本文選題：NGB基因　切入點：外顯子　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：為研究甘肅河西走廊地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群NGB基因外顯子的遺傳多態(tài)性,本試驗采用PCR-SSCP方法檢測了甘肅河西5個地區(qū)283頭西門塔爾牛雜交類群NGB基因4個外顯子和部分內(nèi)含子擴增區(qū)段的遺傳多態(tài)性,得到如下結(jié)果:1、P1擴增片段包含外顯子1和部分內(nèi)含子,共存在5種基因型(AA、AB、BB、CC、AC)和3個突變,僅2個突變落在外顯子上。其中,第133bp C→G的突變使亮氨酸變成纈氨酸(Leu→Val)。在此突變上,僅甘州和高臺地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群屬于Hardy-Weinberg均衡,為中度多態(tài);臨澤、金昌和武威地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群不處于均衡且為低度多態(tài)。2、P2擴增片段包含外顯子2和部分內(nèi)含子,僅存在AB一種基因型和第102bp的G→T突變,但此突變落在內(nèi)含子上。3、P3擴增片段包含外顯子3和部分內(nèi)含子,共存在5種基因型(AA、AB、AC、AD、AE)和6個突變,其中僅4個突變落于外顯子上。其中,第214bp G→A的突變使甘氨酸變成絲氨酸(Gly→Ser),第232bp C→T的突變使精氨酸變成色氨酸(Arg→Trp),第233bp G→A的突變使精氨酸變成谷氨酰胺(Arg→Gln),第128bp G→A的突變沒有使氨基酸發(fā)生改變。在此突變上,5個地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群均屬于Hardy-Weinberg平衡且均為低度多態(tài)。4、P4擴增片段包含外顯子4和部分內(nèi)含子,共存在6種基因型(AA、BB、AB、AC、AD、AE)和5個突變,其中僅1個突變落在外顯子上。即第207bp C→T的突變未使氨基酸發(fā)生變化。在此突變上,武威和金昌地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群屬于Hardy-Weinberg均衡,臨澤、甘州和高臺地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群則不處于均衡,但5個地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群均為中度多態(tài)。5、西門塔爾牛雜交類群NGB基因序列與牦牛和綿羊具有很高的相似性,在進化樹中距離最近,其形成的進化樹與生物進化形成的物種樹大體相同,推測NGB基因在物種之間較保守,且具有極其相似的生物學(xué)作用。本試驗對河西不同地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群NGB基因4個外顯子的擴增片段進行了比較研究,為研究不同地區(qū)西門塔爾牛雜交類群NGB基因之間的差異奠定了基礎(chǔ),且為揭示西門塔爾牛雜交類群NGB基因的遺傳變異規(guī)律提供了一定的理論依據(jù),對于探討NGB基因在缺氧缺血疾病中的生理機制具有一定的理論和實踐意義。
[Abstract]:To study the genetic polymorphism of NGB gene exon in Simmental cattle hybrid group in Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, China. The genetic polymorphisms of four exons and some intron amplification regions of NGB gene in 283 Simmental cattle hybrids in five areas of Hexi Gansu Province were detected by PCR-SSCP method. The results are as follows: the amplified fragment contains exon 1 and some introns, and there are five genotypes (AAAAAABBBBBCCACC) and three mutations, and only 2 mutations fall on the exon. Among them, 133bp C. 鈫扜 mutation turns leucine into valine Leu. 鈫捍n this mutation, only the cross group of Simmental cattle in Ganzhou and Gaotai area belongs to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which is moderately polymorphic. The cross group of Simmental cattle in Jinchang and Wuwei areas is not balanced and is low polymorphic. 2P 2 amplified fragment contains exon 2 and part intron. There is only one AB genotype and 102bp G. 鈫扵 mutation, but this mutation falls on the intron. 3P3-amplified fragment contains exon 3 and part intron. There are 5 genotypes, AAAAAABA AAC AEE) and 6 mutations, of which only 4 are on exon. Among them, 214bp G. 鈫扐 mutation turns glycine into serine gly. 鈫扴erine, 232bp C. 鈫扵 mutation turns arginine into tryptophan Arg. 鈫扵rpfus, 233bp G. 鈫扐 mutation turns arginine into glutamine Arg. 鈫扜lnus, 128bp G. 鈫扵he mutation of A did not change the amino acid. In this mutation, the hybridization groups of Simmental cattle in the five regions all belong to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and are all low degree polymorphic. 4P4 amplified fragments contain exon 4 and some introns. There were 6 genotypes (AAAABBB) and 5 mutations, of which only 1 mutation fell on the exon. That is, 207bp. 鈫扵he mutation of T did not change the amino acid. In this mutation, the cross group of Simmental cattle in Wuwei and Jinchang area belongs to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, but the cross group of Simmental cattle in Linze, Ganzhou and Gaotai is not balanced. However, the NGB gene sequence of Simmental cattle cross group was highly similar to that of yak and sheep, and had the closest distance in the evolutionary tree, but the cross group of Simmental cattle were all moderately polymorphic, and the NGB gene sequence of Simmental cattle cross group was similar to that of yak and sheep. The phylogenetic tree formed by the phylogenetic tree is roughly the same as the species tree formed by biological evolution. It is assumed that the NGB gene is more conserved between species. The amplification of NGB gene exons of Simmental cattle hybrids in different areas of Hexi was studied. It lays a foundation for the study of the difference of NGB gene among the hybrids of Simmental cattle in different regions, and provides a theoretical basis for revealing the genetic variation of the NGB gene in the hybrid group of Simmental cattle. It is of theoretical and practical significance to study the physiological mechanism of NGB gene in hypoxic-ischemic diseases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S823

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