本文關(guān)鍵詞： 昭蘇縣 馬消化道寄生蟲 季節(jié)動態(tài) 臨床驅(qū)蟲　出處：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：馬產(chǎn)業(yè)是新疆畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)之一,因長期以來馬的粗放管理,使馬患有不同程度的內(nèi)外寄生蟲病,造成馬匹生產(chǎn)成本增加,畜產(chǎn)品數(shù)量、質(zhì)量下降。本研究對新疆昭蘇馬寄生蟲感染情況進(jìn)行了抽樣調(diào)查,并進(jìn)行臨床驅(qū)蟲試驗。(1)2014年1月至12月,通過糞便檢查和顯微結(jié)構(gòu)觀察對昭蘇縣軍馬場、喀拉蘇馬繁育中心以及二馬隊共100匹馬(三個地點依次為50匹、30匹、20匹)進(jìn)行連續(xù)一年的季節(jié)性動態(tài)觀察。1200份糞檢結(jié)果顯示,馬匹一年四季均有消化道寄生蟲的感染,春秋季馬消化道線蟲感染率較高,且馬圓線蟲和毛線蟲均位居前列,經(jīng)分析表明P0.05,季節(jié)性感染差異不顯著。每月選取40份具感染性糞樣進(jìn)行檢測,480份樣品顯示每克馬糞便感染的蟲卵數(shù)為432~623個,平均感染強(qiáng)度為522個/g。采集軍馬場、喀拉蘇馬繁育中心以及二馬隊3~8歲舍飼馬糞樣共425份,結(jié)果顯示三個試驗點馬消化道寄生蟲總感染率依次為82.63%、92.70%和96.25%,經(jīng)分析表明P0.01,三者差異非常顯著。采集軍馬場2歲以下舍飼馬與放牧馬糞便共282份,其中舍飼馬和放牧馬的感染率分別90.91%和97.33%,分析表明0.01P0.05,二者差異顯著;采集軍馬場舍飼馬不同年齡段樣品共433份,結(jié)果顯示0~2歲、2~8歲以及8歲以上馬消化道寄生蟲感染率分別為99.44%,89.55%和90.08%,分析表明P0.01,不同年齡段馬感染消化道寄生蟲差異非常顯著。該試驗為昭蘇縣馬計劃性驅(qū)蟲提供了一定的科學(xué)依據(jù)。(2)本次調(diào)查應(yīng)用內(nèi)外凈分別對昭蘇縣軍馬場、種馬場及各大鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)共688匹馬進(jìn)行驅(qū)蟲,并采用飽和食鹽水漂浮法和EPG計數(shù)法對驅(qū)蟲前后糞便進(jìn)行檢測,1376份樣品顯示驅(qū)蟲前后總感染率分別為93.31%、6.1%,蟲卵減少率為88.48%,蟲卵轉(zhuǎn)陰率為87.21%;與此同時,對驅(qū)蟲馬共排出的7305只消化道寄生蟲進(jìn)行鑒定,結(jié)果檢出包括馬副蛔蟲、馬尖尾線蟲、馬圓形線蟲、三齒線蟲、盅口線蟲以及馬胃蠅蛆在內(nèi)等23種寄生蟲。另外,應(yīng)用血蟲清治療,結(jié)合血液涂片、PCR和cELISA的方法對昭蘇縣軍馬場、喀拉蘇馬繁育中心以及二馬隊共86匹馬血液進(jìn)行了梨形蟲驅(qū)蟲試驗;結(jié)果顯示應(yīng)用三種方法驅(qū)蟲前馬駑巴貝斯蟲的檢出率分別為55.81%、52.33%、51.16%,馬泰勒蟲的檢出率分別為65.11%、61.62%、60.24%;驅(qū)蟲后馬駑巴貝斯蟲的檢出率分別為27.91%、23.26%、45.34%,馬泰勒蟲的檢出率分別為29.07%、24.4%、46.51%,可見當(dāng)?shù)伛R梨形蟲感染嚴(yán)重,且血蟲清對該蟲有一定治療作用。共采集馬外寄生蟲共763只,經(jīng)形態(tài)鑒定為銀盾革蜱、草原革蜱、森林革蜱、邊緣革蜱和盾糙璃眼蜱。研究結(jié)果為當(dāng)?shù)亟ⅠR驅(qū)蟲程序和綜合防治奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Horse industry is one of the important industries in the development of animal husbandry in Xinjiang. Because of extensive horse management for a long time, horses suffer from different degrees of internal and external parasitic diseases, resulting in increased cost of horse production and the quantity of animal products. In this study, the parasite infection of Zhaosu horse in Xinjiang was investigated by sampling, and the clinical test of insect repellent was carried out from January 2014 to December. From January 2014 to December, the army horse farm in Zhaosu County was observed by fecal examination and microstructure observation. A total of 100 horses from the Karasuma breeding Center and the second Horse team (50, 30, 20 in three locations) were observed for a continuous year of seasonal dynamic observation. 1200 feces showed that the horses were infected with digestive tract parasites throughout the year. The infection rate of nematode in digestive tract was higher in spring and autumn, and both of them were in the forefront. The results of analysis showed that there was no significant difference in seasonal infection between P0.05 and seasonal infection. A total of 480 fecal samples were collected from 40 infected feces each month. The number of eggs per gram of fecal infection was 432% 623, and the average infection intensity was 522 / g. A total of 425 horse dung samples were collected from the Karasuma breeding Center and the second Horse team at the age of 8. The results showed that the total infection rate of digestive tract parasites in the three test sites was 82.63% and 96.25%, respectively. The infection rates were 90.91% and 97.33, respectively, among which, the infection rates of house feeding horses and grazing horses were 90.91% and 97.33, respectively, and the analysis showed that there was a significant difference between them. The results showed that the infection rate of digestive tract parasites was 99.44%, 89.55% and 90.08%, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the infection of digestive tract parasites among different age groups. The experiment was a planed insect repellent test for horses in Zhaosu County. For a certain scientific basis. (2) the investigation and application of the internal and external net of Zhaosu County military racetrack, A total of 688 horses were planted on horse farms and in various villages and towns for insect repellent activities. The total infection rate of feces before and after deworming was 93.31 ~ 6.1%, the egg reduction rate was 88.48% and the negative rate was 87.21%, respectively, by using saturated salt water floating method and EPG counting method to detect the feces before and after insect repellent, and at the same time, the total infection rate was 93.31%, and the egg negative rate was 87.21%, respectively. A total of 7305 digestive tract parasites were identified from the deworming horses. The results showed that 23 species of parasites were found, including Ascaris equina, Cercospora equina, Circulus equina, nematode tridentate, nematode curlica, and fyworm of the stomach of the horse, among which 23 species of parasites were found. Blood samples of 86 horses in Zhaosu County, Karasuma breeding Center and the second Horse team were tested for pear worm repellent by Xue Chong Qing, combined with blood smear polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and cELISA. The results showed that the detectable rates of the three methods were 55.811and 52.33, respectively. The detectable rates of Taylor's worms were 65.1111 and 61.62 and 60.24.The positive rates of Babes after repellent were 27.91and 24.46.51respectively, and the detectable rate of Taylor's worm was 29.077.07 and 24.46.51respectively, so it can be seen that the detection rate of T. caballi is 24.46.51.The results show that the detection rate of Babes after deworming is 27.91232645.344.The detection rate of Taylor's worm is 29.07724.44.51respectively. The infection of the local piriform worm is serious. A total of 763 parasites were collected and identified by morphological analysis as Aegilops, grassland ticks and forest ticks. The results laid a foundation for the establishment of local program and integrated control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S858.21

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