本文選題：REV　切入點(diǎn)：ALV-J　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：J亞群禽白血病病毒(ALV-J)和禽網(wǎng)狀內(nèi)皮組織增生癥病毒(REV)均是可以引起雞體產(chǎn)生免疫抑制和腫瘤性疾病的反轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒。ALV-J首次于1988年發(fā)現(xiàn),能夠引起肉用型雞的肝脾腫大和器官表面腫瘤。在過(guò)去的十年里,ALV-J已經(jīng)給養(yǎng)禽業(yè)帶來(lái)了巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。前人研究發(fā)現(xiàn),雞群中多種腫瘤性病毒共感染的現(xiàn)象普遍存在,尤其是REV和ALV-J的共感染。本實(shí)驗(yàn)室經(jīng)過(guò)多年動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)觀(guān)察和總結(jié),發(fā)現(xiàn)多種免疫抑制病病毒的單獨(dú)感染和共感染能夠引起典型的心包炎和腹膜炎。禽大腸桿菌病既可以是雞的原發(fā)性疾病,又可能成為支原體和病毒感染以及其他環(huán)境因素的繼發(fā)性疾病,能造成雞群的高發(fā)病率和死亡率,高璐等人研究了低致病性禽流感與大腸桿菌的協(xié)同致病作用,發(fā)現(xiàn)MPAIV和E.coli之間在致病性上有協(xié)同作用,而這可能是由于MPAIV的感染導(dǎo)致雞群產(chǎn)生一定程度的免疫抑制,從而進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)了E.coli在體內(nèi)的定居和繁殖。本實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)ALV-J和REV共感染對(duì)肉雞的致病作用以及病毒繼發(fā)大腸桿菌的多樣性進(jìn)行了研究。1、ALV-J和REV共感染對(duì)肉雞致病性的研究本實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)研究了ALV-J和REV共感染對(duì)商品代肉雞的致病作用。選擇1日齡健康商品代羅斯308肉雞作為實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,將雛雞隨機(jī)的分為5個(gè)小組:REV單獨(dú)感染組、ALV-J單獨(dú)感染組、REV+ALV-J(大劑量組)、REV+ALV-J(小劑量組)和空白對(duì)照組。7日齡時(shí),所有雞只免疫新城疫(NDV)和禽流感(AIV-H9)疫苗各0.2ml。在免疫接種后第3、4和5周采集血清用于檢測(cè)雞體對(duì)于NDV和AIV-H9疫苗免疫后的抗體反應(yīng)水平。在42日齡時(shí),各組選取18只雞進(jìn)行剖殺,分別取其胸腺、脾臟和法氏囊進(jìn)行稱(chēng)重并計(jì)算免疫器官指數(shù)。飼養(yǎng)到第6周,記錄死亡率并對(duì)病死雞進(jìn)行剖檢。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,ALV-J和REV共感染組與單獨(dú)感染組相比,能夠引起更為顯著的生長(zhǎng)遲緩和免疫抑制(P0.05),免疫抑制主要體現(xiàn)在共感染組中顯著降低的胸腺指數(shù)和法氏囊指數(shù)以及顯著降低的對(duì)NDV和AIV-H9疫苗的抗體反應(yīng)水平(P0.05)。而關(guān)于病毒感染繼發(fā)的大腸桿菌情況發(fā)現(xiàn),共感染組繼發(fā)大腸桿菌的死亡率明顯高于其他各組(P0.05)。以上結(jié)果表明,ALV-J和REV的共感染對(duì)商品代肉雞具有協(xié)同致病作用。2、免疫抑制性病毒共感染繼發(fā)大腸桿菌的多樣性研究為了解免疫抑制性病毒感染肉雞群后繼發(fā)大腸桿菌的血清型及其耐藥性的多樣性,本研究對(duì)兩次ALV-J和REV共感染肉雞的重復(fù)試驗(yàn)中剖檢發(fā)現(xiàn)有典型的肝周炎和心包炎的雞,應(yīng)用麥康凱培養(yǎng)基進(jìn)行細(xì)菌分離培養(yǎng)。每個(gè)炎變臟器各隨機(jī)挑取5個(gè)紅色菌落或(及)白色菌落,并分別進(jìn)行生化試驗(yàn)、血清型鑒定和藥敏實(shí)驗(yàn)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,從58只呈現(xiàn)典型肝周炎或(和)心包炎的死亡雞中分離到的516個(gè)菌落,經(jīng)常規(guī)生化鑒定均為大腸桿菌。O抗原血清型鑒定結(jié)果顯示,這516個(gè)大腸桿菌屬于12種不同的血清型。來(lái)自同一病雞、同一臟器且經(jīng)鑒定為同一血清型的5個(gè)菌落定義為一組菌落,從516個(gè)大腸桿菌中挑選的17組進(jìn)行試管藥敏試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明,第3組的5個(gè)菌落對(duì)粘桿菌素的最小抑菌濃度的范圍為0.05 mg/ml-51.20 mg/ml;第17組菌落對(duì)丁胺卡那的最小抑菌濃度從0.05 mg/ml到51.20 mg/ml,均相差1000倍。綜上結(jié)果說(shuō)明病毒誘發(fā)的肝周炎和心包炎中分離到的大腸桿菌在血清型和耐藥性方面都存在著高度多樣性。
[Abstract]:Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) and Avian Reticuloendotheliosis Virus (REV) is the chicken can cause immune suppression and tumor disease retrovirus.ALV-J was first discovered in 1988, meat type chickens can cause hepatosplenomegaly and organ surface tumor. In the past ten years, ALV-J has been. The poultry industry has brought huge economic losses. Previous studies found that widespread tumor virus co infection of chickens in the phenomenon, especially the co infection of REV and ALV-J. The animal experiment laboratory after years of observation and summary, found that a variety of immunosuppressive disease virus infection and co infection can cause typical pericarditis and peritonitis. Avian colibacillosis can be chicken primary disease, and may become a secondary disease of Mycoplasma and viral infections and other environmental factors, can cause high incidence of chickens And death rates, Gao Lu et al studied the synergistic effects of low pathogenic avian influenza and Escherichia coli, found between MPAIV and E.coli in