本文關(guān)鍵詞： 水通道蛋白 雙峰駝 肺 免疫組化　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：眾所周知,水分乃生命體的重要構(gòu)成,系生命體存活的基本條件,是生命體最依賴的代謝資源。而長(zhǎng)期生活在干旱、沙漠化以及極其缺水的惡劣環(huán)境中的雙峰駝,卻展現(xiàn)出極佳的環(huán)境適應(yīng)性,研究表明,在長(zhǎng)期的進(jìn)化過(guò)程中,雙峰駝形成了許多不同于其它動(dòng)物的生理特性,且正因這些獨(dú)特的生理特性,給予其對(duì)沙漠化缺水環(huán)境的超強(qiáng)適應(yīng)力,在這些獨(dú)特生理特性中,其中呼吸系統(tǒng)中的水分代謝、表面活性物質(zhì)分泌以及干冷氣體加溫、加濕等生理過(guò)程對(duì)其生存適應(yīng)尤為重要。目的：研究雙峰駝呼吸道形態(tài)學(xué)特征以及水通道蛋白(AQPs)在其肺中的表達(dá)情況,探討雙峰駝適應(yīng)極干旱荒漠環(huán)境的呼吸生理機(jī)制,以便為更深入地探討雙峰駝為何能如此好的適應(yīng)極干旱缺水的極惡劣環(huán)境,提供相關(guān)的呼吸生理代謝機(jī)制的形態(tài)學(xué)和分子生物學(xué)基礎(chǔ)資料。方法：利用常規(guī)形態(tài)學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)方法、掃描電子顯微鏡和石蠟切片HE染色法對(duì)雙峰駝呼吸道上皮組織形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析,利用免疫組化對(duì)雙峰駝肺組織中AQPs的表達(dá)情況進(jìn)行定位分析以及運(yùn)用IPP軟件對(duì)AQPs表達(dá)量進(jìn)行半定量分析。結(jié)果：形態(tài)學(xué)統(tǒng)計(jì)表明,雙峰駝鼻腔長(zhǎng)度較長(zhǎng)且多褶皺,鼻腔粘膜富含微血管和腺體細(xì)胞,氣管長(zhǎng)且彎曲,呈大S型,相比于黃牛,肺較致密且含水量高。免疫組化檢測(cè)顯示,在雙峰駝呼吸道上皮細(xì)胞中有六種水通道蛋白(AQP)表達(dá)。其中,AQP1主要表達(dá)于呼吸道毛細(xì)血管網(wǎng)、淋巴管、胸膜臟層的間皮細(xì)胞以及氣管上皮細(xì)胞頂膜面；AQP3存在于呼吸道上皮表層與腺體的基底細(xì)胞膜上；AQP4分布于整個(gè)呼吸道上皮杯狀細(xì)胞基底側(cè)細(xì)胞膜和鼻腔粘膜腺體細(xì)胞頂膜面；AQP5表達(dá)于呼吸道粘膜下腺腺體細(xì)胞管腔面和Ⅰ型肺泡上皮細(xì)胞膜上；AQP8主要表達(dá)于支氣管粘膜下腺腺體細(xì)胞基底層細(xì)胞膜上；AQP9則位于呼吸道上皮細(xì)胞。同時(shí)IPP軟件半定量分析結(jié)果表明,雙峰駝肺中各種AQP表達(dá)情況為SAQP4SAQP5SAQP9SAQP8SAQP1SAQP3,IODAQP4IODAQP5IODAQP8 IODAQP9IODAQP1IODAQP3.結(jié)論：呼吸道組織形態(tài)學(xué)特征證明雙峰駝對(duì)干旱沙漠環(huán)境的適應(yīng)性,AQPs在雙峰駝呼吸道上皮細(xì)胞的強(qiáng)烈表達(dá),與嗅覺(jué)敏感性、氣道潤(rùn)化、氣道水平衡、新生血管形成、氣道表面液體層、氣道反應(yīng)性以及肺內(nèi)液體轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)等有關(guān),AQPs在雙峰駝呼吸道上皮中的高度表達(dá),為其適應(yīng)極干旱荒漠環(huán)境提供了蛋白水平依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As we all know, water is an important component of life, a basic condition for its survival, and a metabolic resource on which it is most dependent. The Bactrian camel, which has lived for a long time in harsh environments of drought, desertification and extreme water scarcity, But showing excellent environmental adaptation, studies have shown that over the course of long evolution, Bactrian camels have developed many physiological characteristics different from those of other animals, and because of these unique physiological characteristics, In these unique physiological characteristics, including water metabolism in the respiratory system, the secretion of surface active substances and the warming of dry and cold gases, Humidification and other physiological processes are particularly important for their survival and adaptation. Objective: to study the respiratory morphological characteristics and the expression of aquaporin aquaporin in the lungs of Bactrian Camels, and to explore the respiratory physiological mechanism of Bactrian camel adapting to extremely arid desert environment. In order to further study why Bactrian camel can adapt to the extremely harsh environment of extreme drought and water shortage, and provide the basic information of morphology