝置。主要研究了以下內(nèi)容:(1)為了達到割草壓扁機對壓扁裝置的農(nóng)藝要求,提高壓扁裝置的壓扁效果和實用性能,研究設計了一種由“V”型浮動梁、鉸接軸組件、前調(diào)節(jié)螺桿、后調(diào)節(jié)螺桿、限位滑塊和滑槽等組成的新型割草壓扁機壓扁間隙調(diào)節(jié)裝置,其“V”型雙向精量調(diào)節(jié),通過螺桿推動“V”型浮動架繞鉸接軸轉(zhuǎn)動來調(diào)節(jié)間隙,并采用回復彈簧實現(xiàn)壓扁輥工作與非工作自動復位,提高了壓扁輥對牧草的壓扁效果和對作業(yè)環(huán)境的適應能力。(2)結(jié)合牧草的生物力學特性和收獲農(nóng)藝要求,研究設計了一種由壓扁輥軸、連接鋼板、無縫鋼管和人字形齒等組成的中空式“人”字齒形壓扁輥,其對稱式“人”字齒形分布結(jié)構(gòu)增強了牧草的輸出力度、喂入性能和壓扁均勻性,基本能夠滿足苜蓿草產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量要求。(3)對壓扁裝置關(guān)鍵部件調(diào)用了Solidworks軟件中的Simulation有限元分析模塊進行仿真分析,分析表明其應力、應變、變形位移、安全系數(shù)云圖均符合設計要求。(4)為了研究壓扁裝置關(guān)鍵參數(shù)對壓扁效果的影響,通過改變影響其作業(yè)性能指標的主要參數(shù):壓扁輥齒表面材料、喂入量、壓扁間隙、回復彈簧初拉力,以莖桿壓扁率高及整株碎草損失率(只考慮壓扁和鋪條工作造成的)小為試驗評價指標,結(jié)合正交試驗研究和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析,獲得了最優(yōu)方案組合。試驗結(jié)果表明:對梯田旱地隴東苜蓿(苜蓿莖桿平均直徑3.24mm,平均密度416株/m2,平均株高738mm),選取人字形鋼齒壓扁輥,平均喂入量2.16 Kg/s,壓扁間隙3mm,回復彈簧初始拉力1000 N;對水澆地中蘭2號(苜蓿莖桿平均直徑1.66mm,平均密度525株/m2,平均株高1098mm),選取人字形橡膠輥,喂入量2.16 Kg/s,壓扁間隙2.5mm,回復彈簧初始拉力850N。
[Abstract]:In view of the low efficiency of the herbage (alfalfa) in the terraced fields or hillsides in the northwest of China, it is easy to miss the best harvest time. At the same time, the loss of coarse protein is caused by the unflatten modulation of pasture, which restricts the planting enthusiasm of the farmers and herdsmen and the development of animal husbandry. AutoCAD, Solidworks and other software are used to study the key parameters of the grasses harvester suitable for medium and small massif. The optimal parameter combination is obtained through experimental design and data analysis. A kind of flattening device suitable for small minitype lawn mower is studied and designed. The main contents are as follows: (1) In order to meet the agronomic requirements of the flattening machine for the mower and improve the flatting effect and practical performance of the flattening device, a new type of squash clearance adjustment device, which consists of a "V" type floating beam, a hinge shaft assembly, a front adjusting screw, a rear adjusting screw, a limit slide block and a slider, is designed, and its "V" type bi-directional precision is made. Quantity regulation, through the screw push "V" type floating frame around the hinge axis rotation to adjust the clearance, and use the recovery spring to realize the flat roll work and non work automatic reset, improve the flatting roller flatting effect and the adaptability to the working environment. (2) combined with the mechanical properties of pasture and the harvest agronomy requirements, the research and design are designed. A hollow "human" toothed flat roll composed of flat roller shaft, connecting steel plate, seamless steel tube and human shaped tooth, and its symmetrical "human" tooth profile distribution structure strengthens the output of herbage, feeding performance and flatness uniformity, and basically satisfies the quality requirements of alfalfa yield. (3) key components of the flattening device are adjusted. Using the Simulation finite element analysis module in Solidworks software, the simulation analysis shows that the stress, strain, deformation displacement and safety coefficient of the cloud are all in line with the design requirements. (4) in order to study the influence of the key parameters of the flattening device on the flatting effect, by changing the main parameters of the performance index, the surface of the flat roll tooth surface is changed. The material, feeding amount, flattening gap, restoring spring initial pull, the high squash rate and the loss rate of the whole plant (only considering the flattening and paving work) were the test indexes, and the optimal scheme combination was obtained by orthogonal test and data statistics analysis. The test results showed that the alfalfa stem (alfalfa stalk pole leveling) was in the dry land of the terraced field. Average diameter 3.24mm, average density of 416 /m2, average plant height 738mm), select human shaped steel tooth flattened roll, the average feeding amount of 2.16 Kg/s, the flat gap 3mm, the initial pull of the spring 1000 N; to the water land in the orchid 2 (average diameter of alfalfa stem 1.66mm, average density 525 /m2, average plant height 1098mm), select human shaped rubber roll, feed intake 2.16 Kg/s. 2.5mm, the initial pull 850N. of the spring

【學位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S817.1

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