發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-21 08:41

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 物理有效中性洗滌纖維 瘤胃發(fā)酵 瘤胃細(xì)菌 后備母牛 生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育　出處：《揚(yáng)州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)旨在研究不同peNDF水平的全混合日糧(TMR)對(duì)后備牛生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育、血液�；笜�(biāo)、采食量、采食行為、養(yǎng)分消化率、瘤胃發(fā)酵參數(shù)和纖維降解菌的影響,并確定8-10月齡后備牛適宜peNDF需要量。選用月齡和體重相近的健康中國(guó)荷斯坦后備母牛24頭,隨機(jī)分為4組,每組6個(gè)重復(fù),每個(gè)重復(fù)1頭。本研究通過(guò)改變TMR中粗飼料羊草的長(zhǎng)度(1cm,3 cm,5 cm,7 cm)來(lái)改變peNDF水平,試驗(yàn)采用單因子試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),分別飼喂peNDF8.o實(shí)測(cè)水平為10.78%(S組)、13.50%(MS組)、17.99%(ML組)和19.80%(L組)的四種飼糧,試驗(yàn)期為60 d。結(jié)果顯示：peNDF水平對(duì)各處理組后備牛的干物質(zhì)采食量(DMI)、中性洗滌纖維采食量(NDFI)和酸性洗滌纖維采食量(ADFI)均無(wú)顯著影響(P0.05)。瘤胃pH隨著peNDF水平的增加而增加(P0.01); peNDF水平對(duì)瘤胃液中總VFA含量、乙酸比例和丁酸比例的影響不顯著(P0.05)；丙酸比例總體上隨著peNDF水平的增加而降低(P0.01); peNDF水平的下降極顯著降低了乙酸與丙酸比值(P0.01)；氨態(tài)氮濃度隨peNDF水平的增加而增加(P0.01)。增加peNDF的水平,瘤胃中產(chǎn)琥珀酸絲狀桿菌的含量先降低后增加,并且差異極顯著(P0.01)；纖維降解菌如黃色瘤胃球菌、白色瘤胃球菌和溶纖維丁酸弧菌含量的變化與之相反,呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢(shì)(P0.01)。奶牛的體重、總采食時(shí)間、總咀嚼時(shí)間、單位DM采食時(shí)間和咀嚼時(shí)間、單位NDF采食時(shí)間和咀嚼時(shí)間均隨peNDF的水平的增加而顯著增加(P0.05),平均日增重、總反芻時(shí)間、單位DM反芻時(shí)間和單位NDF反芻時(shí)間也隨peNDF水平的增加而增加,但未達(dá)到顯著水平(P0.05)。peNDF水平的改變,顯著影響體高、體斜長(zhǎng)、胸圍指數(shù)和體軀指數(shù)(P0.05),但不影響各組奶牛的血液生化指標(biāo)(P0.05)。隨著peNDF水平的增加,DM消化率、CP消化率、NDF消化率和ADF消化率呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢(shì),并且peNDF8.0為13.50%組各營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)消化率顯著高于其他三組(P0.05)。peNDF水平與pH、日增重、總采食時(shí)間、總咀嚼時(shí)間、單位DM采食和咀嚼時(shí)間、單位NDF采食和咀嚼時(shí)間之間存在顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。綜上所述,8-10月齡后備牛適宜peNDF1.18需要量為24.44%～29.01%；peNDF8.o需要量為19.96%～23.79%。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different peNDF levels on growth and development, blood calving index, feed intake, intake behavior and nutrient digestibility of reserve cattle. The effects of rumen fermentation parameters and cellulolytic bacteria on the peNDF requirements of 8 to 10 month old backup cattle were determined. 24 healthy Chinese Holstein backup cows of similar age and weight were selected. Four groups were randomly divided into 4 groups, 6 replicates in each group, and 1 repeats in each group. In this study, the length of the crude forage Leymus chinensis in TMR was changed from 1 cm to 3 cm ~ (5 cm). The peNDF level was changed by 7 cm. The single factor design was used in the experiment. The measured level of peNDF8.o was 10.78% in group S and 13.50% in group MS). The experiment period was 60 days. The results showed that the dry matter intake (DMI) of every treatment group was higher than that of the control group (% peNDF level). Both neutral detergent fiber intake (NDFI) and acid detergent fiber intake (ADFI) had no significant effect on P0.05.The rumen pH increased with the increase of peNDF level (P < 0.05). P0.01; The effect of peNDF level on total VFA content, acetic acid ratio and butyric acid ratio in rumen fluid was not significant (P 0.05). The ratio of propionic acid decreased with the increase of peNDF level. The decrease of peNDF level significantly decreased the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen increased with the increase of peNDF level, and increased the level of peNDF. The content of filamentous succinate in rumen decreased first and then increased. And the difference was very significant (P 0.01). The content of fibrinolytic bacteria such as xanthococcus albicans and Vibrio fibrinolyticus increased first and then decreased (P0.01). The weight of cows and the total feeding time. The total masticatory time, intake time and masticatory time per unit DM, intake time and masticatory time per unit NDF were significantly increased with the increase of peNDF level, and the average daily gain was increased. The total ruminant time, the ruminant time per unit DM and the ruminant time per unit NDF also increased with the increase of peNDF level, but did not reach the significant level of P0.05U. PeNDF level. The body height, body oblique length, chest circumference index and body body index (P0.05) were significantly affected, but the blood biochemical index (P0.05) was not affected in each group. The digestibility of DM was increased with the increase of peNDF level. The digestibility of CP and ADF increased first and then decreased. And the digestibility of each nutrient in the peNDF8.0 13.50% group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups (P0.05, pH, daily gain, total feeding time, total chewing time). There was a significant positive correlation between intake time and masticatory time per unit DM, intake time per unit NDF and masticatory time. The suitable peNDF1.18 requirement for 8 to 10 months old reserve cattle was 24.440.29. 01; The peNDF8.o requirement was 19.96 and 23.79.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚(yáng)州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：S823

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