本文選題：A-FABP基因 + 綿羊　； 參考：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：脂肪型脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白(adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein,A-FABP)屬于脂肪酸結(jié)合蛋白(fatty-acid binding protein family,FABPs)家族,主要功能為結(jié)合和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)長(zhǎng)鏈脂肪酸參與脂肪酸代謝過程。本研究基于Ensemble數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中綿羊A-FABP基因全序列,對(duì)7個(gè)綿羊品種共20個(gè)樣本的A-FABP基因全序列測(cè)序分析,以明確綿羊A-FABP基因的變異和單倍型特征。結(jié)果表明:PCR擴(kuò)增獲得綿羊A-FABP基因全長(zhǎng)6474bp,A、T、G、C 4種堿基的平均百分比分別為31.48%、33.02%、17.21%和18.29%,A+T平均含量為64.50%,G+C平均含量為35.50%。共發(fā)現(xiàn)48處單堿基變異位點(diǎn)和2處微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)M1((TG)n)和M2((TA)n),單一變異位點(diǎn)、2核苷酸變異位點(diǎn)和3核苷酸變異位點(diǎn)比例分別為28.85%、40.4%和0.02%。共發(fā)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)換、顛換、插入和缺失4種變異類型,其占變異位點(diǎn)總數(shù)的比例分別為45.83%、31.25%、2.08%及20.83%。共發(fā)現(xiàn)19種單倍型,單倍型多樣度為0.995。A-FABP基因19個(gè)單倍型序列的NJ樹分化為2個(gè)聚類簇,表明A-FABP基因單倍型最初由2個(gè)主要單倍型衍化形成。運(yùn)用PCR-SSCP方法檢測(cè)了4個(gè)綿羊品種的A-FABP基因外顯子2-內(nèi)含子2和外顯子3-內(nèi)含子3區(qū)域的遺傳多態(tài)性并對(duì)其變異特性進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)分析。結(jié)果顯示,4個(gè)綿羊品種的外顯子2-內(nèi)含子2區(qū)域共檢測(cè)出4個(gè)等位基因(A、B、C、D),表現(xiàn)為6種基因型(AA、AC、AD、BB、BC、CC),A等位基因?yàn)閮?yōu)勢(shì)等位基因,在4個(gè)群體中的頻率均分別是0.4865、0.5333、0.7500和0.4592;不同群體的優(yōu)勢(shì)等位基因型不同,灘羊群體、藏綿羊群體、青海細(xì)毛羊群體中的優(yōu)勢(shì)等位基因型分別為BC、AA、AC。外現(xiàn)子3-內(nèi)含子3區(qū)域在4個(gè)群體中共發(fā)現(xiàn)A、B、C、D 4個(gè)等位基因,表現(xiàn)為AA、BB、AB、AC和CD 4種基因型,等位基因A為優(yōu)勢(shì)等位基因。基因型和等位基因在群體間分布不均衡。只有外顯子3-內(nèi)含子3區(qū)域等位基因D在61bp處發(fā)生的A→G的突變?cè)斐闪税被嵬蛔儭Ｆ渌蛔兙l(fā)生在內(nèi)含子區(qū)域,所以未發(fā)生氨基酸的突變。外顯子2-內(nèi)含子2和外現(xiàn)子3-內(nèi)含子3區(qū)域共有8個(gè)突變位點(diǎn),其中1個(gè)位點(diǎn)為堿基缺失,占突變位點(diǎn)的12.5%;6個(gè)位點(diǎn)發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)換,占突變位點(diǎn)的75%;1個(gè)位點(diǎn)發(fā)生顛換,占突變位點(diǎn)的12.5%。在外顯子2-內(nèi)含子2區(qū)域,除藏綿羊?yàn)橹卸榷鄳B(tài)(0.25㩳PIC㩳0.5)外,甘肅高山細(xì)毛羊、灘羊、青海細(xì)毛羊(PIC㧐0.5)均屬于高度多態(tài)。在外顯子3-內(nèi)含子3區(qū)域除甘肅高山細(xì)毛羊?yàn)楦叨榷鄳B(tài)外(PIC㧐0.5),其它三個(gè)綿羊群體均屬于中度多態(tài)(0.25㩳PIC㩳0.5)。χ2檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,4個(gè)綿羊群體在外顯子2-內(nèi)含子2和外顯子3-內(nèi)含子3區(qū)域雜交類群中均偏離了Hardy-Weinberg平衡狀態(tài)(P㩳0.05)。綜上所述,綿羊A-FABP基因是高度多態(tài)的,遺傳多樣性十分豐富,對(duì)其多態(tài)性的研究可以促進(jìn)綿羊A-FABP基因的進(jìn)化研究,同時(shí),為綿羊生長(zhǎng)和脂肪性狀候選基因的研究積累素材。
[Abstract]:Adipocyte fatty-acid binding protein (A-FABPs) belongs to the fatty acid binding protein binding protein familyFABPsfamily. The main function is to bind and transport long chain fatty acids to participate in fatty acid metabolism. Based on the complete sequence of sheep A-FABP gene in Ensemble database, 20 samples of 7 sheep breeds were sequenced and analyzed to identify the variation and haplotype characteristics of sheep A-FABP gene. The results showed that the average percentages of the four bases of sheep A-FABP gene were 31.48 ~ 33.02%, 17.21% and 18.29% respectively. The average percentage of total length of A-FABP gene was 64.50% and the average percentage of G C was 35.50%. A total of 48 single base mutation