本文選題：屠宰生豬　切入點：肺臟病變　出處：《山東農業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國大多數豬場正遭受著越來越嚴重的呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病的困擾,在多種非生物性致病因素誘發(fā)或協(xié)同作用下由多種病原微生物混合感染引起的豬呼吸道綜合征(PRDC)的比例在逐年升高,豬呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病已成為嚴重危害生豬尤其是保育-育肥豬健康生長的最重要因素,給我國養(yǎng)豬業(yè)帶來了嚴重的經濟損失。豬呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病常造成難以修復的器質性病變,通過對屠宰生豬肺臟病變的檢測評估,可以了解生豬宰前肺臟的健康狀況、曾患疾病及嚴重程度,并對感染病原進行檢測分析,進而掌握豬群呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病的發(fā)生和流行狀況,便于對調查豬群或區(qū)域內生豬呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病進行回顧性診斷,并提出針對性的防控措施。為了解泰安及其周邊地區(qū)中小規(guī)模豬場屠宰生豬的肺臟及胸膜病變和PRRSV的感染狀況,對來自該區(qū)域屠宰生豬的肺臟進行圖像采集和眼觀病變評估打分,結合組織病理學檢查,對屠宰生豬肺臟及胸膜病變進行系統(tǒng)的分類和統(tǒng)計分析,并比較不同規(guī)模及不同飼養(yǎng)模式下(外購仔豬育肥場、低于100頭母豬和100頭母豬以上自繁自養(yǎng)場)出欄生豬的肺臟健康狀況。另外,對肺炎病變明顯的肺組織及其肺門淋巴結進行PRRSV檢測,以了解泰安及其周邊地區(qū)屠宰生豬群PRRSV的感染帶毒狀況。2014年10-12月份于泰安某規(guī)�；i屠宰場進行了肺臟及胸膜健康狀況檢測評估及采樣,共檢測評估了外購仔豬育肥場(A)、小于100頭母豬規(guī)模的自繁自養(yǎng)場(B)和100-300頭母豬的自繁自養(yǎng)場(C)三種類型豬場的15個生豬群、750頭生豬肺臟,采集了具有明顯肺炎病變的肺臟和肺門淋巴結組織樣品75份。研究結果表明:513個肺臟具有明顯病變,病變檢出率高達68.4%(513/750),各肺臟平均病變等級為2.54。在513個病變肺臟中,單一性病變的占26.7%(137/513),兩種及兩種以上病變的占73.3%(376/513);三種類型豬場(A,B,C)生豬肺臟病變檢出率分別為77.2%(193/250)、65.2%(163/250)和62.8%(157/250);肺臟病變的類型主要有各種類型的肺炎、出血、淤血、水腫、氣腫等,其中以肺炎病變比例最高,達53.4%(274/513),其次為肺出血、淤血,病變比例為32.8%(168/513),肺氣腫病變比例為11.3%(58/513)。利用屠宰豬胸膜炎評估系統(tǒng)(SPES)對750頭生豬胸膜病變進行了量化評估,結果表明:胸膜炎檢出率高達48.7%,三種類型豬場胸膜炎發(fā)生比例及平均等級分別為56.0%、1.02,46.4%、0.81,43.6%、0.64。研究結果表明,絕大多數屠宰生豬的肺臟具有明顯病變,病變比例最高的為各種類型的肺炎,其中以間質性肺炎最為常見,另外,肺臟病變兼有胸膜炎的發(fā)生亦較為普遍;外購仔豬育肥場肺臟病變較自繁自養(yǎng)場嚴重,不同規(guī)模自繁自養(yǎng)場的生豬肺臟病變程度差異不大。通過RT-PCR方法檢測75份組織樣品PRRSV的感染狀況,并采用免疫組織化學方法對相應的肺組織進行免疫組織化學檢測。9份病料呈PRRSV檢測陽性,陽性率為12.0%(9/75),對應肺臟組織的免疫組織化學檢測均呈陽性反應。RT-PCR產物經膠回收、連接、轉化,測序,結果表明,9個PRRSV分離株與TJ、HuN、JXA1等參考株處于同一分支,屬于同一亞群,親緣關系較近;Nsp2高變區(qū)基因推導的氨基酸序列比較結果表明,9個分離株均存在30個氨基酸的缺失,另外,部分分離株在其它個別位點亦出現了突變。PRRSV在不斷的變異和演化,其在一定時期內仍是嚴重制約我國養(yǎng)豬業(yè)健康發(fā)展的頭號疫病。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the majority of farms in our country are suffering more and more serious respiratory diseases, to induce a variety of non biological pathogenic factors or synergistic effects by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms caused by combined infection of porcine respiratory syndrome (PRDC) in the proportion increased year by year, porcine respiratory disease has become a serious threat to the pig especially conservation education - the most important factor of the healthy growth of pigs, caused serious economic losses to the swine industry in China. Swine respiratory diseases often cause organic lesions difficult to repair, the detection and evaluation of slaughtered pig lung lesions, can understand the health status of pre slaughter pig lung, suffered from disease and severity, and the infection pathogen detection and analysis, and then grasp the swine respiratory disease occurrence and epidemic situation, in order to investigate herd or area respiratory disease of pigs in the past The diagnosis, and put forward the corresponding prevention and control measures. To understand the infection status of Tai'an and its surrounding areas of small and medium scale pig farm pig slaughter of lung and pleural lesions and PRRSV, from the area of slaughtering pigs lung image acquisition and eye view lesion scoring, combined with pathological examination, classification and statistical analysis system the slaughtered