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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：細胞骨架蛋白α-Actinin、Actin、Vinculin在大腦皮層神經(jīng)干細胞定向分化為神經(jīng)元的時空表達　出處：《中國醫(yī)科大學》2005年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 細胞骨架蛋白 α-Actinin F-Actin Vinculin 神經(jīng)干細胞 定向分化 神經(jīng)元 時空表達

【摘要】：目的 神經(jīng)干細胞(Neural stem cell,NSC)是存在于成年哺乳動物腦內(nèi)的具有分裂及分化潛能的神經(jīng)祖細胞(Neural progenitor),在神經(jīng)營養(yǎng)因子(neurotrophic factor)及其他生長因子(growth factor)的作用下可增殖形成細胞團(神經(jīng)球),分離的神經(jīng)球細胞經(jīng)誘導(dǎo)可分化為神經(jīng)元、星形膠質(zhì)細胞、少突膠質(zhì)細胞。研究顯示,成年嗅球、皮層、室管膜層或者室管膜下層、紋狀體、海馬的齒狀回顆粒細胞層等腦組織中分布著神經(jīng)干細胞,脊髓、隔區(qū)也分離出神經(jīng)干細胞,這些研究表明,神經(jīng)干細胞廣泛存在于神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)。 在NSC向神經(jīng)元分化發(fā)育過程中,神經(jīng)突起沿特定的路線生長、延長,并伸向?qū)⑴c它建立突觸聯(lián)系的靶細胞。眾所周知,細胞的運動及形態(tài)維持依賴于細胞骨架系統(tǒng),而在神經(jīng)突起伸長及向特定的方向生長方面,生長錐(growth cone)的可動性起決定作用。 生長錐是生長中軸突與樹突末端的扇形膨大,主要分兩個區(qū)域:其呈扇形膨大部分為板足(lamellipodium),在板足的表面伸出許多細小的指狀突起,稱絲足(filopodium)。 細胞骨架是細胞內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)絲組成的網(wǎng)狀結(jié)構(gòu),包括,直徑7nm的微絲(microfilament)、直徑24nm的微管(microtubules)及直徑11nm的中間絲(intermediatefilament)。肌動蛋白是微絲的主要成分,其在生長錐的可動性中起關(guān)鍵作用,生長錐的板足及絲足的活躍運動有賴于肌動蛋白有序、快速的聚合、解聚過程。在生長錐功能活躍時,較多的肌動蛋白單體連接于F-肌動蛋白的添加端使F-肌動蛋白伸長,因肌動蛋白絲的添加端朝向板足的周圍區(qū)并伸入絲足內(nèi),肌動蛋白絲伸長的力量使絲足及板足伸展,伸展的板足周圍區(qū)(Veil)及絲足通過其膜上粘著相關(guān)分子(錨定蛋白)介導(dǎo),與基
[Abstract]:objective
Neural stem cells (Neural stem cell, NSC) is the division and differentiation of neural progenitor cells exist in the adult mammalian brain (Neural, progenitor) in neurotrophic factor (neurotrophic factor) and other growth factors (growth factor) can proliferate to form cell clusters under the action of (neurospheres), isolated nerve spherical cells can be induced into neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Studies show that the adult olfactory bulb, cortex, ependymal layer or subventricular zone, striatum, hippocampus dentate granule cell layer in the brain tissue distribution of neural stem cells, spinal cord, septal area also isolated neural stem cells, these studies show that neural stem cells widely exist in the nervous system.
During the development of neuronal differentiation in NSC, neurites along specific routes of growth, extension, and to the target cells will establish synaptic connections with it. As everyone knows, the movement and morphology of cells remain dependent on cytoskeletal system in neurite elongation and to the specific direction of growth, growth cone (growth cone) the mobility plays a decisive role.
The growth cone is the fan shaped expansion of axons and dendrites in growth, which is mainly divided into two parts: its fan-shaped expansion is mostly lamellipodium, and there are many tiny finger processes on the surface of the board, called filopodium.
The cytoskeleton is a mesh consisting of cells including silk protein, 7Nm diameter (microfilament), the diameter of 24nm microfilament microtubules (microtubules) and intermediate filament diameter of 11nm (intermediatefilament). Actin is the main component of microfilament, which play a key role in the mobility of growth cone, foot plate and silk growth cone the foot of the active movement depends on the actin orderly, rapid polymerization and depolymerization process. Active in the growth cone function, add more actin monomers end connected to the F- F- of actin actin elongation, with the addition of actin filament end toward the foot plate and extends into the area around the silk foot, actin filament elongation strength the silk foot and foot plate stretch, stretch the board foot peripheral zone (Veil) and gouramies through its membrane adhesion molecules (anchor protein mediated), and medium

【學位授予單位】：中國醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2005
【分類號】：R329

【共引文獻】

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本文編號：1416527