發(fā)布時間：2018-04-29 22:25

  本文選題：內(nèi)蒙古草原 + 草地植被狀態(tài)��； 參考：《南京信息工程大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：草地是我國畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展的核心和載體,也是我國北方重要的生態(tài)屏障。長期以來,在氣候變化和放牧的雙重壓力下,我國草地嚴重退化的問題已經(jīng)受到廣泛關注�；诖�,本文以內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)為研究區(qū)域,通過氣象數(shù)據(jù)和多源遙感數(shù)據(jù),對2001-2010年間草地植被狀況、抗壓能力進行評估,并結合內(nèi)蒙古草地植被的現(xiàn)狀、狀態(tài)層貢獻率、壓力層貢獻率和抗壓能力,進一步探討內(nèi)蒙古草地利用和保護區(qū)域的劃定。結果表明:(1)內(nèi)蒙古草地的植被凈生產(chǎn)力、葉面積指數(shù)、植被覆蓋度、降水利用效率、凈生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)力等指標都存在著明顯的地域性差異且有明顯的經(jīng)度地帶性。鄂爾多斯西部、渾善達克沙地和呼倫貝爾盟西部草地各項指標的年際波動相對較大,而錫林郭勒盟東部和呼倫貝爾盟中部各項指標的年際波動則相對較小。(2)內(nèi)蒙古草地抗壓能力呈地帶性分布。通遼市東南部、阿拉善盟東部、鄂爾多斯西南部和巴彥淖爾盟北部的草地抗壓能力較高;呼和浩特-烏蘭察布盟-包頭-錫林郭勒盟東南部這一片草地的抗壓能力較低�？箟耗芰^高、一般、較低的草地分別占內(nèi)蒙古總草地面積的18%、47%和35%; (3)赤峰市北部的巴林右旗和巴林左旗的草地保護優(yōu)先級最高;而草地利用優(yōu)先級最高的草地則分布在呼倫貝爾盟的中部、錫林郭勒盟中北部的阿巴嘎旗和錫林浩特市以及赤峰市的西南部;(4)2001-2010年間,隨著生態(tài)修復工程的進行和畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式的轉變,原本植被狀況面臨嚴重威脅的草地的單位草地面積牲畜數(shù)量增加,植被呈現(xiàn)了恢復的趨勢,并具有較強的抗壓能力。相反對于原本受退化威脅較輕、植被狀況良好的地區(qū)則出現(xiàn)了單位面積牲畜數(shù)量降低和植被整體狀況退化的趨勢,并反映出較差的抗壓能力,造成這樣現(xiàn)象的原因可能是生態(tài)修復工程對這些地區(qū)的忽視以及過度放牧的畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式。
[Abstract]:Grassland is the core and carrier of animal husbandry development in China, and it is also an important ecological barrier in northern China. For a long time, under the dual pressure of climate change and grazing, the serious degradation of grassland in China has been paid more and more attention. Based on this, this paper takes Inner Mongolia Autonomous region as the research area, through meteorological data and multi-source remote sensing data, evaluates the grassland vegetation condition and anti-pressure ability from 2001 to 2010, and combines the present situation of Inner Mongolia grassland vegetation, the contribution rate of state layer. The contribution rate of pressure layer and the ability of resisting pressure are further discussed in the delineation of grassland utilization and protection area in Inner Mongolia. The results showed that the vegetation net productivity, leaf area index, vegetation coverage, precipitation utilization efficiency and net ecosystem productivity of Inner Mongolia grassland had obvious regional differences and obvious longitude zonation. In the western part of Ordos, the interannual fluctuation of grassland indexes in Hunshandak sandy land and the western part of Hulunbeir League is relatively large. The interannual fluctuation of the indexes in the eastern part of Xilingol League and the central part of Hulun Belle League is relatively small. 2) the compressive capacity of Inner Mongolia grassland is distributed zonality. The grassland in southeast of Tongliao City, east of Alashan League, southwest of Ordos and northern part of Bayannur League has higher ability of resisting pressure, but the grassland of Hohhot-Ulanchabumen-Baotou-the southeast of Xilingol League has lower ability of resisting pressure. In general, the lower grassland accounted for 1847% and 35% of the total grassland area in Inner Mongolia, respectively, and the grassland protection priority was highest in Balin Youqi and Balingzuo Banner in the north of Chifeng. The highest priority grasslands are located in the central part of the Hulunbeir League, the Abaca and Xilinhaote cities in the north-central part of the Xilanguole League, and the southwestern part of Chifeng City in the period 2001-2010. With the development of ecological restoration project and the transformation of animal husbandry production mode, the number of livestock per unit grassland area which had been seriously threatened by the vegetation situation increased, the vegetation showed a trend of restoration, and had a strong ability to resist pressure. On the contrary, in areas where the threat of degradation is lighter and vegetation is in good condition, there is a tendency to decrease the number of livestock per unit area and to degrade the overall vegetation status, and to reflect poor resilience to pressure. The causes of this phenomenon may be the neglect of these areas by ecological restoration works and the overgrazing of animal husbandry production methods.
【學位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S812

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 于驥;何彤慧;;對生態(tài)紅線的研究——寧夏生態(tài)紅線劃定的問題和思考[J];環(huán)境科學與管理;2015年01期

2 葉鐸;吳溪s，

本文編號：1821852