本文選題：禽網(wǎng)狀內(nèi)皮組織增生癥　切入點(diǎn)：大蒜素　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：禽網(wǎng)狀內(nèi)皮組織增生癥病毒(Reticuloendotheliosis virus,REV)是一種禽C型逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒,其癥狀包括生長遲緩、免疫抑制等,在世界范圍內(nèi)給家禽業(yè)造成了巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。但目前尚無針對(duì)其的疫苗產(chǎn)品。大蒜素是從大蒜提取的生物活性物質(zhì),已有研究顯示其具有抗菌、抗病毒、增強(qiáng)免疫功能的作用,在畜牧家禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè),醫(yī)藥領(lǐng)域都有應(yīng)用,且價(jià)格較低廉,無藥殘危害,因此本研究嘗試將大蒜素應(yīng)用于REV的防治,期望為治療病毒性免疫抑制疾病奠定基礎(chǔ)。本研究通過將REV人工感染SPF雞建立動(dòng)物模型后,研究日糧中添加大蒜素對(duì)感染雞的生長性能、免疫功能等的影響,為將大蒜素開發(fā)研制成新藥物打下基礎(chǔ)。實(shí)驗(yàn)共分兩個(gè)部分:1.REV感染動(dòng)物模型的建立。為確定合適的感染日齡,分別選擇3日齡(3d)、7日齡(7d)SPF雞接種REV,比較其生長性能、免疫器官指數(shù)、NDV和AIV疫苗的HI抗體效價(jià)、血常規(guī)、CD4+、CD8+淋巴細(xì)胞比率的差別。結(jié)果顯示,3d SPF雞和7d SPF雞感染REV后與對(duì)照組相比,均顯著抑制SPF雞的生長性能及對(duì)NDV和AIV-H9疫苗的免疫應(yīng)答水平(P0.05),但3d SPF雞感染REV后造成的死亡率(52.5%,21/40)要遠(yuǎn)高于7d SPF雞感染組(17.5%,7/40)和對(duì)照組,而7d SPF雞感染組死亡率與對(duì)照組相當(dāng)(17.5%,7/40)。結(jié)果表明,REV感染3d SPF雞和7d SPF雞后均造成顯著的生長和免疫抑制作用,但7日齡為建立REV感染SPF雞模型的更適合日齡。2.大蒜素對(duì)REV造成損傷的調(diào)控作用研究。設(shè)置5個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)組:對(duì)照組、REV感染組、REV感染后飼喂600mg/kg的大蒜素組(R-600D組)、1日齡飼喂300mg/kg的大蒜素組(300D-R-300D組)、REV感染后飼喂300mg/kg的大蒜素組(R-300D組),比較不同劑量大蒜素和起始飼喂時(shí)間對(duì)抗REV感染的作用,從而篩選最佳添加劑量和投喂時(shí)間。結(jié)果顯示,自5w時(shí),R-300D組體重開始回升,與對(duì)照組無差異,顯著高于REV、R-600D組(P0.05),而300D-R-300D組從6w開始與R-300D組組間無差異(P0.05);針對(duì)NDV、AIV-H9疫苗的免疫應(yīng)答,R-300D組從4w到6w NDV、AIV-H9抗體滴度均高于其它組,接近或高于對(duì)照組抗體水平,R-600D組和R-300D組組間無差異(P0.05)。本研究表明,SNV株REV能顯著抑制SPF雞的生長性能及免疫機(jī)能,7日齡SPF雞為建立REV感染模型的最佳日齡;日糧中添加大蒜素對(duì)REV造成的生長性能下降和免疫抑制的調(diào)控作用與添加劑量及飼喂時(shí)間相關(guān),7日齡SPF雞感染REV后日糧中添加300mg/kg大蒜素的實(shí)驗(yàn)組(R-300D組)顯著抑制了REV造成的生長性能下降及免疫抑制,調(diào)控效果好于高劑量組(R-600D組)及較早起始添加組(300D-R-300D組),對(duì)REV造成的生長性能下降及免疫抑制具有最好的調(diào)控作用。這提示在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中不必過高劑量或過早地添加,否則反而達(dá)不到最佳效果,并增加用藥成本。
[Abstract]:Avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (Reticuloendotheliosis virus) is a kind of avian retrovirus type C, whose symptoms include growth retardation, immunosuppression and so on, which has caused great economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide.But there are no vaccine products for it.Allicin is a bioactive substance extracted from garlic. It has been shown to have antimicrobial, antiviral and immune functions. It has been used in animal husbandry and poultry industry and medicine, and it is cheap and has no residual harm.The aim of this study is to apply allicin to the prevention and treatment of REV in order to lay a foundation for the treatment of viral immunosuppressive diseases.In this study, the effects of allicin on growth performance and immune function of infected SPF chickens were studied after SPF chickens were artificially infected with REV, so as to lay a foundation for the development of allicin as a new drug.The experiment was divided into two parts: 1. Establishment of animal model of Rev infection.In order to determine the appropriate age of infection, the chickens of 3 days old and 7 days old were inoculated with Rev respectively. The growth performance, the HI antibody titer of immune organ index and AIV vaccine and the ratio of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in blood routine were compared.The results showed that 3 d SPF chickens and 7 d SPF chickens infected with REV were compared with the control group.The results showed that both 3 d SPF and 7 d SPF infected with Rev caused significant growth and immunosuppressive effects, but 7 days of age were more suitable for the establishment of SPF chicken model of REV infection.Study on the effect of allicin on REV damage.Five experimental groups were set up: the control group was infected with Rev and fed with 600mg/kg after rev infection. The allicin group fed with 300mg/kg at the age of 1 day was fed with allicin 300 D-R-300D group after 300mg/kg infection. The different doses of allicin were compared with those of the initial feeding group.The effect of feeding time on REV infection,In order to screen the best amount of additives and feeding time.There was no difference between R-600D group and R-300D group.The results showed that REV could significantly inhibit the growth performance of SPF chickens and the immune function of 7-day-old SPF chickens was the best age to establish REV infection model.The effects of allicin supplementation on growth performance and immunosuppressive effect of REV in SPF chickens infected with REV were related to the amount of additive and feeding time. The experimental group (R-300D) fed with 300mg/kg allicin significantly inhibited the growth performance of SPF chickens infected with REV.The growth performance and immunosuppression caused by REV were decreased,The effect of regulation was better than that of high-dose group (R-600D) and the group of early addition of 300D-R-300D, which had the best effect on the decrease of growth performance and immunosuppression caused by REV.This suggests that it is not necessary to add too high dose or too early in practical application, otherwise, the best effect can not be achieved and the cost of medication is increased.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S858.31

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