pig lung and pleural lesions, and compare the different scale and different feeding mode (purchased piglets feedlot, more than 100 sows and 100 sows Farrow field) slaughter pigs lung health. In addition, the detection of PRRSV pneumonia lesions of lung tissue and pulmonary hilar lymph nodes. In order to understand the slaughter of Tai'an and the surrounding area of PRRSV virus infection among students in.2014 years 10-12 months in Tai'an in a large-scale pig slaughterhouse of lung and pleural health inspection Evaluation and sampling, detection and evaluation were purchased piglet fattening farm (A), less than 100 sows Farrow field scale (B) and 100-300 sows Farrow field (C) of 15 students among three types of farms, 750 pig lungs were collected with obvious pneumonia lesions of the lung hilar lymph nodes and 75 tissue samples. The results show that: 513 lung lesions have obvious lesions, the detection rate of 68.4% (513/750), the average grade of 2.54. lung lesions in 513 lesions in the lung, single lesions accounted for 26.7% (137/513), two and above two of the lesions 73.3% (376/513); three types of farms (A, B, C) of pig lung lesions were detected in 77.2% (193/250), 65.2% (163/250) and 62.8% (157/250); the type of lung lesions are mainly various types of pneumonia, hemorrhage, congestion, edema, emphysema and pneumonia, with the highest proportion of lesions 53.4% (274/513). Secondly, pulmonary hemorrhage, congestion, lesions accounted for 32.8% (168/513), emphysema lesion accounted for 11.3% (58/513). The pig slaughter assessment system (SPES) of pleurisy in 750 pigs pleural lesions was assessed. The results show that the pleurisy detection rate as high as 48.7%, three types of farms and the average incidence rate of pleurisy grades were 56%, 1.02,46.4%, 0.81,43.6%, 0.64. results show that the vast majority of slaughtered pig lung lesions have obvious lesions, the highest proportion of various types of pneumonia, with interstitial pneumonia is the most common, in addition, the occurrence of lung lesions with pleurisy is also common; outsourcing of fattening pigs lung lesions than from the field Farrow serious, since the degree of difference between the different scale pig lung lesions Farrow field. Through the RT-PCR method for the detection of 75 samples of PRRSV infection, and using immunohistochemistry Methods immunohistochemical detection of.9 disease of the corresponding lung tissue material was PRRSV positive, the positive rate was 12% (9/75), immunohistochemical detection of corresponding lung tissue showed.RT-PCR positive reaction product by gel extraction, connection, transformation, sequencing results showed that 9 isolates of PRRSV and TJ. HuN, JXA1 and other reference strains in the same branch, belong to the same subgroup, with close genetic relationship; the amino acid sequence of the hypervariable region of Nsp2 gene is missing, the comparison results show that the 9 strains there were 30 amino acids in some isolates in other individual loci also appeared in mutation and.PRRSV mutation evolutionary, it is still in a certain period of time seriously restrict the healthy development of pig industry in China's top blight.

【學位授予單位】：山東農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S858.28

【引證文獻】

相關會議論文 前1條

1 萬遂如;;規(guī)�；i場呼吸道疾病綜合征的防制[A];2004東北養(yǎng)豬研究會學術年會論文集[C];2004年

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本文編號：1597926