本文選題：荒漠草原　切入點：短花針茅　出處：《草業(yè)科學(xué)》2017年07期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：為了探討氣候變化對荒漠草原土壤真菌群落結(jié)構(gòu)和多樣性的影響,進而更有效地管理草原,在內(nèi)蒙古短花針茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草原進行遠紅外線輻射器模擬增溫和人工施肥模擬增氮試驗。經(jīng)過6年的連續(xù)模擬試驗后,采用稀釋平板涂布法結(jié)合18SrRNA分子鑒定技術(shù),對試驗地土壤可培養(yǎng)真菌群落的組成和多樣性進行分析。結(jié)果表明,1)從內(nèi)蒙古短花針茅荒漠草原土壤中共分離獲得17個屬的可培養(yǎng)真菌;2)模擬增氮不增溫、增溫增氮處理均使可培養(yǎng)真菌的菌落數(shù)顯著增加(P0.05),分別由不增氮不增溫的菌落數(shù)6.70×105 CFU·g~(-1)升高到1.45×106和1.92×106 CFU·g~(-1),但二者間差異不顯著(P0.05);3)增氮不增溫、增溫增氮處理的群落組成和優(yōu)勢屬發(fā)生了改變,在增氮不增溫處理中的優(yōu)勢菌屬為鐮刀菌屬(Fusarium)、交鏈孢霉屬(Alternaria)和假裸囊菌屬(Pseudogymnoascus);增溫增氮處理的優(yōu)勢菌屬為青霉屬(Penicillium)和曲霉屬(Aspergillus)、鐮刀菌屬、交鏈孢霉屬和Chromocleista;4)與其它兩個處理相比,增氮不增溫處理顯著提高了荒漠草原可培養(yǎng)真菌的物種豐富度、均勻度和多樣性。增溫增氮對群落內(nèi)物種豐富度、均勻度和多樣性均沒有顯著影響。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the effects of climate change on the structure and diversity of soil fungal communities in desert steppe, In Inner Mongolia Stipa breviflora desert steppe, the experiments of simulated temperature increase by far infrared radiator and simulated nitrogen increase by artificial fertilization were carried out. After 6 years of continuous simulation experiments, dilution plate coating method and 18s rRNA molecular identification technique were used. The composition and diversity of culturable fungal communities in the soil of the experimental plot were analyzed. The results showed that 1) 17 genera of culturable fungi were isolated from the desert steppe of Stipa breviflora in Inner Mongolia. The colony number of cultured fungi increased significantly from 6.70 脳 10 ~ 5 CFU 路g ~ (-1) to 1.45 脳 10 ~ 6 CFU 路g ~ (-1) and 1.92 脳 10 ~ 6 CFU 路GG ~ (-1) respectively, but the difference between them was not significant (P0.053). The community composition and dominant genus of the treatment were changed. The dominant bacteria in nitrogen treatment were Fusarium, Alternaria and Pseudogymnoascusa, and Penicillium and Aspergillus, Fusarium and Chromocleista4), compared with the other two treatments, the dominant bacteria for nitrogen treatment were Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria and Chromocleista4), respectively, compared with the other two treatments, the dominant bacteria for nitrogen treatment were Penicillium and Aspergillus, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria and Chromocleista4). The species richness, evenness and diversity of culturable fungi in desert steppe were significantly increased by non-warming treatment, but the species richness, evenness and diversity in the community were not significantly affected by the warming and nitrogen treatment.
【作者單位】： 天津師范大學(xué)天津市水資源與水環(huán)境重點實驗室;天津師范大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院;內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)草原與資源環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(31500365;31100330;31270502) 天津市自然科學(xué)基金資助項目(2JCYBJC19700) 天津市科技支撐資助項目(15ZCZDSF00410)
【分類號】：S812.2

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