pathogenicity have a synergistic effect, which may be due to MPAIV infection in chickens immune have a certain degree of inhibition, so as to promote the E.coli in vivo colonization and reproduction. The experiments of ALV-J and REV co infection diversity of pathogenic effects on Broilers and secondary virus in Escherichia coli was studied by.1, ALV-J and REV co infection of pathogenic effects on broiler pathogenic the experimental system of ALV-J and REV co infection of broiler chickens. The choice of Ross 308 broilers were used as experimental the 1 day old health goods, will chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups: REV infected group and ALV-J infected group, REV+ALV-J (high dose group), REV+ALV-J (low dose group) and blank control group at.7 days of age, the Some chickens were immunized with Newcastle disease (NDV) and avian influenza (AIV-H9) vaccine immunization in 0.2ml. 3,4 and 5 weeks after collection of serum for detection of chicken for antibody response levels of NDV and AIV-H9 after vaccination. At the age of 42 days, each group selected 18 chickens were killed, were taken from the chest gland, spleen and bursa were weighed and calculated the index of immune organs. Feeding to sixth weeks, and mortality was recorded on autopsy of dead chickens. The test results show that the ALV-J and REV co infection group and infected group compared to lead to growth retardation and immunity significantly inhibited (P0.05), the main immune suppression reflected in the co infection of thymus and bursa index were significantly reduced and a significant reduction of NDV and AIV-H9 vaccine antibody response level (P0.05). A virus infection of Escherichia coli of secondary infection group were found secondary mortality of Escherichia coli Was significantly higher than other groups (P0.05). These results indicate that ALV-J and REV co infection of broiler chickens has synergistic effects of.2, inhibit the immune diversity of secondary infection of Escherichia coli in order to understand the immune suppression infection and antibiotic resistance of broilers serum after secondary Escherichia coli diversity of viral virus, have typical perihepatitis, pericarditis chickens found repeated tests in this study were infected chickens for two times ALV-J and REV in the application of Makanke medium for bacterial culture. Each inflammatory organ each randomly selected 5 red colonies or (and) white colonies were biochemical test, serotype identification and the drug sensitivity test. Test results show that from 58 typical parahepatitis or (and) 516 colonies isolated from dead chickens in pericarditis, conventional biochemical identification for Escherichia coli.O antigen serotype identification The results showed that 516 Escherichia coli belonging to 12 different serotypes. From the same disease of chicken, the same organ and identified 5 colonies were defined as the same serotype as a group of colonies, 17 groups of in vitro drug sensitivity test, selected from 516 Escherichia coli. The results showed that 5 a colony of third groups of minimal inhibitory concentration of colistin in the range of 0.05 mg/ml-51.20 mg/ml; seventeenth groups of colonies that butylamine card minimum inhibitory concentration from 0.05 mg/ml to 51.20 mg/ml, are 1000 times the difference. These results illustrate the isolated virus induced pericarditis and perihepatitis in Escherichia coli is highly diversity the serum type and drug resistance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S858.31

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