本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中藥 DVD 雞柔嫩艾美爾球蟲(chóng) 抗球蟲(chóng)指數(shù)　出處：《河南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：雞球蟲(chóng)病是養(yǎng)殖生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中造成嚴(yán)重?fù)p失的疾病之一。目前臨床上治療球蟲(chóng)仍以化學(xué)抗球蟲(chóng)藥為主,其使用廣泛,尤其是常作為飼料添加劑。由于球蟲(chóng)類(lèi)型以及生殖階段(有性生殖階段、無(wú)性生殖階段和孢子生殖階段)的特殊性,造成了在球蟲(chóng)病的防治中要根據(jù)不同的階段采用不同的藥物,臨床上根據(jù)病情發(fā)展經(jīng)常選擇兩種或兩種以上的藥物聯(lián)合用藥才能達(dá)到較好的治療效果。隨著臨床對(duì)化學(xué)藥物的使用次數(shù)和劑量的增加,球蟲(chóng)的耐藥性逐漸增強(qiáng),而且化藥的使用對(duì)動(dòng)物機(jī)體造成的傷害很大,特別是磺胺類(lèi)藥物的大劑量使用不但有腎毒性而且還有免疫抑制作用。中草藥無(wú)耐藥性、無(wú)不良反應(yīng)、無(wú)免疫抑制、無(wú)休藥期、無(wú)毒副作用,而且對(duì)球蟲(chóng)病也有很好的預(yù)防和治療效果,因此加強(qiáng)研究中草藥對(duì)球蟲(chóng)病的防治意義更加深遠(yuǎn)。為此,本研究在傳統(tǒng)中藥組方雞球蟲(chóng)散的基礎(chǔ)上,為了增加殺蟲(chóng)效果,去掉何首烏,加入常山,構(gòu)成新的抗球蟲(chóng)中藥組方,并考察該組方與DVD聯(lián)合使用對(duì)球蟲(chóng)的治療效果,以解決中藥起效慢、治療時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的問(wèn)題,又能減少化學(xué)藥物的使用,一定程度也能降低用藥成本,進(jìn)而更好的起到治療球蟲(chóng)病的目的。本研究具體內(nèi)容如下:1.篩選最佳抗雞柔嫩艾美爾球蟲(chóng)中藥組方比例試驗(yàn)為了篩選中藥抗球蟲(chóng)組方(青蒿、常山、仙鶴草、白頭翁、肉桂)中青蒿與常山的最佳比例,制備了3個(gè)擬定組方(青蒿與常山比例分別為1:0.5、1:1、1:2),通過(guò)3個(gè)組方對(duì)人工感染雞柔嫩艾美爾球蟲(chóng)病,以20g/kg飼料的劑量,進(jìn)行治療試驗(yàn),考察3個(gè)組方對(duì)人工感染雞球蟲(chóng)病的治療效果。其實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)為:存活率分別為:83%、90%、87%;相對(duì)增重率分別為:86.77%、94.43%、92.12%;抗球蟲(chóng)指數(shù)分別為:163.77、179.83、174.72。結(jié)果果表明:3個(gè)組方對(duì)雞艾美爾球蟲(chóng)病均有明顯的治療作用,其中組方2(青蒿與常山比例為1:1)的作用效果最好。故采用該組方進(jìn)行后續(xù)研究。2.篩選新中藥組方與DVD聯(lián)合用藥最佳劑量為篩選出抗球蟲(chóng)中藥組方(青蒿、常山、仙鶴草、白頭翁、肉桂)與抗菌增效劑DVD(40 ppm))聯(lián)合使用對(duì)人工感染雞柔嫩艾美爾球蟲(chóng)球蟲(chóng)病的治療效果的最佳劑量,將3種不同濃度組方中藥:分別為第1組:10 g/kg飼料的低劑量中藥組、第2組:20g/kg飼料的中劑量中藥組、第3組:30 g/kg飼料的高劑量中藥組,與DVD(40PPM)聯(lián)合使用、第4組:不用中藥只用DVD(80 ppm)組、第5組空白對(duì)照組、第6組攻毒對(duì)照組,在飼料中混合均勻,感染球蟲(chóng)的同時(shí)給藥。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果前4組的其存活率分別為:93%、97%、97%、83%;其盲腸病變值分別為:4.8、4.5、4.3、5.2;卵囊值分別為:1、0、0、1;抗球蟲(chóng)指數(shù)分別為:173.8、181.77、187.79、160.83,第2組中劑量和第3組高劑量中藥組均能達(dá)到高效抗球蟲(chóng)作用。從經(jīng)濟(jì)效益考慮以第2組中劑量中藥組(20 g/kg)飼料與DVD(40 ppm/d)聯(lián)合應(yīng)用做為新中藥組方進(jìn)行后續(xù)研究。3.新中藥組方與DVD聯(lián)合用藥防治雞球蟲(chóng)病的臨床試驗(yàn)為確定抗球蟲(chóng)新中藥組方與抗菌增效劑DVD聯(lián)合使用對(duì)自然感染雞柔嫩艾美爾球蟲(chóng)球蟲(chóng)病的治療效果,按推薦劑量把兩者聯(lián)合使用,在飼料中混合均勻,藥物對(duì)照組使用雞球蟲(chóng)散進(jìn)行治療,給藥后第5 d,供試藥物組和藥物對(duì)照組對(duì)雞球蟲(chóng)卵囊減少率分別為99.12%和98.80%,雞只存活率比藥物對(duì)照組高0.13%,料肉比與藥物對(duì)照組相比降低0.17。結(jié)果證明藥物以20 g/kg飼料劑量與DVD(40ppm/d)聯(lián)合拌料,連用5 d,對(duì)雞球蟲(chóng)病的治療效果顯著高于傳統(tǒng)的雞球蟲(chóng)散。研究結(jié)果表明:青蒿與常山新型抗球蟲(chóng)組方的最佳比例(1:1)對(duì)雞艾美爾球蟲(chóng)病具有良好的治療作用,其對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)雞的保護(hù)率達(dá)90%,ACI為179.83。青蒿與常山抗球蟲(chóng)組方(1:1)與DVD(40 ppm/d)聯(lián)合用藥的最佳劑量為20g/kg飼料,連續(xù)使用5 d,對(duì)人工感染和自然感染柔嫩艾美爾球蟲(chóng)病雞有良好的治療效果。
[Abstract]:Chicken coccidiosis is one of the serious loss of aquaculture production in the process of disease. The clinical treatment of coccidiosis is mainly chemical anticoccidial drugs, it is widely used, especially used as feed additives. Because of coccidia types and reproductive stages (stages of sexual reproduction, asexual stage and spore stage) particularity caused to according to the different stages of the different drugs in the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis, according to the clinical progression of the disease often choose two or more than two kinds of drugs in order to achieve a better therapeutic effect. With the increasing use of chemical drugs in the clinical dose and frequency of the coccidial drug resistance increases, and the use of drugs to cause the animal body hurts a lot, especially large doses of sulfonamides use not only has renal toxicity and immunosuppressive effect of Chinese herbal medicine. No drug resistance, no No adverse reaction, immune suppression, no withdrawal period, no toxic side effect, but also has a very good prevention and treatment of coccidiosis, so the significance of Chinese herbal medicine to strengthen the prevention and control of coccidiosis is more profound. Therefore, this study based on the traditional Chinese medicine prescription of Eimeria powder, in order to increase the insecticidal effect, remove Polygonum multiflorum join, Changshan, constitute a new anticoccidial prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, and the effects