發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-23 18:01

  本文選題：黃羽雞　切入點(diǎn)：GHR　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國地方雞品種多以黃羽雞為主,因其肉質(zhì)味美嫩滑,深受廣大消費(fèi)者的喜愛,近年來在國內(nèi)市場占有率逐年增加。國內(nèi)很多育種單位通過導(dǎo)入矮小型品種雞血統(tǒng)與我國地方品種雞雜交,培育出新的品種(系),這些新品種(系)通常具有基礎(chǔ)代謝率低、耗料量少、節(jié)約空間、適應(yīng)性和抗應(yīng)激強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。目前,對(duì)矮小雞的研究,多集中于雜交模式和矮小基因的挖掘,而很少有在我國地方黃羽雞種雞中進(jìn)行矮小基因篩查及相關(guān)的生產(chǎn)性能比較研究。本文采用PCR結(jié)合測序方法,對(duì)矮小黃羽雞GHR基因缺失位點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了檢測;用Logistic、Von Bertalanffy和Gompertz三種非線性生長模型對(duì)矮小黃羽雞0～12周齡體重變化進(jìn)行了擬合;對(duì)10周齡矮小黃羽公雞進(jìn)行了屠宰性能測定。主要結(jié)果如下:1.矮小黃羽雞的GHR基因與正常雞相比缺失1772bp,以GenBank:AC188373.3為參照缺失起始位點(diǎn)為216276→218047,GHR蛋白在胞內(nèi)區(qū)缺失了25個(gè)高度保守的氨基酸。2.Logistic、Gompertz、Von Bertalanffy三種曲線均能較好擬合矮小黃羽雞的體重增長過程,擬合度(R2)均在0.99以上,Gompertz模型擬合效果最佳(R20.994),Gompertz模型擬合的矮小公母雞的拐點(diǎn)周齡分別為6.091周和5.297周,拐點(diǎn)體重分別為396.120g和278.952g,極限體重分別為1076.767g和758.271g,公母雞的曲線方程分別為Y=1076.767e-3.381exp(-0.2000t)和Y=758.271e-3 090exp(-0.213t)。3.矮小公雞的屠體率、半凈膛率、翅膀率、胸肌率、腿肌率、均低于正常公雞,除屠體率外其他均未達(dá)到顯著水平(P0.05),矮小公雞的全凈膛率高于正常公雞,但也未達(dá)到顯著水平(P0.05)。矮小公雞的10周齡屠宰率和全凈膛率分別都超過了 80%和60%�？傊�,對(duì)矮小黃羽雞進(jìn)行生長曲線擬合分析,可以在動(dòng)態(tài)地了解矮小黃羽雞生長過程和預(yù)測生長趨勢的基礎(chǔ)上,糾正飼養(yǎng)管理中的失誤,加快育種進(jìn)程,通過屠宰性能測定可以衡量其產(chǎn)肉性能。
[Abstract]:Most of the local chicken breeds in our country are yellow feather chicken, because of its delicious and smooth meat, it is loved by the vast number of consumers. In recent years, the domestic market share has increased year by year. Many breeding units in China have bred new breeds (lines) by introducing dwarf breeds of chicken lineage and crossing with local breeds in China. These new varieties (lines) usually have low basal metabolic rate. At present, the research on the dwarf chicken is focused on the hybridization pattern and the excavation of the dwarf gene, so far, there are many advantages such as low fuel consumption, space saving, adaptability and stress resistance. In this paper, PCR combined with sequencing method was used to detect the deletion sites of GHR gene in the local yellow feather chickens in China. Three kinds of nonlinear growth models, Logistic-Von Bertalanffy and Gompertz, were used to fit the weight changes of 12 week old yellow chicken. The slaughter performance of 10-week-old dwarf yellow feather cock was determined. The main results are as follows: 1.The GHR gene of the dwarf yellow chicken is 1772bpcompared with that of the normal chicken, and the starting site of the deletion is 216276 using GenBank:AC188373.3 as the reference point. 鈫，

本文編號(hào)：1654559