本文選題：生物量　切入點：氣象因子　出處：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在全球變化與陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)關系的研究中,氣候和植被相關關系的研究具有非常重要的意義。本文利用不同植物地上生物量實地調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)以及氣象資料,研究內(nèi)蒙古錫林郭勒典型草原羊草+大針茅草地個體植物與環(huán)境因子的關系,探討氣象因子對植物地上生物量的影響,并探索其與氣象因子間的滯后效應以及對應時滯期。(1)采用隨機森林算法解析6種氣象因子與7種植物地上生物量之間的關系。結(jié)果表明:氣溫、相對濕度、降水這3種氣象因子對7種牧草地上生物量具有顯著正效應,即溫度較高、濕度較大,有利于促進牧草生物量累積。同時,由于植物個體差異,各類植物與不同氣候因子適應性亦存在差異。具體表現(xiàn)為氣候因子對羊草、大針茅以及羽茅生物量的影響力為:氣溫地溫濕度降水量蒸發(fā)量日照時數(shù);對米氏冰草為:氣溫濕度地溫降水量蒸發(fā)量日照時數(shù);對冷蒿而言,氣溫濕度降水量地溫蒸發(fā)量日照時數(shù);對黃囊苔草而言,地溫氣溫濕度降水量蒸發(fā)量日照時數(shù);對砂韭而言,氣溫降水量濕度地溫蒸發(fā)量日照時數(shù)。(2)利用灰色系統(tǒng)理論,對7種植物地上生物量與不同滯后時段氣象要素逐一進行灰色關聯(lián)分析,以尋找影響植物生物量變化的關鍵氣象因子以及生物量對氣候要素響應的時滯期。氣溫、地溫、降水量對牧草生物量總體影響較大,不同植物在完成其生長發(fā)育過程中對各環(huán)境因子的響應具有滯后效應,溫度、降水的響應時滯期變化比較明顯,且響應滯后期在年際間亦有所差異。(3)根據(jù)灰色模型理論,建立生物量與滯后氣象因子的多變量灰色時滯GM(1,N|τ)模型,分別對7種植物地上生物量進行模擬和比較,結(jié)果表明模型模擬出的生物量具有較高的擬合精度。7種植物每三年的生物量模擬值平均絕對誤差均小于20%,通過灰色模型精度檢驗標準,模型效果較好。同時也表明計算出的植物滯后響應時滯期可信度較高。
[Abstract]:In the study of the relationship between global change and terrestrial ecosystem, the study of the relationship between climate and vegetation is of great significance.Based on the field investigation data and meteorological data of different plant aboveground biomass, the relationship between individual plants and environmental factors in Leymus chinensis (Leymus chinensis) grassland in typical grassland of Xilinguole, Inner Mongolia, was studied in this paper.The effects of meteorological factors on aboveground biomass of plants were discussed, and the lag effect between meteorological factors and meteorological factors and the corresponding time lag time lag were explored.) the relationship between 6 meteorological factors and 7 kinds of plant aboveground biomass was analyzed by stochastic forest algorithm.The results showed that temperature, relative humidity and precipitation had significant positive effects on aboveground biomass of 7 species of forage, that is, higher temperature and higher humidity could promote the accumulation of forage biomass.At the same time, because of the individual difference of plants, the adaptability of different kinds of plants to different climatic factors is also different.The effects of climatic factors on the biomass of Leymus chinensis, Stipa grandis and Stipa pinnatifida are as follows: temperature, temperature, humidity, precipitation, evaporation, sunshine hours, temperature, humidity, ground temperature, precipitation, evaporation hours, and Artemisia annua.Air temperature and humidity precipitation sunshine hours, ground temperature evaporation hours for Carex sinensis, temperature temperature humidity precipitation evaporation hours, for leek, air temperature, humidity, ground temperature evaporation, sunshine hours, grey system theory,Grey correlation analysis was carried out one by one between the aboveground biomass of seven plants and meteorological elements in different lag periods in order to find out the key meteorological factors affecting the change of plant biomass and the time lag of biomass response to climatic elements.Air temperature, ground temperature and precipitation have a great effect on the biomass of forage. The response of different plants to various environmental factors in the process of growth and development has a lag effect, and the response time lag of temperature and precipitation is obvious.The response lag is also different from year to year. According to the grey model theory, a multivariable grey delay GM1N 蟿 model of biomass and lag meteorological factors is established, and the aboveground biomass of 7 species of plants is simulated and compared respectively.The results showed that the biomass simulated by the model had a high fitting accuracy. 7. The average absolute error of biomass simulation value of every three years was less than 20%, and the model effect was better through the test standard of grey model precision.At the same time, it also shows that the calculated plant lag response time delay reliability is higher.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S812

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本文編號：1719503