of the prescription and DVD combination on coccidiosis treatment effect, in order to solve the slow onset of traditional Chinese medicine, treatment time is long, but also can reduce the use of chemical drugs, to a certain extent can reduce the drug cost, and better play to the treatment of coccidiosis specific contents of this study are as follows: 1. the selection of the best anti chicken Eimeria tenella in order to test the proportion of prescription of traditional Chinese medicine screening of traditional Chinese medicine prescription anticoccidiosis (Artemisia annua, Changshan, agrimony, Pulsatilla, cinnamon) in Artemisia annua and Changshan The best proportion of preparation of 3 prescription (Artemisia and Changshan to respectively 1:0.5,1:1,1:2), through 3 prescriptions on artificial infection of Eimeria tenella in chickens, to feed 20g/kg dose, treatment test, to investigate the therapeutic effect of 3 prescriptions on artificial infected chicken coccidiosis. The experimental data: the survival rate: 83%, 90%, 87%; the relative growth rates were: 86.77%, 94.43%, 92.12%; anticoccidiosis index were: 163.77179.83174.72. result showed that 3 components on the obvious curative effect has the chicken Eimeria coccidiosis, prescription 2 (Artemisia annua and Changshan 1:1 ratio) the best effect. So the use of the prescription the follow-up study of.2. screening for screening new anticoccidial prescription of traditional Chinese medicine prescription of traditional Chinese medicine combined with DVD dosage (Artemisia annua, Changshan, agrimony, Pulsatilla, cinnamon) and antibacterial synergist DVD (40 ppm) combined with the use of artificial sense) The optimal dose of chicken Eimeria tenella coccidiosis infection treatment effect, the concentration of 3 different herbs respectively into first groups: low dose group, 10 g/kg feed second groups: middle dose traditional Chinese medicine group, 20g/kg feed third groups: high dose group 30 g/kg feed, DVD (40PPM) combined with use of fourth groups: do not use the traditional Chinese medicine with DVD (80 ppm) group, fifth groups of blank control group, sixth groups of controlgroup, uniformly mixed in the feed, while administration of coccidian infection. The test results of 4 groups before the survival rate were 93%, 97%, 97%, 83%; the cecal lesions values were: 4.8,4.5,4.3,5.2 = 1,0,0,1; oocysts; anticoccidiosis index were: 173.8181.77187.79160.83, third groups of high dose and dose of Chinese medicine group in the second groups were able to achieve efficient anticoccidial effect. From the economic consideration to the pharmaceutical dose in the second group (20 g/kg) in feed with DVD (40 ppm/d) combined with The application for clinical trials of new prescription for subsequent research on.3. new prescription of traditional Chinese medicine combined with DVD coccidiosis in chickens to determine the new anticoccidial prescription of traditional Chinese medicine combined with natural infection of Eimeria tenella coccidiosis treatment effect of antibacterial synergist DVD, according to the recommended dose to the combination, uniformly mixed in the feed, drugs the control group using chicken coccidia powder treatment, fifth d after administration, the drug group and drug control group reduced rates were 99.12% and 98.80% of chicken coccidian oocysts in chickens, the survival rate is 0.13% higher than the drug control group, the ratio of feed and the drug control group decreased compared with 0.17. results in a 20 g/kg dose of feed with DVD (40ppm/d) combined with mixing, for 5 d, the chicken coccidiosis treatment effect was significantly higher than that of the traditional chicken coccidia powder. The results showed that the optimal ratio of Artemisia annua and Changshan new anticoccidial prescription Cases (1:1) has good therapeutic effect on chicken Eimeria coccidiosis, the experimental chicken protection rate of 90%, ACI 179.83. and Changshan Artemisia anticoccidiosis group (1:1) and DVD (40 ppm/d) the best dosage combination for 20g/kg feed, continuous use of 5 d treatment has a good effect on Eimeria chicken coccidiosis artificial infection and natural infection.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S858.31

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本文編號(hào)：1442017