本文關(guān)鍵詞： 后備母豬 丁酸鈉 甜菜堿 繁殖性能 初乳 仔豬 生化指標(biāo)　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改善母豬的繁殖性能一直是畜牧科學(xué)研究的熱點(diǎn)。后備母豬的生產(chǎn)性能是決定母豬終生繁殖性能的重要因素。我們不僅可以通過(guò)優(yōu)化營(yíng)養(yǎng)方案和提高管理水平來(lái)提高母豬的繁殖性能,還可通過(guò)使用飼料添加劑來(lái)提高母豬繁殖性能。丁酸鈉和甜菜堿是常用的飼料添加劑,但它們對(duì)母豬繁殖性能的影響仍需要進(jìn)一步實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。因此我們以后備母豬為研究對(duì)象,探討丁酸納和甜菜堿作為飼料添加劑對(duì)后備母豬的繁殖性能、初乳成分以及仔豬早期生長(zhǎng)的影響,為丁酸鈉和甜菜堿作為飼料添加劑在后備母豬上的應(yīng)用提供實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。本試驗(yàn)將60頭后備母豬隨機(jī)分3組,對(duì)照組(Control,CON),丁酸鈉組(Sodium Butyrate,SB)和甜菜堿組(Betaine,Bet)各20頭。丁酸鈉組和甜菜堿組分別在基礎(chǔ)日糧的上添加0.05%的丁酸鈉和0.3%的甜菜堿,飼喂后備母豬時(shí)間從配種前30天至仔豬7日齡,共約160天。統(tǒng)計(jì)后備母豬的發(fā)情率、返情率、一次成功配種率、分娩率、后備母豬利用率,檢測(cè)初始背膘、懷孕108天的背膘厚度以及分娩后背膘厚度,采集母豬產(chǎn)后初乳,稱量新生仔豬的體重,測(cè)量新生仔豬的體尺以及7日齡體重;所有仔豬由其母豬哺乳,并對(duì)母豬產(chǎn)后初乳中乳蛋白、乳糖、甘油三酯、總膽固醇、免疫球蛋白 A(Immunoglobulin A,IgA)、免疫球蛋白 G(Immunoglobulin G,IgG)、細(xì)菌脂多糖(Lipopolysaccharide,LPS),乳清中三碘甲腺原氨酸(Triiodothyronine,T3)、甲狀腺素(Tetraiothyronine,T4)、催乳素、腫瘤壞死因子(Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha,TNF-α)、瘦素和皮質(zhì)醇濃度進(jìn)行測(cè)定。1日糧添加丁酸納對(duì)后備母豬繁殖性能及初乳成分的影響與對(duì)照組相比,丁酸鈉對(duì)后備母豬的發(fā)情率、一次成功配種率、返情率、分娩率和后備母豬利用率沒(méi)有顯著影響;丁酸鈉對(duì)后備母豬的總產(chǎn)程及妊娠期均沒(méi)有顯著影響,.丁酸鈉對(duì)后備母豬初始背膘、懷孕108天背膘厚度及產(chǎn)后背膘厚度沒(méi)有顯著影響;丁酸鈉對(duì)后備母豬的產(chǎn)仔窩重、總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)、產(chǎn)活仔數(shù)和弱仔數(shù)沒(méi)有顯著影響;丁酸鈉組初生仔豬體高和胸圍顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.01;P0.05),然而,兩組間初生仔豬的初生重和體長(zhǎng)沒(méi)有顯著差異;丁酸鈉組仔豬7天重呈現(xiàn)高于對(duì)照組的趨勢(shì)(P=0.051),仔豬日增重顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05)�？梢�(jiàn),丁酸鈉對(duì)后備母豬發(fā)情率、配種率和分娩率等沒(méi)有顯著影響,而母體添加丁酸鈉對(duì)仔豬早期生長(zhǎng)有一定的促進(jìn)作用。丁酸納組后備母豬初乳中的泌乳素水平顯著低于對(duì)照組(P0.05),乳蛋白、乳糖、總膽固醇的濃度均無(wú)顯著變化;丁酸鈉使后備母豬初乳中的瘦素及甘油三酯水平顯著低于對(duì)照組(P0.01;P0.05),對(duì)后備母豬乳清中的T3、T4和皮質(zhì)醇的濃度沒(méi)有顯著影響;丁酸鈉使后備母豬初乳中的TNF-a顯著低于對(duì)照組(P0.05),丁酸鈉使后備母豬初乳中的IgA水平顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),對(duì)后備母豬初乳中IgG和LPS濃度沒(méi)有顯著影響。以上結(jié)果提示,日糧添加丁酸納可能會(huì)影響后備母豬的脂肪代謝和免疫功能。2 日糧添加甜菜堿對(duì)后備母豬繁殖性能及初乳成分的影響與對(duì)照組相比,甜菜堿對(duì)后備母豬的發(fā)情率、一次配種成功率、返情率、分娩率、后備母豬利用率均無(wú)顯著變化;甜菜堿對(duì)后備母豬的妊娠期和總產(chǎn)程均無(wú)顯著影響;日糧添加甜菜堿可顯著提高后備母豬懷孕108天背膘厚度(P0.01),對(duì)后備母豬產(chǎn)后背膘厚度沒(méi)有顯著影響;甜菜堿可以顯著降低后備母豬的產(chǎn)弱仔數(shù)(P0.05),對(duì)后備母豬的產(chǎn)仔窩重、總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)和產(chǎn)活仔數(shù)沒(méi)有顯著影響;母體添加甜菜堿可極顯著提高初生仔豬的初生重、體高和胸圍(P0.01),對(duì)初生仔豬體長(zhǎng)沒(méi)有顯著影響;甜菜堿組哺乳仔豬7天重和日增重都極顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.01)�？梢�(jiàn),甜菜堿對(duì)后備母豬發(fā)情率、配種率和分娩率沒(méi)有顯著影響,母體添加甜菜堿可以促進(jìn)胎兒和仔豬的早期生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育。甜菜堿對(duì)后備母豬初乳中乳蛋白、乳糖、甘油三酯、總膽固醇的濃度沒(méi)有顯著影響;對(duì)后備母豬乳清中的T3、T4、泌乳素、瘦素和皮質(zhì)醇濃度沒(méi)有顯著影響;甜菜堿可以顯著降低乳清中的TNF-a的濃度(P0.05),對(duì)后備母豬初乳中IgA、IgG和LPS的濃度沒(méi)有顯著影響。以上結(jié)果提示,日糧添加甜菜堿可能對(duì)后備母豬的內(nèi)分泌和代謝沒(méi)有顯著影響,可能對(duì)后備母豬的免疫功能有一定的影響。
