本文關(guān)鍵詞：不同來源豆粕和菜粕對于大恒肉雞的能量和氨基酸營養(yǎng)價值評定研究　出處：《四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 大恒肉雞 豆粕 菜粕 代謝能 氨基酸利用率

【摘要】：大恒肉雞是我國自主培育的一種肉雞配套系。本文在研究大恒肉雞適宜強(qiáng)飼量基礎(chǔ)上,評定了不同來源豆粕和菜粕對于大恒肉雞的代謝能和氨基酸營養(yǎng)價值,并評定兩種原料與玉米的加性效應(yīng),為構(gòu)建大恒肉雞飼料數(shù)據(jù)庫提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。試驗1.大恒肉雞適宜強(qiáng)飼量研究：選40只正常健康大恒肉雞,隨機(jī)分5個處理,每個處理8個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)1只雞,按雞體重分別強(qiáng)飼0%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%,2.5%基礎(chǔ)飼糧,測定不同處理代謝能(AME、AMEn、TME、TMEn)、氮沉積、體重?fù)p失和能量利用率。代謝采用TME法,禁食48h,收集排泄物48h。結(jié)果表明：基礎(chǔ)飼糧AME、AMEn、TME和TMEn均值分別為3.331、3.401、3.814和3.881kcal/g,不同處理AME和AMEn差異不顯著(P0.05),TME和TMEn差異顯著(P0.05)。強(qiáng)飼量體重2.0%,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)誤最低,綜合考慮體氮沉積和體重?fù)p失,強(qiáng)飼體重2.0%為適宜量。試驗2.不同來源豆粕對于大恒肉雞的能量和氨基酸營養(yǎng)價值評定：從四川省具有代表性的飼料企業(yè)收集12種豆粕,分析其營養(yǎng)成分；選健康的正常和去盲腸大恒肉雞各100只,采用TME法,評定代謝能(Metabolic energy,ME)和氨基酸真利用率(True amino acid availability,TAAA)。代謝能評定：分3批代謝試驗,每批48只正常雞,分6個處理,每個處理8個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)1只雞。氨基酸利用率評定：分3批代謝試驗,每批36只去盲腸雞,分6個處理,每個處理6個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)1只雞。結(jié)果表明：12種豆粕干物質(zhì)(Dry matter, DM)、粗蛋白質(zhì)(Crude protein,CP)、總能(Gross energy, GE)、中性洗滌纖維(Neutral detergent fiber, NDF)、酸性洗滌纖維(Acid detergent fiber, ADF)、粗纖維(Crude fibre, CF)、粗脂肪(Ether extract, EE)、粗灰分的均值分別為：85.74%、52.81%、4.73kcal/g、13.61%、6.47%、6.67%、1.52%和6.63%。其中,NDF、CF和EE的變異系數(shù)(Coefficient of variation,CV)大于15%。12種豆粕氨基酸含量平均值的范圍為：0.56～7.99%;CV為：6.36～10.94%；必需AA總含量為19.26%,CV為7.35%；非必需AA含量為24.66%,CV為7.10%；總AA含量均值為43.92%,CV為7.18%。其中以Pro的變異系數(shù)最大,為10.94%。12種豆粕AME、AMEn、TME和TMEn均值分別為2.993、3.091、3.058和3.122kca1/g,不同來源差異顯著(P0.05)。TAAA均值范圍為78.16～94.38%,不同來源差異顯著(P0.05)。必需AA的TAAA均值為84.32%；非必需AA的TAAA均值為82.29%；總AA的TAAA均值為82.88%。試驗3.不同來源菜粕對于大恒肉雞的能量和氨基酸營養(yǎng)價值評定：從四川省具有代表性的飼料企業(yè)收集12種菜粕,分析其常規(guī)營養(yǎng)成分；選健康的正常和去盲腸大恒肉雞各100只,測定ME和TAAA。代謝能評定：分3批代謝試驗,每批48只正常雞,分6個處理,每個處理8個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)1只雞。氨基酸利用率評定：分3批代謝試驗,每批36只去盲腸雞,分6個處理,每個處理6個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)1只雞。結(jié)果表明：12種菜粕DM、CP、GE、NDF、ADF、CF、EE和Ash的均值分別為：87.67%、42.10%、4.72kcal/g、39.99%、16.13%、15.15%、2.40%和9.10%。其中,NDF、ADF、EE和Ash的CV大于15%。12種菜粕氨基酸含量平均值的范圍為：0.72-6.55%；CV為：4.53～18.97%；必需AA總含量為14.39%,CV為7.25%；非必需AA含量為19.02%,CV為5.85%；總AA含量均值為33.42%,CV為6.25%。其中以Lys的變異系數(shù)最大,為18.97%。12種菜粕AME、AMEn、TME和TMEn均值為2.062、2.158、2.229和2.323kcal/g,不同來源差異顯著(P0.05)。TAAA均值范圍為68.37～88.92%,不同來源除Thr和Ser外,差異顯著(P0.05)。必需AA的TAAA均值為70.81%；非必需AA的TAAA均值為70.43%；總AA的TAAA均值為70.45%。試驗4.大恒肉雞豆粕、菜粕和玉米能量和可利用氨基酸加性效應(yīng)的研究：本試驗隨機(jī)選取幾種豆粕和菜粕與玉米組成玉米-豆粕、玉米-菜粕、玉米-豆粕-菜粕混合飼糧,比較混合飼糧TMEn和TAAA實(shí)測值和預(yù)測值差異。代謝能評定：分3批代謝試驗,每批48只正常雞,分6個處理,每個處理8個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)1只雞。氨基酸利用率評定：分3批代謝試驗,每批36只去盲腸雞,分6個處理,每個處理6個重復(fù),每個重復(fù)1只雞。結(jié)果表明：混合飼糧TMEn的實(shí)測值和預(yù)測值的差異不顯著(P0.05);TAAA的實(shí)測值和預(yù)測值除His、Met和Cys差異較大外,其余AA具有可加性。綜上所述,本試驗確定以2.0%體重為大恒肉雞代謝試驗的適宜強(qiáng)飼量；12種不同來源豆粕或菜粕的代謝能和氨基酸真利用率差異顯著；豆粕、菜粕與玉米配制飼糧的代謝能的實(shí)測值和預(yù)測值差異不顯著,氨基酸的利用率實(shí)測值和預(yù)測值除His、Met和Cys外,差異不顯著,表明TMEn和TAAA具有可加性。
