本文關(guān)鍵詞： 哺乳母豬 體重?fù)p失 血液生化 激素水平 繁殖性能　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本論文主要是研究美系大白母豬在泌乳期不同程度體重?fù)p失下對(duì)繁殖性能的影響,同時(shí)研究哺乳母豬體內(nèi)激素水平的變化規(guī)律,探討哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失對(duì)繁殖性能影響的相關(guān)機(jī)制,以期為提高種豬生產(chǎn)管理水平和繁殖性能提供理論基礎(chǔ)。(1)根據(jù)40頭哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失程度分4個(gè)組,分別是體增重組D(體重增重比0～5%,n=8頭)、輕度體重?fù)p失組L(體重?fù)p失比0～5%,n=12頭)、中度體重?fù)p失組M(體重?fù)p失比5%～10%,n=11頭)、高度體重?fù)p失組H(體重?fù)p失比10%以上,n=9頭)。對(duì)繁殖性能指標(biāo)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：本胎次方面,體重?fù)p失與背膘損耗呈一定的正相關(guān)性：斷奶活仔率和斷奶活仔數(shù)均隨著體重?fù)p失程度增加呈降低趨勢(shì),D組斷奶活仔率顯著高于H組(P0.05)；各組間斷奶活仔數(shù)無顯著差異(P0.05),但有降低趨勢(shì)；當(dāng)體重?fù)p失小于10%范圍內(nèi),仔豬日增重、斷奶仔重和斷奶窩重隨體重?fù)p失程度增加而有所增加,當(dāng)體重?fù)p失大于10%時(shí)則降低。哺乳期各組間仔豬日增重差異不顯著(P0.05)；D和L組斷奶仔豬重顯著低于M組(P0.05)；L和M組斷奶窩重顯著大于D和H組(P0.05)。下一胎次方面,哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失程度增加可延長(zhǎng)斷奶-發(fā)情間隔(WEI),及降低7天內(nèi)發(fā)情率和受胎率。初生仔數(shù)、初生活仔率和初生窩重方面均隨體重?fù)p失程度增加呈降低趨勢(shì),各組間初生仔數(shù)和初生窩重?zé)o顯著差異(P0.05), D和L組初生活仔率顯著高于M和H組(P0.05)。以上結(jié)果表明：哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失小于5%時(shí)繁殖性能較好,在5%-10%范圍會(huì)有所降低,當(dāng)大于10%時(shí)繁殖性能較差。(2)在分娩前三天、產(chǎn)后一周和斷奶時(shí)三個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)對(duì)試驗(yàn)?zāi)肛i空腹采血,測(cè)定血清生化指標(biāo)、代謝激素和生殖激素的水平變化。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：哺乳母豬各體重?fù)p失組在分娩前血清各激素濃度水平較接近,無顯著性差異(P0.05),但從分娩前到產(chǎn)后一周再到斷奶時(shí)呈現(xiàn)不同的升降變化：生化指標(biāo)方面：血清Glu和FFA水平均先降后升。哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失程度大則斷奶時(shí)：Glu濃度低,回升幅度小,D組濃度顯著高于H組(P0.05)；FFA濃度高,回升幅度大,但各組間差異不顯著(P0.05)。代謝激素方面：血清Insulin水平先升后降,Leptin水平先降后升,而GH和IGF-I水平均一直下降。乳母豬體重?fù)p失程度大則斷奶時(shí)：血清Insulin和IGF-I濃度低,下降幅度大；Leptin濃度低,回升幅度��；GH濃度高,下降幅度小。斷奶時(shí)D與L組血清Lepin和IGF-I濃度均顯著高于H組(P0.05),D組血清Insulin濃度顯著高于H組(P0.05),而各組間GH無顯著差異(P0.05)。生殖激素方面：血清FSH、E2和P4水平均先降后升,而LH水平則一直升高。哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失程度大則斷奶時(shí)：血清FSH、LH和E2濃度低,回升幅度�。籔4濃度高,回升幅度大。斷奶時(shí)各組間P4濃度無顯著差異(P0.05), D與L組血清FSH、LH和E2濃度均顯著高于H組(P0.05)。以上結(jié)果表明：隨著哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失程度增大,斷奶時(shí)促卵泡素、促黃體素、雌激素和孕激素等生殖激素的分泌和釋放受影響,這將影響卵泡的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,使母豬的繁殖性能受影響。而隨著哺乳母豬體重?fù)p失程度增大,斷奶時(shí)血清中血糖、胰島素、瘦素和類胰島素生長(zhǎng)因子-I濃度會(huì)逐漸降低,而游離脂肪酸和生長(zhǎng)激素濃度則逐漸升高,這些激素的變化規(guī)律是否對(duì)生殖激素的分泌和釋放有間接或直接的影響還有待進(jìn)一步的研究。
[Abstract]:This paper is mainly studied the United States Department of Large White Sows during lactation on reproductive performance in different degrees of weight loss, changes and research level of lactation hormones, mechanism of effect of lactation weight loss on reproductive performance, in order to improve the management level for pig production and reproduction performance and provide a theoretical basis. (1) according to the degree of weight loss of 40 sows were divided into 4 groups, respectively is the increase of recombinant D (weight gain ratio from 0 to 5%, n=8), group L (mild weight loss weight loss ratio of 0 to 5%, n=12), moderate weight loss group (weight loss ratio of 5% ~ M 10%, n=11 head), group H (height weight loss weight loss of more than 10%, n=9 head). On the reproductive performance indicators for statistical analysis, the results showed that: the parity, body weight loss was positively correlated with backfat loss: weaned litter rate and weaning litters with Weight loss degree decreased, group D weaned litter was significantly higher than that of H group (P0.05); there were no significant difference between the number of live piglets weaned (P0.05), but decreased; when the weight loss is less than 10% within the range of weight gain of piglets, weaned weight and weaning weight with weight loss to increase the