[Abstract]:To improve the reproductive performance of the animal husbandry has been a hot topic in scientific research. The production performance of gilts is an important factor in determining the lifetime reproductive performance. We can not only improve the reproductive performance of sows by optimizing nutrient solution and improve the management level, but also to improve the reproductive performance of sows by using feed additive of sodium butyrate and betaine is feed. Commonly used additives, but their effect on reproductive performance of sows still need further experimental verification. So we prepare for the future of sows as the research object, to explore the butyric acid as feed additive agent and sodium betaine on reproductive performance of gilts, colostrum composition and early growth of piglets the effects of sodium butyrate and betaine as feed additives used in gilts on the experimental basis. This test will be 60 gilts were randomly divided into 3 groups, the control group (Control, CON), succinic acid sodium Group (Sodium Butyrate, SB) and betaine group (Betaine, Bet) of the 20 head. Betaine sodium butyrate group and betaine group respectively in the basic diet added with 0.05% sodium butyrate and 0.3% fed gilts from the breeding time, 30 days before the 7 day old piglets, a total of about 160 days. After the preparation of statistics sow oestrus rate, return rate, a successful breeding rate, birth rate, the utilization rate of gilts, detection of initial backfat, pregnant 108 days of backfat thickness and back fat thickness of childbirth, postpartum sows colostrum, newborn piglets weighing weight, body measurements of newborn piglets at 7 days of age and weight; all piglets from the sow lactation, and the postpartum sow colostrum milk protein, lactose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, immunoglobulin A (Immunoglobulin A IgA), immunoglobulin G (Immunoglobulin G IgG), lipopolysaccharide (Lipopolysaccharide, LPS), whey three triiodothyronine ( Triiodothyronine, T3), thyroxine (Tetraiothyronine, T4), prolactin, tumor necrosis factor (Tumor Necrosis, Factor-alpha, TNF- alpha), leptin and cortisol concentrations were measured.1 diets on reproductive performance and the influence of sodium butyrate on the composition of colostrum gilts compared with control group, sodium butyrate on sow oestrus rate, a the breeding success rate, return rate, delivery rate and utilization rate of gilts had no significant effect on the total production of sodium butyrate; gilts process and pregnancy had no significant effect of sodium butyrate on gilts,. Initial backfat, 108 days of pregnancy and postpartum backfat backfat thickness had no significant effect on sodium butyrate; gilts litter litter weight, total number of piglets born alive litter and weak litter had no significant effect of sodium butyrate group; newborn piglets body height and chest circumference were significantly higher than the control group (P0.01; P0.05), however, between the two groups of piglets born Weight and body length have no