發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-01 13:18

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 黃羽肉雞 丁酸鈉 飼養(yǎng)密度 生長(zhǎng)性能 腸道形態(tài) 福利評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：飼養(yǎng)密度影響肉雞的生長(zhǎng)性能和福利水平,如果過(guò)高會(huì)導(dǎo)致家禽應(yīng)激、機(jī)體營(yíng)養(yǎng)代謝增加、生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育受阻以及產(chǎn)生各種福利問(wèn)題,給家禽業(yè)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。研究證實(shí)在肉雞飼糧中添加丁酸鈉,能夠促進(jìn)其腸道發(fā)育,改善肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能,但其是否可以緩解肉雞高密度飼養(yǎng)應(yīng)激還有待研究。本試驗(yàn)研究了在飼糧中添加丁酸鈉對(duì)黃羽肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫器官指數(shù)、抗氧化功能和腸道形態(tài)及黏膜生長(zhǎng)相關(guān)基因表達(dá)量的影響,同時(shí)研究了飼養(yǎng)密度對(duì)黃羽肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫器官指數(shù)、抗氧化功能和福利狀況的影響,最后研究了丁酸鈉對(duì)高密度飼養(yǎng)下黃羽肉雞的生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫器官指數(shù)及福利狀況的影響,探討丁酸鈉是否可以提高肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能和福利狀況,緩解肉雞高密度應(yīng)激。解決這些問(wèn)題可以為丁酸鈉的科學(xué)使用和黃羽肉雞健康養(yǎng)殖模式研究提供理論依據(jù)。本研究分為以下三個(gè)部分：1。丁酸鈉對(duì)黃羽肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫功能和腸道形態(tài)的影響本試驗(yàn)選用384只1日齡體重?zé)o顯著差異的蘇禽黃雞(公雛),隨機(jī)分成2組,對(duì)照組飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧,試驗(yàn)組在基礎(chǔ)飼糧中添加500 mg/kg微囊丁酸鈉,每組6個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)32只雞,試驗(yàn)期為21天。結(jié)果顯示,飼糧中添加丁酸鈉能顯著降低黃羽肉雞料肉比(F/G)和死亡率(P0.05),試驗(yàn)組平均日采食量(ADFI)顯著低于對(duì)照組(P0.05),平均日增重(ADG)兩組差異不顯著；試驗(yàn)組肉雞胸腺指數(shù)有高于對(duì)照組的趨勢(shì)(P=0.05)；試驗(yàn)組肉雞血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性有高于對(duì)照組的趨勢(shì)(P=0.05)；試驗(yàn)組十二指腸絨毛高度顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),試驗(yàn)組十二指腸和空腸V/C值顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05),試驗(yàn)組十二指腸和空腸隱窩深度顯著低于對(duì)照組(P0.05)；試驗(yàn)組空腸黏膜中GHR基因的表達(dá)量顯著高于對(duì)照組(P0.05)。由此可以得出結(jié)論,飼糧中添加丁酸鈉可以降低肉雞死亡率；并且促進(jìn)肉雞免疫器官生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,提高肉雞抗氧化能力。還可以顯著改善肉雞腸道形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu),并且能夠提高空腸GHR基因的表達(dá)量,調(diào)控腸道生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育。2.飼養(yǎng)密度對(duì)黃羽肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫器官指數(shù)和福利狀況的影響試驗(yàn)選用252只21日齡蘇禽黃雞(公雛),隨機(jī)分成2組,高飼養(yǎng)密度組(HSD)和低飼養(yǎng)密度組(LSD),每組6個(gè)重復(fù)。HSD組每個(gè)重復(fù)28只雞(飼養(yǎng)密度為20只/m2),LSD組每個(gè)重復(fù)14只雞(飼養(yǎng)密度為10只/m2)。試驗(yàn)期為35天。結(jié)果顯示,HSD組ADG和ADFI顯著低于LSD組(P0.05),HSD組死亡率顯著高于LSD組(P0.05),HSD組F/G有高于LSD組的趨勢(shì)(P=0.05)；HSD組脾臟和法氏囊指數(shù)顯著低于LSD組(P0.05)；HSD的羽毛污濁、羽毛損傷、腳墊炎、肘關(guān)節(jié)腫大、胸部皮膚結(jié)痂和胸囊腫積液評(píng)分都顯著高于LSD組(P0.05)。由此可以得出結(jié)論,飼養(yǎng)密度過(guò)高會(huì)降低肉雞的生長(zhǎng)性能,并且對(duì)肉雞免疫器官的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育帶來(lái)不利影響,同時(shí)還會(huì)損害肉雞福利狀況。3.丁酸鈉對(duì)高密度飼養(yǎng)下黃羽肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能、免疫器官指數(shù)和福利狀況的影響本試驗(yàn)選用336只21日齡蘇禽黃雞(公雛),隨機(jī)分成2組,對(duì)照組(HC,飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧)和丁酸鈉組(HB,飼喂基礎(chǔ)日糧加500 mg/kg微囊丁酸鈉),每組6個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)28只雞,飼養(yǎng)密度為20只/m2,試驗(yàn)期為35天。結(jié)果顯示,HB組黃羽肉雞死亡率顯著低于HC組(P0.05),HB組ADG顯著低于HC組(P0.05),ADFI顯著低于HC組(P0.05),兩組料重比無(wú)顯著差異；HB組的羽毛污濁、肘關(guān)節(jié)腫大評(píng)分顯著低于HC組。由此可以得出結(jié)論,飼糧中添加丁酸鈉可以改善高密度飼養(yǎng)下黃羽肉雞的羽毛污濁和肘關(guān)節(jié)腫大等不良福利狀況(P0.05)。通過(guò)以上的三個(gè)試驗(yàn)可以得出的結(jié)論是丁酸鈉可以促進(jìn)黃羽肉雞早期腸道發(fā)育,降低肉雞死亡率；飼養(yǎng)密度過(guò)高會(huì)對(duì)黃羽肉雞生長(zhǎng)性能和福利狀況產(chǎn)生不利影響,而添加丁酸鈉則可以緩解這種不良影響。
