本文選題：雞源大腸桿菌 + 血清型　； 參考：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：雞大腸桿菌病是由大腸埃希氏桿菌某些血清型菌株引起的一類疾病的總稱。常引起家禽胚胎死亡、臍炎、敗血癥、肝周炎、心包炎、卵黃性腹膜炎、輸卵管炎等一系列疾病,對養(yǎng)雞業(yè)的危害很大。大腸桿菌易產(chǎn)生耐藥性,養(yǎng)殖過程中不規(guī)范用藥進(jìn)一步加劇了耐藥性的發(fā)展。藥物敏感性試驗表明,雞源大腸桿菌耐藥菌株越來越多,耐藥譜也越來越廣,甚至有的分離株對尚未廣泛用于獸醫(yī)臨床的新型抗生素也表現(xiàn)出很強(qiáng)的耐藥性。本研究對泰安地區(qū)幾個規(guī)�；B(yǎng)雞場分離到的大腸桿菌耐藥性情況開展了比較系統(tǒng)的研究,以期揭示該地區(qū)雞源性大腸桿菌病的流行情況和細(xì)菌的耐藥狀況,為該地區(qū)雞大腸桿菌病的發(fā)生流行的有效控制提供可靠的理論依據(jù)。本論文主要進(jìn)行三個方面的研究:2013~2014年自山東省泰安地區(qū)的10個規(guī)�；u場采集的疑似雞大腸桿菌病例的相關(guān)病料進(jìn)行大腸桿菌的分離鑒定,共分離鑒定出14株雞源大腸桿菌,以微量平板凝集試驗鑒定分離菌株的O抗原血清型,分別屬于O78、O2和O1等3個血清型,其中O78(6/14)、O2(6/14)為主要流行血清型,占分離菌株總數(shù)的85.71%。選取了20種常用治療腸桿菌病的抗生素對14株雞源大腸桿菌分離株進(jìn)行藥敏試驗,結(jié)果顯示:14株大腸桿菌對多種頭孢菌素類抗生素如頭孢噻肟、頭孢噻吩、頭孢呋辛、頭孢曲松、頭孢哌酮、頭孢吡肟、頭孢唑啉均具有極高的耐藥性。此外,14株大腸桿菌對慶大霉素、鏈霉素、阿米卡星、卡那霉素、哌拉西林、氨芐西林等常用抗生素的耐藥性也達(dá)到100%,對妥布霉素(92.9%)、氧氟沙星(85.7%)、氨曲南(85.7%)、頭孢他啶(71.4%)及復(fù)方新諾明(64.3%)也具有較高的耐藥性。這14株大腸桿菌僅對多粘菌素B(100%)、頭孢西叮(100%)和復(fù)方新諾明(21.4%)的敏感性較高。對14株大腸桿菌的β-內(nèi)酰胺類耐藥基因TEM、SHV、CTX-M-1、CTX-M-8、0XA-2、OXA-10基因及氨基糖甙類耐藥基因ant(3'')-Ia、acc(6')-Ib、aph(3')-IIa、armA、rmtA等11個耐藥基因進(jìn)行了PCR檢測,結(jié)果表明,分離大腸桿菌耐藥基因的攜帶率較高,所分離細(xì)菌全部攜帶CTX-M-1基因和acc(6')-Ib基因。此外,9株大腸桿菌攜帶?-內(nèi)酰胺類耐藥基因TEM(64.3%),2株大腸桿菌攜帶氨基糖苷類耐藥基因aph(3')-IIa(14.3%),且存在同一菌株攜帶多種耐藥基因的現(xiàn)象。這與藥敏試驗的結(jié)果基本對應(yīng),在分子水平上解釋了本研究中14株大腸桿菌具有極廣耐藥譜的原因,為有效控制大腸桿菌感染提供了理論基礎(chǔ)和科學(xué)依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Escherichia coli is a kind of disease caused by some serotype strains of Escherichia coli. It often causes a series of diseases, such as death of poultry embryo, umbilical phlogistic, septicemia, pericarditis, pericarditis, yolk peritonitis, salpingitis and so on. Escherichia coli is susceptible to drug resistance, and the development of drug resistance is further aggravated by non-standard drug use in the breeding process. Drug sensitivity tests showed that more and more strains of Escherichia coli from chicken were resistant to drugs, and even some isolates showed strong resistance to new antibiotics which had not been widely used in veterinary clinic. The drug resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from several large-scale chicken farms in Tai'an area was systematically studied in order to reveal the prevalence of chicken Escherichia coli disease and the drug resistance of bacteria in this area. It provides a reliable theoretical basis for the effective control of the occurrence and prevalence of chicken E. coli disease in this area. In this paper, we mainly studied the isolation and identification of E. coli from 10 large scale chicken farms collected from 10 large-scale chicken farms in Shandong Province from 2013 to 2014. A total of 14 strains of Escherichia coli were isolated and identified. The O antigen serotypes of the isolated strains were identified by microplate agglutination test, belonging to three serotypes of O78 / O 2 and O 1 respectively, in which O786 / 14 / 14 / O2 / 14) was the main prevalent serotype, accounting for 85.71% of the total number of isolated strains. A total of 20 antibiotics used to treat Enterobacteriasis were selected to test 14 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from chicken. The results showed that 14 strains of Escherichia coli were resistant to various cephalosporins such as cefotaxime, cefothiophene, cefuroxime, cefuroxime and cefuroxime. Ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, cefepime and cefazolin are highly resistant. In addition, 14 strains of Escherichia coli were treated with gentamicin, streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, piperacillin, The resistance of ampicillin and other commonly used antibiotics to tobramycin 92.9m, ofloxacin 85.7am, amtreonam 85.7abong, ceftazidime 71.4) and compound sulfamethoxine 64.3cm) also showed higher resistance to tobramycin, ofloxacin, ampicillin and ceftazidime 71.4. These 14 strains of Escherichia coli were only sensitive to polymyxin B _ (100), cefaxil (100) and compound sulfamethasone (21. 4). The 尾 -lactam resistance gene (TEMN SHVCTX-M-1) CTX-8 0XA-2OXA-10 and the aminoglycoside resistance gene antnyclo-Iaanaccacc6HY-Ibapapam-IIaarmArmtA were detected by PCR. The results showed that the carrying rate of drug-resistant genes in E. coli was higher than that in Escherichia coli. All the isolated bacteria carried CTX-M-1 gene and acc(6')-Ib gene. In addition, 9 strains of Escherichia coli carrying Tem 64.3and 2 strains of Escherichia coli carrying the aminoglycoside resistance gene APHY3H3HY3, and the same strain carrying multiple drug resistance genes, also had the phenomenon that the same strain was carrying a variety of resistant genes, and the two strains carried the aminoglycoside resistance gene (APH3) and the second strain carried the amino glycoside resistance gene. This basically corresponds to the results of drug sensitivity test. It explains the reason why 14 strains of Escherichia coli in this study have a wide spectrum of drug resistance at the molecular level, which provides a theoretical and scientific basis for the effective control of E. coli infection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S852.61

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