本文選題：老齡 + 小鼠　； 參考：《吉林大學》2007年碩士論文

【摘要】： 在很多工作中,人們往往需要長時間保持頭頸的前屈姿勢,這種非生理性體位可使頸部肌肉、韌帶以及頸椎骨關(guān)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)、神經(jīng)根受到不良影響,日積月累,頸椎失去平衡,其穩(wěn)定性與靈活性受到破壞。據(jù)報道,目前頸椎病發(fā)病率正逐年增加。倪文才等學者研究認為,頸部軟組織損害性病變所產(chǎn)生的異常應(yīng)力導(dǎo)致頸椎力學平衡結(jié)構(gòu)破壞,進而引起頸椎節(jié)段性失穩(wěn)[1],先天性發(fā)育畸形、繼發(fā)性外傷、退行性改變、腫瘤及感染等�？烧T發(fā)頸椎不穩(wěn),常指枕寰關(guān)節(jié)不穩(wěn)和寰樞關(guān)節(jié)不穩(wěn)。從而導(dǎo)致頸椎功能改變和不同程度的神經(jīng)損傷[2]..。頸椎失穩(wěn)是臨床較常見的一種病理征象,正確認識這一病理過程對指導(dǎo)頸椎疾病的診治具有重要意義。已有研究報導(dǎo)[3]頸椎失穩(wěn)可使周圍組織血流淤滯,靜脈怒張和微循環(huán)障礙,導(dǎo)致明顯的水腫和炎癥反應(yīng)。頸椎失穩(wěn)更容易刺激竇椎神經(jīng)和交感神經(jīng),還能過度牽拉關(guān)節(jié)囊以及韌帶引起痙攣[4]。我們利用手術(shù)的方法破壞老齡小鼠頸椎周圍韌帶、肌肉、筋膜等軟組織,復(fù)制頸椎穩(wěn)定性異常病理模型,觀察其對老齡小鼠大腦記憶功能的影響,并對其發(fā)病機制進行了初步的探討。旨為臨床工作中積極防治頸部軟組織受損,避免腦功能障礙提供實驗依據(jù)。 本實驗利用物理方法即:直徑1.0mm的電凝針燒灼燙傷小鼠的第1、2頸椎韌帶及其周圍的筋膜等軟組織,致使頸椎穩(wěn)定性異常,頸椎關(guān)節(jié)發(fā)生漸進性的微錯位,造成椎動脈扭曲、受壓,腦組織缺血缺氧以及氧化應(yīng)激損傷;并通過小鼠的一般狀態(tài)、行為學檢測指標、腦組織病理學、免疫組織化學觀察等手段進行綜合評價。 本實驗將6月齡ICR小鼠44只,隨機分為2組,即模型組、和對照組,模型組在無菌操作下用手術(shù)線作雙結(jié)扎后剪斷頸后肌束,暴露頸椎韌帶及第1、2頸椎,剪其棘突及頸椎間韌帶,再用直徑1.0mm的電凝針燒灼燙傷側(cè)韌帶,而后縫合皮膚。對照組不做任何處理。模型制作后的第4周、8周、12周觀察小鼠的一般狀態(tài);并通過跳臺試驗、水迷宮試驗、洞板試驗檢測小鼠記憶和智力;腦組織病理切片HE染色;β-淀粉樣蛋白、casepase-3免疫組織化學染色;腦組織MDA、SOD,血清NO、LDH的測定,比較模型組和對照組間差異。跳臺試驗結(jié)果表明,與對照組相比模型組小鼠反應(yīng)期明顯延長,潛伏期明顯縮短,犯錯誤次數(shù)顯著增加(p0.01);水迷宮試驗結(jié)果顯示:與對照組比較模型組小鼠游全程時間和錯誤次數(shù)均明顯增加(p0.01),說明模型組小鼠發(fā)生了嚴重的空間分辨性障礙;洞板試驗結(jié)果表明:與對照組相比模型組小鼠探洞的潛伏期明顯延長,3min內(nèi)的點探索次數(shù)明顯減少。腦組織切片HE染色顯示:對照組小鼠腦海馬和皮層神經(jīng)細胞染色均一,結(jié)構(gòu)完整,細胞膜、核膜清晰;模型組小鼠腦海馬可見明顯散在的或連續(xù)的神經(jīng)細胞死亡,表現(xiàn)為胞漿深染、核固縮、胞膜核膜界限不清;嚴重的出現(xiàn)點狀中斷,在大腦皮層也可見較多死亡的神經(jīng)細胞。腦組織生物化學檢測結(jié)果顯示:與對照組比較模型組小鼠腦組織MDA含量明顯增加,SOD活性明顯下降,血清NO含量顯著增加(p0.01),LDH活性明顯降低。
[Abstract]:In a lot of work, people often need to maintain the head and neck flexion for a long time. This non physiological position can make the neck muscles, ligaments and the structure of the bone and joint of the cervical vertebra. The nerve roots are adversely affected, and the cervical spine is out of balance, the stability and flexibility of the cervical spine are damaged. It is reported that the incidence of cervical spondylosis is increasing year by year. Ni Wencai and other scholars believe that the abnormal stress caused by the lesion of the cervical soft tissue causes the damage of the mechanical balance structure of the cervical spine, and then causes the cervical segmental instability [1], congenital malformation, secondary trauma, degenerative changes, tumor and infection often induce cervical instability, often referring to occipital atlantoaxial instability and atlantoaxial joints. The cervical instability is a common pathological sign in the clinic. It is important for the diagnosis and treatment of cervical spondylosis to correctly understand the pathological process of the cervical spine. It is reported that the instability of the cervical vertebra of [3] can make the surrounding tissue flow stasis, venous rage and microcirculation disorder, guide the [2]. The instability of the cervical spine is more likely to stimulate the sinus nerve and the sympathetic nerve, and can also excessively pull the joint capsule and the ligaments to cause spasmodic [4].. We use the surgical methods to destroy the soft tissues such as the surrounding ligaments, muscles and fascia of the aged mice, copy the abnormal pathological model of the stability of the cervical vertebra, and observe the aging mice. The effect of brain memory function and its pathogenesis were preliminarily discussed in order to provide experimental basis for preventing the damage of neck soft tissue and avoiding brain dysfunction in clinical work.