[Abstract]:Chicken is a chicken Daheng supporting the Department of our own cultivation. Based on the study of broiler Daheng appropriate force feeding quantity based on the evaluation of different sources of soybean meal and rapeseed meal for broiler Daheng metabolizable energy and amino acid nutritional value, additive effect and evaluation of two kinds of raw materials and corn, to provide the basic data for the construction of Daheng broiler feed test database. 1. broilers Daheng appropriate force feeding quantity research: choose 40 healthy Daheng broilers, randomly divided into 5 treatments with 8 replicates of 1 birds each, according to the weight of chicken feed were 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% diet, determination of metabolizable energy (AME, different treatment AMEn, TME, TMEn), nitrogen deposition, weight loss and metabolic energy utilization. Using the method of TME, fasting 48h, collected fecal 48h. results show that the basic dietary AME, AMEn, TME and TMEn respectively for 3.331,3.401,3.814 and 3.881kcal/g, AME and A in different treatments There was no significant difference between MEn (P0.05), TME and TMEn had significant difference (P0.05). The feed weight of 2%, the lowest standard error, considering the nitrogen deposition and loss of body weight, feed weight 2% is suitable. Tests of 2. different sources of soybean meal for broiler Daheng energy and amino acid nutritional value evaluation: feed business representatives the collection of 12 kinds of soybean from Sichuan Province, analysis of the nutritional components; healthy and normal broilers each 100 CAECECTOMIZED Daheng, using TME method, evaluation of metabolizable energy (Metabolic energy, ME)'s utilization rate and the amino acid (True amino acid availability, TAAA). Assessment: 3 batches of metabolic energy metabolism test each batch of 48 normal chickens, divided into 6 treatments, 8 replicates per treatment and 1 broilers per replicate. The amino acid utilization evaluation: 3 batches of metabolic tests, each batch of 36 CAECECTOMIZED chicken, is divided into 6 treatments, with 6 replicates of 1 birds each. The results showed that 12: soybean dry matter (Dry matter, DM), crude protein (Crude protein, CP (Gross), always energy, GE), neutral detergent fiber (Neutral detergent fiber, NDF), acid detergent fiber (Acid detergent fiber ADF (Crude fibre), crude fiber, crude fat (CF). Ether extract, EE), the mean crude ash were 85.74%, 52.81%, 4.73kcal/g, 13.61%, 6.47%, 6.67%, 1.52% and 6.63%., NDF, CF and EE (coefficient of variation of Coefficient of variation, CV) range of the average value is greater than 15%.12 soybean amino acid content is 0.56 ~ 7.99%; CV from 6.36 to 10.94%; AA is required for the total content was 19.26%, CV was 7.35%; the non essential content of AA is 24.66%, CV is 7.10%; the mean content of AA is 43.92%, CV is 7.18%. with the coefficient of variation of Pro, 10.94%.12 AMEn, TME and AME of soybean meal, the mean TMEn were 2.993,3.091,3.058 and 3.122kca1/g, different the source of difference Significant.TAAA mean (P0.05) ranged from 78.16 to 94.38%, different sources had significant difference (P0.05). AA TAAA must mean 84.32%; non essential AA TAAA mean value is 82.29%; the