發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-21 23:35

  本文選題：環(huán)江香豬 + 仔豬腹瀉��； 參考：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)江香豬是廣西著名的地方品種,屬中國(guó)珍稀豬種,2003年通過(guò)國(guó)家原產(chǎn)地地理標(biāo)志注冊(cè)論證。環(huán)江香豬具有產(chǎn)仔數(shù)多、母性好、肉質(zhì)鮮美、抗寒和耐粗飼等優(yōu)良特性,深受養(yǎng)殖戶(hù)和消費(fèi)者歡迎。然而,改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)重視解決溫飽問(wèn)題,養(yǎng)殖業(yè)傾向于飼養(yǎng)體型大、生長(zhǎng)快的豬種,環(huán)江香豬等小型地方品種豬被“打入冷宮”,加之環(huán)江香豬仔豬腹瀉死亡率高,導(dǎo)致環(huán)江香豬的存欄量少,飼養(yǎng)成本高。目前對(duì)環(huán)江香豬相關(guān)功能基因研究鮮有報(bào)道,本研究立足仔豬的抗腹瀉能力和母豬的產(chǎn)仔性狀候選相關(guān)功能基因,包括粘附素13(MUC13)基因、促卵泡激素β亞基(FSHβ)基因、雌激素受體(ESR)基因和合子阻滯因子1(ZAR1),采用高分辨率熔解曲線(High Resolution Melting, HRM)、限制性片段長(zhǎng)度多態(tài)性(RFLP)結(jié)合測(cè)序分析的方法進(jìn)行基因多態(tài)性研究,具體結(jié)果如下：1.環(huán)江香豬仔豬腹瀉抗性/易感的MUC13基因的多態(tài)性研究。結(jié)果顯示,環(huán)江香豬MUC13的A、B、C、和D位點(diǎn)有多態(tài)性,分別為SNPA32847G、SNPT37731C、SNPA42824G和SNP G46592C,E位點(diǎn)未檢測(cè)出多態(tài)性。參考報(bào)道中抗性基因型GG型和CC型,統(tǒng)計(jì)154頭環(huán)江香豬的基因型頻率,其中A位點(diǎn)檢測(cè)出的AA和AG基因型頻率分別為0.792和0.208,有利等位基因G頻率為0.104。B位點(diǎn)的CT和TT基因型頻率分別為0.136和0.864,有利等位基因C頻率為0.068。C位點(diǎn)檢測(cè)出的AG和GG三種基因型頻率分別為0.694、0.279和0.027,有利等位基因G頻率為0.166。D位點(diǎn)檢測(cè)出GC和CC基因型頻率分別為0.344和0.656,有利等位基因G頻率為0.172。環(huán)江香豬有利等位基因G與C頻率均較低,這與環(huán)江香豬仔豬斷奶前腹瀉死亡率高的調(diào)研結(jié)果相吻合。進(jìn)一步對(duì)仔豬健康群體、仔豬腹瀉群體和仔豬腹瀉死亡群體ABCD四個(gè)位點(diǎn)基因型研究顯示,四個(gè)位點(diǎn)的不同基因型在三個(gè)分組中分布均存在顯著差別(P0.05),其中C位點(diǎn)差別極顯著(P0.01),說(shuō)明檢測(cè)出的四個(gè)位點(diǎn)的不同基因型與仔豬腹瀉抗性/易感相關(guān)。2.環(huán)江香豬繁殖性狀相關(guān)基因FSHβ、ESR和ZAR1基因的多態(tài)性研究。結(jié)果顯示,首次成功克隆測(cè)序了環(huán)江香豬ZARl基因的外顯子3,與GenBank中的ZAR1基因(DQ231443, gi:83727928)外顯子3序列100%同源。針對(duì)134頭環(huán)江香豬檢測(cè)樣本中均未發(fā)現(xiàn)FSHβ和ESR基因的多態(tài)突變位點(diǎn)。對(duì)ZAR1基因的外顯子3和部分內(nèi)含子3測(cè)序后發(fā)現(xiàn)5個(gè)新突變SNP位點(diǎn),未見(jiàn)有已報(bào)道的對(duì)豬產(chǎn)仔數(shù)產(chǎn)生顯著影響的外顯子3(C54T)突變。結(jié)果顯示不同品種豬基因突變多態(tài)性亦呈現(xiàn)為不同的模式,研究結(jié)果對(duì)建立環(huán)江香豬基因標(biāo)記輔助選擇方法提供理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Huanjiang Xiang pig is a famous local breed in Guangxi, which is a rare pig species in China. It was proved by the registration of national geographical indications of origin in 2003. Huanjiang Xiang pig has many characteristics, such as large litter size, good maternal quality, delicious meat quality, cold resistance and forage tolerance, and is welcomed by farmers and consumers. However, since the reform and opening up, China has attached great importance to solving the problem of food and clothing. The breeding industry tends to raise large and fast growing pig breeds, small local breeds such as Huanjiang Xiang pig, etc., which have been "put in the cold". In addition, Huanjiang Xiang pig piglets have a high mortality rate of diarrhea. As a result, Huanjiang Xiang pig storage capacity is small, raising cost is high. There are few reports on the related functional genes of Huanjiang Xiang pig. This