In this experiment, the physical method, the electrocoagulation needle of the diameter 1.0mm, was used to burn the soft tissues such as the 1,2 cervical ligament and the surrounding fascia in the scalded mice, which resulted in the abnormal stability of the cervical spine and the progressive micro dislocation of the cervical joints, resulting in the distortion of the vertebral artery, the compression, the ischemic oxygen deficiency of the brain tissue, and the oxidative stress injury, and through the general shape of the mice. Comprehensive evaluation was made by means of state, behavioral detection index, histopathology and immunohistochemical observation.
In this experiment, 44 6 month old ICR mice were randomly divided into 2 groups, namely, model group, and control group. The model group cut the posterior cervical muscle after double ligature, exposed the cervical ligaments and 1,2 cervical vertebra, cut the spinous process and the cervical intervertebral ligament, then burned the scald ligament and then sutured the skin with the diameter 1.0mm, and then sutured the skin. The control group did not. The general state of mice was observed for fourth weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after making the model. The memory and intelligence of mice were detected by the diving test, water maze test and the hole plate test; HE staining of brain tissue pathology section; beta amyloid protein, casepase-3 immunohistochemical staining; brain tissue MDA, SOD, serum NO, LDH, comparison model group and The results of the platform test showed that the response period of the mice in the model group was obviously prolonged, the incubation period was obviously shortened and the number of mistakes increased significantly (P0.01). The results of water maze test showed that the time and error times of the mice in the model group were significantly increased (P0.01), indicating the occurrence of the model mice. The results of the hole plate test showed that the incubation period of the mice in the model group was obviously prolonged and the number of points in the 3min was obviously reduced. The brain tissue section HE staining showed that the brain hippocampus and the cortical neurons in the control group were stained well, the structure was complete, the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane were clear; the model group was small. The rat brain horse can see obviously scattered or continuous nerve cell death, characterized by deep cytoplasmic staining, nuclear condensation, and unclear boundary of the membrane nuclear membrane, serious occurrence of punctate interruption and more dead nerve cells in the cerebral cortex. The results of brain tissue biochemistry test showed that the MDA content in the brain tissue of the comparison model group was obvious. SOD activity decreased significantly, serum NO content increased significantly (P0.01), LDH activity decreased significantly.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：R363

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前1條

1 崔真真;飲水中硅對高脂飲食親代及子代小鼠的相關(guān)健康效應(yīng)研究[D];吉林大學;2011年

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本文編號：1898523