degree of increase, when the weight loss is greater than 10% is lower. Lactation piglets daily gain was not significantly different (P0.05); D group and L group were weaned piglets weight was significantly lower than that of M group (P0.05); L M group and weaning weight were significantly higher than that of D and H group (P0.05). The next parity hand, lactation weight loss increased can prolong weaning to estrus interval (WEI), and reduce the estrus rate and pregnancy rate within 7 days. The number of newborn, early life and birth offspring rate decreased weight with weight loss increased, the number of newborn pups and litter weight had no significant difference between groups (P0.05), D and L group at the beginning of life offspring was significantly higher than M and H group (P0.05). The above results show that better reproductive performance of lactating sow weight loss is less than 5%, it will decrease in the range of 5%-10%, when the poor performance of reproduction is greater than 10%. (2) in the three days before delivery, postpartum a week and weaned at three a time to sow fasting blood test, serum biochemical indexes, metabolic hormone and reproductive hormone levels. The results showed that: the weight loss of lactating sows serum before delivery of each hormone concentration level is close to that of no significant difference (P0.05), but from the birth to postpartum a week before weaning to the changes of different biochemical indexes: serum Glu and FFA levels were decreased first and then increased. The degree of weight loss during lactation is at weaning: the concentration of Glu is low, the recovery rate is small, the D group was significantly higher than that of H group (P0.05); high concentration of FFA, increase , but there was no significant difference between the groups (P0.05). The metabolism of hormones: the level of serum Insulin decreased, Leptin levels rise after the first drop, while GH and IGF-I have been decreased. The average water loss is nurse pig weight at weaning: serum Insulin and IGF-I concentration is low, greatly reduced; the concentration of Leptin is low, the recovery rate is small; the high concentration of GH, a small decrease of D and L groups at weaning. Serum Lepin and IGF-I concentrations were significantly higher than those in group H (P0.05), the concentration of serum Insulin in D group was significantly higher than that of H group (P0.05), but no significant difference between the groups of GH (P0.05). The reproductive hormone: serum FSH, E2 and the level of P4 were first decreased and then increased, while the level of LH was increased. The weight loss of lactating sows is weaned: serum FSH, LH and E2 concentration is low, the recovery rate is small; the high concentration of P4, the recovery rate of weaning among groups. The concentration of P4 had no significant difference (P0.05), D and L group serum FSH, LH and E2 concentration Were significantly higher than H group (P0.05). The above results showed that the weight loss increased with lactation, weaning follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, reproductive hormones such as estrogen and progesterone secretion and release affected, which will affect the growth of follicles, the reproductive performance of sows and suckling sows with affected. The weight loss increased at weaning in serum glucose, insulin, leptin and insulin-like growth factor -I concentration will be gradually reduced, and free fatty acids and growth hormone concentration increased. The changes of these hormones on reproductive hormone secretion and release of further research on the influence of indirect or direct needs.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828

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