本文選題：奶羊　切入點：AA　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：依據(jù)反芻動物泌乳優(yōu)先保障的原理,當(dāng)一種必需氨基酸處于泌乳第一限制性位置時,其泌乳轉(zhuǎn)化效率最高。本課題通過真胃灌注缺失一種必需氨基酸的氨基酸混合溶液,依次使各必需氨基酸處于反芻動物泌乳過程的第一限制性狀態(tài),研究其在泌乳性能及乳腺氨基酸代謝方面上效應(yīng),從而獲得反芻動物泌乳代謝中理想氨基酸模式的研究方法。選用4只體況良好經(jīng)產(chǎn)莎能奶山羊,產(chǎn)乳量在1.5±0.25kg,體重在50±5kg,安裝真胃瘺管插管。采用兩組4×4拉丁方試驗設(shè)計。試驗羊飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧滿足維持的能量和蛋白需要,真胃連續(xù)24h灌注葡萄糖和氨基酸混合溶液以滿足泌乳的代謝能和代謝蛋白需要。灌注的混合氨基酸處理分別為TAA(含EAA和NEAA)、缺失Arg、缺失Thr或缺失His以及缺失Lys、缺失Met或缺失Leu的氨基酸混合物。觀察缺失氨基酸對泌乳代謝和乳腺氨基酸代謝方面的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:(1)真胃灌注混合氨基酸缺失Arg、缺失Thr以及缺失Lys、缺失Met或缺失Leu,血流量分別上升22.2%、20.6%、8.7%、11.2%和16.2%。(2)真胃灌注混合氨基酸缺失Arg、缺失Thr、缺失Lys、缺失Met或缺失Leu處理,缺失氨基酸的動脈濃度均明顯下降,對應(yīng)靜脈濃度也顯著下降,但是除缺失Leu處理對應(yīng)氨基酸的動靜脈濃度差顯著下降,乳腺吸收量有下降趨勢外,缺失氨基酸對動靜脈濃度差和乳腺吸收量影響不顯著,但乳腺清除率分別上升25.9%、199%、104.9%、151%和44%。對對應(yīng)氨基酸U:O值影響不顯著。(3)真胃灌注混合氨基酸除缺失Arg、缺失Thr或缺失His以及缺失Lys、缺失Met或缺失Leu,對乳腺泌乳性能影響不顯著,僅缺失Arg和Leu,使乳脂含量和產(chǎn)量有顯著上升。缺乏Leu和Thr,乳蛋白產(chǎn)量有下降的趨勢(4)真胃灌注混合氨基酸缺失Arg、缺失Thr、缺失Lys、缺失Met或缺失Leu處理,顯著提高了對應(yīng)氨基酸的乳腺泌乳效率。本試驗研究證明:乳蛋白合成和分泌對氨基酸灌注缺乏造成的動脈氨基酸濃度不平衡并不敏感,乳腺乳蛋白分泌在對氨基酸的吸收和轉(zhuǎn)運以及乳蛋白合成方面均具有很強(qiáng)的自身調(diào)節(jié)能力。
[Abstract]:According to the principle of ruminant's lactation priority, when an essential amino acid is in the first restricted position of lactation, its lactation conversion efficiency is the highest. In turn, the essential amino acids were placed in the first restrictive state in the lactation process of ruminants, and the effects of these amino acids on lactating performance and amino acid metabolism in mammary glands were studied. Thus, an ideal amino acid pattern in lactating metabolism of ruminants was obtained. The milk yield was 1.5 鹵0.25 kg and the body weight was 50 鹵5 kg. Two groups of 4 脳 4 Latin square test designs were used. The mixture of glucose and amino acid solution was perfused for 24 hours to meet the metabolic energy and metabolic protein needs of lactation. The mixed amino acids were TAA (containing EAA and NEA A), deletion of Arg, deletion of Thr or His, deletion of lys, deletion of His, respectively. Met or a mixture of amino acids lacking Leu. Effects of absent amino acids on lactating metabolism and amino acid metabolism in breast gland were observed. The results showed that the mixture of amino acids, Thr, Met, Met, or malondialdehyde (Met) were absent in eurogastric perfusion. The loss of Leu, the increase of blood flow (22.2g%) and the increase of blood flow (8.7g% and 16.2g%) were found in the true stomach. The mixture of amino acids was deficient in Arg, Thr, Lys, Met or Leu. The arterial concentration and the corresponding venous concentration of the missing amino acids decreased significantly, but in addition to the difference in the arteriovenous concentration of the corresponding amino acids in the absence of Leu, the absorption of mammary gland tended to decrease. The absence of amino acids had no significant effect on the difference of arteriovenous concentration and mammary absorption. However, the breast clearance rate increased by 25.9% and 44%, respectively. There was no significant effect on the corresponding amino acid U: O.) the mixed amino acids were not significantly affected by the addition of Arg, deletion of Thr or His, deletion of lys, deletion of Met or deletion of Leu, which had no significant effect on the lactating performance of mammary gland. The absence of Arg and Leu only increased the milk fat content and yield significantly, but in the absence of Leu and Thr, the milk protein yield tended to decrease. 4) the mixture of amino acid, Thr, Lys, Met or Leu were deleted in the true stomach. The results showed that the synthesis and secretion of milk protein were not sensitive to the imbalance of amino acid concentration caused by amino acid perfusion. Mammary milk protein secretion has strong self regulation ability in amino acid absorption and transport as well as milk protein synthesis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S827

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