[Abstract]:The feeding density influence the growth performance of Broilers and the welfare level, if too high will lead to nutritional stress in poultry, increase metabolism, growth retardation and produce a variety of welfare problems, caused serious economic losses to the poultry industry. The study confirmed that adding sodium butyrate in broiler diet, can promote intestinal development, improve the growth performance of broilers, but its whether can alleviate the high density broiler feeding stress remain to be studied. This paper studied adding sodium butyrate on growth performance of broilers in the Huang Yu diet, immune organ index, antioxidant function and intestinal mucosal morphology and growth related gene expression, also studied the breeding density on the growth performance of Huang Yu broiler, immune organ index, influence the antioxidant function and welfare, and finally studies the growth performance of sodium butyrate on high density feeding yellow feather broiler, immune organ index and Fu Influence of profit situation, investigate whether sodium butyrate could improve the growth performance and welfare of broiler broiler, alleviate the high density stress. To solve these problems can provide a theoretical basis for the scientific use of sodium butyrate and Huang Yu broiler healthy cultivation mode research. This research is divided into the following three parts: 1. sodium butyrate on growth performance of broiler Huang Yu, Su this experiment selects 384 yellow bird only 1 day weight had no significant difference between the influence of immune function and intestinal morphology (male chicks), were randomly divided into 2 groups, the control group was fed basal diet, test group add 500 mg/ kg sodium butyrate in the basal diet, with 6 replicates of 32 birds per replicate. The trial period was 21 days. The results showed that adding sodium butyrate in diet can significantly reduce the yellow feather broiler feed meat ratio (F/G) and mortality (P0.05), the test group average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05), average daily gain (ADG) two There were no significant differences; broiler thymus index in experimental group is higher than the control group (P=0.05); experimental group on serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher than the control group (P=0.05); the experimental group of duodenal villi was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05), the experimental group V/C value of duodenum and jejunum higher than that of the control group (P0.05), the test group and the duodenal crypt depth of jejunum was significantly lower than the control group (P0.05); GHR gene expression in the jejunal mucosa in experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P0.05). It can be concluded that the addition of sodium butyrate in the diet can reduce the mortality of broilers; and promote the growth and development of immune organs in broilers. To improve the antioxidant ability of broilers. Can also significantly improve the morphology of broilers, and can improve the expression of GHR gene in the jejunum, stocking density on growth and development of.2. regulation of intestinal Huang Yurou 楦＄敓闀挎，

本文編號(hào)：1481949