本文選題：伊犁絹蒿 + 高光譜�。� 參考：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：從植被、土壤及光譜三個方面對封育后的伊犁絹蒿荒漠草地恢復(fù)狀況進行研究,希望通過光譜研究對該類草地恢復(fù)狀況進行監(jiān)測。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)對群落植被及光譜研究可以發(fā)現(xiàn),在同一退化梯度下,隨著封育年限的增加,草地群落建群種伊犁絹蒿重要值增大,而植被生長期內(nèi)短命植被及一年生植被從群落中逐漸退出。通過分析群落光譜特征可以發(fā)現(xiàn),在植被生長期內(nèi)群落光譜的植被吸收特征減弱,在成熟期只有封育10年的群落光譜具有明顯的植被吸收特征;通過特征植被光譜可以發(fā)現(xiàn),不同植被對圍欄干擾響應(yīng)不一致,在5月隨封育年限增加伊犁絹蒿紅邊斜率顯著大于未圍封的紅邊斜率(P0.05),叉毛蓬與之相反(P0.01),而澀薺的紅邊斜率在圍封與未圍封間并無明顯不同(P0.05);從植被生長期來看,特征植被可以分為三種類型:逃避型(澀薺)、耐旱型(木地膚)和休眠型(伊犁絹蒿)植被。通過光譜對群落數(shù)量指標(biāo)的相關(guān)性分析,表明NDVI與高度、蓋度和生物量間具有相關(guān)性,R2依次為0.17、0.32和0.36。(2)對伊犁絹蒿荒漠草地的土壤理化性質(zhì)及光譜進行研究,結(jié)果顯示土壤含水量在各土層隨植物生長期呈遞減趨勢,5月與9月土壤含水量隨圍封年限延長總體上呈增加趨勢,并對群落光譜和土壤含水量間關(guān)系進行建模,R2=0.63;土壤有機質(zhì)隨封育年限增加呈升-降-升的趨勢,圍欄內(nèi)有機質(zhì)在5月相對于圍欄外隨封育年限的延長呈遞增趨勢,封育7年、10年的差值在植物生長期內(nèi)呈線性遞減。通過室內(nèi)土壤光譜及野外裸地光譜對土壤有機質(zhì)進行建模,均取得較好效果,R2分別為0.64與0.38。研究表明草地土壤含水量及有機質(zhì)對于草地恢復(fù)狀況較為敏感,可用于該類草地封育狀況的監(jiān)測。(3)對群落的數(shù)量指標(biāo)、群落NDVI和特征植物NDVI進行回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn),3個指標(biāo)均在5年時達到極值;而土壤含水量及有機質(zhì)的相關(guān)分析,表明在10年左右達到最大值。結(jié)合植被、土壤的敏感指標(biāo)可以得出結(jié)論,對于研究區(qū)這一退化狀況下的伊犁絹蒿荒漠草地,在封育5年后草地植被即得到恢復(fù),土壤恢復(fù)相對滯后,可以進行適當(dāng)?shù)睦谩?br/>[Abstract]:The restoration status of desert grassland of Artemisia yili after fencing was studied from three aspects of vegetation, soil and spectrum, and it was hoped that the restoration status of this kind of grassland could be monitored by spectral study. The main results are as follows: (1) under the same degradation gradient, the important value of Artemisia ellii, a species of grassland community, increased with the increase of the years of fencing under the same degradation gradient. But the short-lived vegetation and the annual vegetation gradually withdraw from the community during the vegetation growth period. By analyzing the spectral characteristics of the community, it can be found that the spectral absorption of the community decreases in the vegetative growth period, and the spectrum of the community with only 10 years of closure in the mature period has obvious characteristics of the absorption of the vegetation, and the characteristic spectrum of the vegetation can be found through the characteristic vegetation spectrum. The response of different vegetation to fence disturbance was not consistent. In May, the red edge slope of Artemisia Yili was significantly higher than that of unenclosed red edge slope (P0.05, P 0.01), but the red edge slope of Cardamine was not significantly different between the enclosed and unenclosed areas, and the vegetation growth period showed that the red edge slope of Artemisia yili was significantly higher than that of unenclosed red edge slope (P0.05), and that the red edge slope of Artemisia yili was significantly higher than that of unenclosed red edge slope (P0.05). The characteristic vegetation can be divided into three types: escape type, drought tolerant type and dormant type. The correlation between NDVI and height, coverage and biomass was found to be 0.170.32 and 0.36. 2, respectively. The soil physical and chemical properties and spectra of the desert grassland of Artemisia yili were studied. The results showed that the soil moisture content decreased with the growth of plants in each soil layer, and that in May and September the soil moisture content increased with the increase of the envelop life. The relationship between community spectrum and soil moisture content was modeled R2N 0.63.The soil organic matter increased with the increase of the fencing years, and the organic matter in the enclosure increased with the extension of the fencing years in May compared with that outside the enclosure. For 7 years, the difference of 10 years was decreased linearly in plant growth period. The soil organic matter was modeled by indoor soil spectrum and field soil spectrum. The results showed that the R2 was 0.64 and 0.38, respectively. The results showed that soil water content and organic matter in grassland were sensitive to grassland restoration, and could be used to monitor the fencing condition of grassland. Regression analysis of community NDVI and characteristic plant NDVI showed that the three indexes reached the maximum value in 5 years, while the correlation analysis of soil water content and organic matter showed that the maximum value was reached in about 10 years. Combined with vegetation, the sensitive index of soil can be concluded that the grassland vegetation was restored after 5 years of fencing, and the soil restoration was relatively lagged, so it can be used properly for the desertified grassland of Artemisia Yili under the condition of degeneracy in the study area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S812

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