total AA TAAA mean 82.88%. test of 3. different rapeseed meals for Daheng broiler energy and amino acid nutritional value evaluation: feed enterprises a representative collection of 12 kinds of rapeseed in Sichuan Province, analysis of the nutritional composition; healthy and normal broilers each 100 CAECECTOMIZED Daheng, determination of ME and TAAA. in 3 groups: assessment of metabolic energy metabolism test, each batch of 48 normal chickens, divided into 6 treatments, 8 replicates per treatment, each replicate 1 chickens. The amino acid utilization evaluation: 3 batches of metabolic tests, each batch of 36 CAECECTOMIZED chicken, is divided into 6 treatments, with 6 replicates of 1 birds each. The results showed that 12 kinds of CP, GE, DM meal, NDF, ADF, CF, EE and Ash respectively. The mean: 87.67% 4.72kcal/g, 42.10%, 39.99%, 16.13%, 15.15%, 2.40%, and 9.10%., NDF, ADF, EE and Ash range of CV is greater than the amino acid content of vegetables meal 15%.12 average value is 0.72-6.55%; CV: 4.53 ~ 18.97% AA is required; the total content was 14.39%, CV was 7.25%; the non essential content of 19.02% AA CV, 5.85%; the mean content of AA is 33.42%, CV is 6.25%. with the coefficient of variation of Lys, 18.97%.12 AME AMEn, TME and rapeseed, the mean value of TMEn was 2.062,2.158,2.229 and 2.323kcal/g, different sources had significant difference (P0.05).TAAA value ranges from 68.37 to 88.92%, different sources except Thr and Ser, the difference significant (P0.05). AA TAAA must mean 70.81%; non essential AA TAAA mean value is 70.43%; the total AA TAAA mean 70.45%. test of 4. broiler Daheng soybean meal, rapeseed meal and corn and energy of amino acid additive effect by using this test several randomly selected soybean meal Maize and rapeseed meal and corn soybean meal, corn meal, corn soybean meal diet mixed, mixed diets TMEn and TAAA measured and predicted differences. The metabolic energy assessment: 3 batches of metabolic tests, each batch of 48 normal chickens, divided into 6 treatments, 8 replicates per treatment and each repeat 1 chickens. The amino acid utilization evaluation: 3 batches of metabolic test, each batch of 36 CAECECTOMIZED chicken, is divided into 6 treatments, with 6 replicates of 1 birds each. The results show that the measured differences in mixed dietary TMEn value and the predicted value was not significant (P0.05); TAAA test and predicted values except His, Met and Cys difference is big, the rest of the AA additive. In summary, this test in order to determine the weight of 2% broiler metabolism test suitable for constant feed amount; 12 different sources of soybean meal or the metabolizable energy and true amino acid utilization rate of soybean meal, rapeseed meal and the difference was significant; with corn There was no significant difference between the measured and predicted values of the metabolizable energy of the diet. There was no significant difference between the measured and predicted values of amino acid utilization except His, Met and Cys, indicating that TMEn and TAAA had additivity.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S831.5

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