本文選題：H5亞型 + 禽流感�。� 參考：《江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：A型流感病毒引發(fā)的禽流感(Avian influenza,AI)是一種流行性疫病,且是人畜共患病,在世界范圍內(nèi)它均可以暴發(fā)和流行,其主要宿主為水生禽類,同時也能夠感染哺乳動物和人類。禽流感暴發(fā)引發(fā)的各項損失尤其是經(jīng)濟損失無法估量,特別是由高致病性H5亞型禽流感引起的,其一旦暴發(fā)將會給養(yǎng)殖業(yè)造成致命的打擊,所以世界各國都將禽流感列入必須報告的疾病之一。從2004年開始,我國對防控逐漸重視起來。在我國,雞群感染H5亞型最為流行。在不斷的探索和實踐中摸索出,預防禽流感最有效、最實惠的方法是疫苗免疫。免疫之后,對雞只群體進行抗體的檢測,以掌握其免疫效果和感染病毒的情況。這些檢測的數(shù)據(jù)還將為以后的防控工作供給數(shù)據(jù)上的有力支撐。本試驗是運用血凝和血凝抑制試驗對2014年秋防到2016年秋防期間雞場免疫H5亞型流感之后抗體進行了監(jiān)測和分析。通過監(jiān)測的數(shù)據(jù)得出禽流感抗體監(jiān)測合格率年年均保持在90%以上,且呈現(xiàn)出逐年遞增的良好狀態(tài);通過對2016年1-12月份的抗體監(jiān)測得出,5月份和10月份是抗體比較高的月份,抗體檢測合格率分別達到93%和93.5%,且全年均保持在85%以上;通過對蛋用型雞、肉用型雞抗體水平的對比得出肉用型雞的抗體水平要低于蛋雞;而在不同類型場戶的抽檢得出抗體水平種禽場規(guī)模戶散養(yǎng)戶;而對監(jiān)測重點區(qū)域(1)肉雞養(yǎng)殖密集區(qū):衙前鄉(xiāng)、下埠集鄉(xiāng);(2)蛋雞養(yǎng)殖密集區(qū):溫圳鎮(zhèn)、泉嶺鄉(xiāng);(3)候鳥密集區(qū):三里鄉(xiāng)、梅莊鎮(zhèn)。監(jiān)測可見,這幾個區(qū)域的抗體水平都比較高,均好于抗體平均合格率,其中蛋雞養(yǎng)殖密集區(qū)的2個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)抗體水平最高,分別達到94.5%和93.8%。
[Abstract]:Avian influenza induced by influenza A virus (Avian influenzavirus) is a kind of epidemic disease, and it is zoonotic. It can be outbreaks and epidemics in the world. Its main host is aquatic poultry, and it can also infect mammals and humans.The losses caused by bird flu outbreaks, especially the economic losses, are incalculable, especially those caused by highly pathogenic H5 subtype avian influenza, which, once they occur, will deal a fatal blow to the aquaculture industry.So countries all over the world list avian flu as one of the diseases that must be reported.Since 2004, China has gradually attached importance to prevention and control.In China, H5 subtype infection in chickens is the most prevalent.In constant exploration and practice, the most effective and the most affordable way to prevent avian influenza is vaccine immunization.After immunization, the chicken population was tested for antibody in order to know the immune effect and the infection of the virus.These data will also provide data for future prevention and control support.In this study, hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition tests were used to detect and analyze the antibodies against H5 subtype influenza in chicken farms during the period from autumn 2014 to autumn 2016.According to the monitoring data, the annual qualified rate of avian influenza antibody surveillance is maintained at more than 90% annually, and it shows a good state of increasing year by year. Through the monitoring of antibodies from January to December 2016, it can be concluded that May and October are relatively high antibody months.The qualified rate of antibody detection reached 93% and 93 5% respectively, and remained above 85% in the whole year, and the antibody level of broiler chicken was lower than that of laying chicken by comparing the antibody level of egg type chicken and meat type chicken.In different types of farm households, it was found that the antibody level of breeding poultry farm scale households was scattered, while the monitoring key area was 1) the area of broiler breeding was concentrated: Ya Qian Xiang, Xia Bu Ji Xiang Gui 2) layer hens breeding intensive area: Wenjiao Town, the following is the following: 1) the density of broiler breeding: Ya Qian Xiang, Xia Bu Ji Xiang Gui 2)Quan Ling Xiang Li) Migratory Birds dense area: San Li Township, Meizhuang Town.The results showed that the antibody level in these regions was higher than the average pass rate of antibody, and the antibody level in the two villages and towns was the highest, reaching 94.5% and 93.8%, respectively.
【學位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S858.31

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