study was based on the anti-diarrhea ability of piglets and the candidate functional genes for litter traits in sows, including adhesion hormone 13MUC 13 gene and follicle stimulating hormone 尾 subunit FSH 尾 gene. Estrogen receptor ESR) gene and zygote block factor 1 (ZAR1) were studied by high resolution fusion curve high Resolution melting, HRMN, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequencing analysis. The results are as follows: 1. Study on the Polymorphism of MUC13 Gene of diarrhea Resistance / susceptibility in Huanjiang Xiang Pig piglets. The results showed that there were no polymorphisms at SNPT37731C (SNPA32847G) and SNP G46592 (E) in MUC13 of Huanjiang Xiang pig. The genotype frequencies of 154 Huanjiang Xiang pigs were analyzed with reference to the GG and CC genotypes in the report. The genotype frequencies of AA and AG were 0.792 and 0.208 for A locus, 0.136 and 0.864 for CT and TT genotypes at 0.104.B site, and 0.068.C for AG and TT genotype frequencies for favorable allele G, respectively. The frequencies of three genotypes of GG were 0.6940.279 and 0.027, respectively. The G frequency of favorable allele G was 0.166.D and the frequencies of GC and CC were 0.344 and 0.656, respectively, and the G frequency of favorable allele was 0.172. The frequency of G and C alleles were lower in Huanjiang Xiang pig, which was consistent with the investigation results of high mortality rate of diarrhea before weaning in Huanjiang Xiang pig piglets. The genotypes of four loci of ABCD in healthy piglets, piglets diarrhea population and piglet diarrhea death population were further studied. There were significant differences in the distribution of different genotypes among the four loci in the three groups, and the difference of C loci was extremely significant (P0.01), which indicated that the different genotypes of the four loci were related to the diarrhea resistance / susceptibility of piglets. Polymorphism of FSH 尾 -ESR and ZAR1 genes associated with reproductive traits in Huanjiang Xiang pig. The results showed that exon 3 of the ZARl gene of Huanjiang Xiang pig was cloned and sequenced successfully for the first time, which was 100% homologous to the exon 3 sequence of ZAR1 gene DQ231443 in GenBank. Polymorphic mutation sites of FSH 尾 and ESR genes were not found in 134 Huanjiang Xiang pigs. After sequencing exon 3 and partial intron 3 of ZAR1 gene, five new mutation SNP loci were found, and no reported exon 3 C54T mutation which had significant effect on litter size was found. The results showed that different breeds of pig gene mutation polymorphism also showed different patterns. The results provided a theoretical basis for the establishment of a genetic marker-assisted selection method for Huanjiang Xiang pig.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S828

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