本文選題：心理性應(yīng)激 + 皮膚c-Fos��； 參考：《中國醫(yī)科大學》2005年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景 應(yīng)激(stress)指機體在受到各種應(yīng)激原(stressor)刺激時,所出現(xiàn)的一系列神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌反應(yīng),以及由此而引起的各種機能和代謝的改變。應(yīng)激包含3個要素,即應(yīng)激原、應(yīng)激和適應(yīng)性反應(yīng)(adaptive response)。其中,適應(yīng)性反應(yīng)是問題的關(guān)鍵,因為該要素涵蓋了機體應(yīng)激的介入因素、機制和最終結(jié)果。能夠引起應(yīng)激反應(yīng)的應(yīng)激原很多,可以是冷、熱、低血糖、電擊等單一的應(yīng)激原,也可以是水浸束縛、寒冷束縛等復(fù)合應(yīng)激原。目前,一般將應(yīng)激全劃分為3個時期:首先是警覺期(alarm stage),該期迅速出現(xiàn),持續(xù)時間短;第二是抵抗期(resistance stage),即機體的適應(yīng)階段,適應(yīng)的結(jié)果是機體反應(yīng)敏感器官或系統(tǒng)的改變,如腎上腺的增大,胸腺的萎縮,血糖濃度及血象的改變等等,此期持續(xù)時間長,是應(yīng)激的主要表現(xiàn)過程;最后是衰竭期(exhaustion stage),當應(yīng)激原刺激強度大或(和)作用時間長的情況下可誘發(fā)此期。顯然,應(yīng)激反應(yīng)的最早表現(xiàn)主要體現(xiàn)在機體的內(nèi)分泌和免疫系統(tǒng),是一種全身性的適應(yīng)性反應(yīng),神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)、內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)和免疫系統(tǒng)調(diào)節(jié)著機體的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)過程,下丘腦-垂體-腎上腺皮質(zhì)軸(HPA)的激活和交感-腎上腺髓質(zhì)系統(tǒng)(SA)的興奮是應(yīng)激反應(yīng)中的主要結(jié)構(gòu)功能系統(tǒng),從而引起后繼一系列復(fù)雜的行為、生理和心理變化。軀體性應(yīng)激(Physical stress)反應(yīng)就是通過這些途徑誘發(fā)身體器官的生理、病理變化,而心理因素的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)途徑則較為復(fù)雜。但有研究表明,心理性應(yīng)激(Psychological stress)同樣可能引起腦部、脊髓等組織器官中,免疫相關(guān)因子和受體的表達水平的改變,其效應(yīng)類同于軀體性應(yīng)激的結(jié)果。 皮膚細胞有能力行使與神經(jīng)細胞相類似的性能,如表達神經(jīng)元或Schwann細胞或神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)受體的標記,并產(chǎn)生神經(jīng)介質(zhì)。皮膚神經(jīng)介質(zhì)的數(shù)量變化取決于個體,疾病及部位。皮膚神經(jīng)介質(zhì)的濃度范圍從0.1-5.5pmol/g組織,這種濃度懸殊隨神經(jīng)在皮膚中的分布而定。皮膚神經(jīng)介質(zhì)
[Abstract]:Background stress refers to a series of neuroendocrine responses that occur when the body is stimulated by various stressors. And the resulting changes in function and metabolism. Stress consists of three elements, I. e., stressor, stress and adaptive response. Adaptive response is the key to the problem, because it covers the intervention factors, mechanisms and final results of stress. There are many stressors which can cause stress reaction, such as cold, heat, hypoglycemia, electric shock and so on. At present, stress is generally divided into three periods: the first is alarm stage, which appears quickly and lasts for a short time; the second is resistance stage, that is, the adaptation stage of the body, the result of which is the change of the body's sensitive organ or system. If the adrenal gland increases, the thymus atrophy, the blood sugar concentration and the blood picture change and so on, this period lasts for a long time, is the main manifestation process of stress; Finally, the stage of exhaustion can be induced when the intensity of stressor stimulation is high or the time of exposure is long. Obviously, the earliest manifestation of stress response mainly lies in the body's endocrine and immune system, which is a systemic adaptive response. The nervous system, endocrine system and immune system regulate the body's stress response process. The activation of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex (HPA) and the excitation of sympathetic adrenomedullary system (SAA) are the main structural and functional systems in stress response, resulting in a series of complex behavioral, physiological and psychological changes. Physical stress response induces physiological and pathological changes of body organs through these pathways, while the stress response pathway of psychological factors is more complex. However, some studies have shown that psychological stress may also cause changes in the expression levels of immune-related factors and receptors in the brain, spinal cord and other tissues and organs, and the effects are similar to those of somatic stress. Skin cells have the ability to perform properties similar to those of nerve cells, such as the labeling of neurons or Schwann cells or neurotransmitter receptors, and the production of neurotransmitters. The number of neurotransmitters in the skin varies depending on the individual, disease, and location. The concentration range of skin neurotransmitters is from 0.1-5.5pmol/g tissue, and this concentration varies with the distribution of nerve in the skin. Skin neurotransmitte
【學位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：R392

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