sites and 2 microsatellite sites were identified. The percentages of single mutation site and 3 nucleotide variation site were 28.85% and 0.02%, respectively. Four types of variation were found: conversion, transversion, insertion and deletion, and the proportion of them to the total number of mutation sites was 45.83% and 20.83%, respectively. A total of 19 haplotypes were found, and the haplotypes with 19 haplotypes of 0.995.A-FABP gene differentiated into 2 clusters, indicating that the haplotypes of A-FABP gene were originally derived from two major haplotypes. The genetic polymorphisms of exon 2-intron 2 and exon 3-intron 3 of A-FABP gene in four sheep breeds were detected by PCR-SSCP method and their variation characteristics were systematically analyzed. The results showed that a total of 4 alleles were detected in exon 2-intron 2 region of four sheep breeds, which showed that 6 genotypes (AA-AA-AA-AA-AC-BCCC-CG-A) were the dominant alleles, and 4 alleles were detected in the exon 2-intron 2 region of four sheep breeds, which were the dominant alleles. The frequencies of the four populations were 0.4865 and 0.4592.The dominant alleles of different populations were different, the dominant alleles of Tan sheep, Tibetan sheep and Qinghai fine wool sheep were BCU AAAC. Four alleles were found in the exon 3-intron 3 region in four populations. The allele A was the dominant allele in ABAC and CD4 genotypes. Genotypes and alleles were unevenly distributed among populations. Only the allele D of exon 3- intron 3 occurred at 61bp, resulting in amino acid mutation. Other mutations occurred in the intron region, so there was no amino acid mutation. There are 8 mutation sites in the region of exon 2-intron 2 and exon 3-intron 3, among which one locus is base deletion, accounting for 12.5% of the mutation site, six loci are converted, accounting for 75% of the mutant sites, and one locus is transverted, accounting for 12.5% of the mutation sites. In the region of exon 2-intron 2, Gansu alpine fine wool sheep, Tan sheep, Qinghai fine wool sheep and Qinghai fine wool sheep were highly polymorphic except Tibetan sheep (0.25 PIC-0.5). In the region of exon 3- intron 3, except Gansu alpine fine wool sheep with high polymorphism, the other three sheep populations all belong to the middle polymorphic polymorphic polymorphic PIC3. 蠂 2 test showed that four sheep populations contained exon 2-intron 2 and exon 3- intron 3 in both exon 2 and exon 3- exon 3. The results of 蠂 2 test showed that four sheep populations had high polymorphism in exon 2- intron 2 and exon 3- exon 3. The cross group of sub-3 region all deviated from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state. In conclusion, sheep A-FABP gene is highly polymorphic and rich in genetic diversity. The study of its polymorphism can promote the evolutionary study of sheep A-FABP gene, and accumulate materials for the study of candidate genes for growth and fat traits of sheep.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S826

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本文編號(hào)：1774486