and molecular biology about the mechanism of respiratory physiological metabolism. Methods: using conventional morphological statistical method, The morphology and structure of respiratory epithelium of Bactrian camel were analyzed by scanning electron microscope and paraffin section HE staining. The expression of AQPs in the lung tissue of bactrian camel was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and the expression of AQPs was semi-quantitatively analyzed by IPP software. Results: morphological statistics showed that the length of nasal cavity of Bactrian camel was long and pleated. The nasal mucosa is rich in microvascular and glandular cells. The trachea is long and curved. Compared with cattle, the lungs are denser and have higher water content. Six aquaporins (aquaporins) are expressed in the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract of Bactrian camel. The mesothelial cells of pleural layer and the apical membrane of tracheal epithelial cells AQP3 exist on the basal cell membrane of respiratory epithelial surface and gland. AQP4 is distributed in the basal cell membrane of the whole respiratory epithelium goblet cell and the fine gland of nasal cavity mucosa of the whole respiratory epithelium goblet cell. AQP5 was expressed on the submucosal glandular cells of respiratory tract and on the membrane of type I alveolar epithelium. AQP9 was mainly expressed on the basal cell membrane of glandular cells in submucous membrane of the bronchus, whereas AQP9 was located in the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract. The results of semi-quantitative analysis by IPP software show that, The expression of SAQP4SAQP5SAQP9SAQP8SAQP1SAQP3ODAQP4IODAQP5IODAQP8 IODAQP9IODAQP1IODAQP3 in the lungs of bactrian camels was found to be strongly expressed in the respiratory epithelium of Bactrian camel. Conclusion: the morphological features of respiratory tract tissue indicate the adaptability of bactrian camel to arid desert environment and its strong expression, olfactory sensitivity, airway moisturization. Airway water balance, neovascularization, airway surface liquid layer, airway reactivity and lung fluid transport are related to the high expression of AQPs in respiratory epithelium of Bactrian Camel, which provides a basis for protein level in adapting to extremely arid desert environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S824;Q78

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條

1 趙豐瑩;梅浙川;;肝膽系統(tǒng)水通道蛋白的研究進(jìn)展[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2007年14期

2 劉少?gòu)?qiáng);鐵璐;李學(xué)軍;;水通道與血管功能調(diào)節(jié)及相關(guān)疾病的研究進(jìn)展[J];生理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2012年02期

3 張羅,韓德民;呼吸道纖毛運(yùn)動(dòng)調(diào)控機(jī)制的研究現(xiàn)狀[J];中華耳鼻咽喉科雜志;2004年03期

4 白春學(xué),陳智偉,宋元林,方曉惠,鈕善福,Matthay MA,Verkman AS;肺泡液體主動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)及肺水通道的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究[J];中華結(jié)核和呼吸雜志;2001年02期

，

本文編號(hào)：1545309