significant difference; sodium butyrate group piglets 7 days weight showed a trend of higher than the control group (P=0.051), weight gain of piglets was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). Therefore, sodium butyrate on sow oestrus rate, breeding rate and delivery rate had no significant effect, while parent acid sodium is Tim ghedin the role of early growth of piglets. Butyric acid Na group gilts colostrum prolactin level was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05), milk protein, lactose concentration, total cholesterol were not significantly changed; sodium butyrate make gilts in colostrum and three glycerol ester of leptin level was significantly lower than the control group (P0.01; P0.05), on gilts whey in T3, T4 and cortisol concentration did not significantly affect the gilts; sodium butyrate in colostrum TNF-a was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05), sodium butyrate to sow colostrum in the level of IgA was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05), the Sow colostrum IgG and LPS concentration had no significant effect. These results suggest that dietary sodium butyrate could affect gilts fat metabolism and immune function in.2 diets on reproductive performance and milk composition of betaine gilts compared with the control group, beet alkali on gilts estrus rate, a breeding the success rate of return rate, delivery rate, the rate had no significant change with gilts; pregnancy had no significant effect of betaine on gilts and total labor; dietary betaine can significantly increase the gilts 108 days of pregnancy, backfat thickness (P0.01), had no significant effect on postpartum sow backfat thickness; Betaine can significantly reduce gilts week fetus number (P0.05), the gilts litter litter weight, the total number born and the number born alive had no significant effect; maternal betaine could significantly increase the primary The piglet birth weight, body height and chest circumference (P0.01), long had no significant effect on the newborn piglets; Betaine group 7 days piglets weight and daily gain were significantly higher than the control group (P0.01). Therefore, betaine on sow oestrus rate, breeding rate and delivery rate did not significantly affect maternal, betaine can promote fetal development and early growth of piglets. Betaine on gilts in colostrum and milk protein, lactose, triglyceride, total cholesterol concentration had no significant effect on gilts in whey; T3, T4, prolactin, leptin and cortisol concentration did not significantly affect the concentration of betaine; whey can significantly reduce TNF-a (P0.05 the reserve of colostrum), IgA, IgG and LPS concentration had no significant effect. These results suggest that dietary betaine may on endocrine and metabolic gilts did not have a significant impact on gilts, may The immune function has some influence.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S828.5

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