本文關(guān)鍵詞：次聲對(duì)大鼠前腦部分作用效應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究　出處：《第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 次聲 前腦 TRPV4 GFAP Fos

【摘要】： 次聲是由物體機(jī)械振動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的頻率為0.0001～20 Hz的聲波,其概念最早由法國(guó)科學(xué)家Gavreau于1966年提出。次聲廣泛存在于自然界和社會(huì)環(huán)境中,其頻率低,波長(zhǎng)大,傳播過(guò)程中不易被吸收,衰減甚小,傳播遠(yuǎn),穿透力強(qiáng),對(duì)生物體的作用效應(yīng)巨大。高強(qiáng)度次聲對(duì)人體有害,是生產(chǎn)噪聲和公共噪聲的重要組成部分。長(zhǎng)時(shí)間次聲作用可導(dǎo)致工作人員出現(xiàn)乏力、淡漠、抑郁、耳受壓感、注意力降低、困倦、內(nèi)臟震動(dòng)感,并可伴有顱腔靜脈血流減少。 次聲對(duì)生物體的基本作用原理是生物共振。其產(chǎn)生的效應(yīng)廣泛而復(fù)雜,涉及系統(tǒng)、器官、組織、細(xì)胞以至分子水平。以往研究表明,次聲引起的各臟器結(jié)構(gòu)與功能損傷中,最為首要的是腦的損害。腦內(nèi)多種神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)的代謝、組織細(xì)胞的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能在次聲作用下都受到影響。一定頻率和聲強(qiáng)的次聲作用一段時(shí)間,可以造成腦內(nèi)皮質(zhì)、海馬、下丘腦、邊緣系統(tǒng)等多個(gè)部位的損害,其機(jī)制復(fù)雜。 生物體必須感受環(huán)境變化,并做出反應(yīng)。近年研究發(fā)現(xiàn),瞬時(shí)感受電位蛋白(transient receptor potential, TRP)家族在哺乳動(dòng)物體內(nèi)扮演著細(xì)胞感受器的角色,將細(xì)胞外環(huán)境的變化翻譯為膜興奮性和第二信使信號(hào)(如Ca2+)的變化。它們是感覺(jué)系統(tǒng)的主力軍,可對(duì)溫度、觸摸、滲透壓、信息素、味道等多種刺激產(chǎn)生反應(yīng);不僅參與經(jīng)典的感覺(jué)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo),還是古老的細(xì)胞感覺(jué)器官,能夠感受胞內(nèi)外的各種刺激。其中TRPV4是一種滲透壓/機(jī)械感受器。近年發(fā)現(xiàn)星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞積極參與腦生理活動(dòng),它與神經(jīng)元之間相互影響,存在著廣泛的信息交流。大量證據(jù)表明,突觸興奮后突觸前終末釋放神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)使鄰近膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞內(nèi)Ca2+濃度升高,釋放不同的遞質(zhì),反饋?zhàn)饔糜谏窠?jīng)突觸,影響突觸后神經(jīng)元的興奮性,又能夠調(diào)節(jié)突觸前終末的神經(jīng)遞質(zhì)釋放。因此我們推測(cè)次聲作用引起的腦損傷可能與次聲作用過(guò)程中星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞和神經(jīng)元間的相互作用相關(guān)。 膠質(zhì)原纖維酸性蛋白(GFAP)是星形膠質(zhì)中間絲的構(gòu)成蛋白,是星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的特異性標(biāo)記物,在膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞功能活躍時(shí)表達(dá)增加,常被作為星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞活動(dòng)狀態(tài)的標(biāo)志之一。c-fos作為一種即刻早期基因廣泛作用于反應(yīng)神經(jīng)元的功能狀態(tài)。 次聲作為一種機(jī)械振動(dòng)波通過(guò)共振效應(yīng)引起動(dòng)物和人體的反應(yīng),該過(guò)程是如何由機(jī)體感知并做出反應(yīng)的,目前研究較少。為研究次聲對(duì)前腦作用的效應(yīng)過(guò)程,本實(shí)驗(yàn)依靠次聲壓力倉(cāng)系統(tǒng),建立16Hz,90dB及130dB次聲腦損傷大鼠模型,采用免疫組織化學(xué)方法觀察海馬、皮質(zhì)、下丘腦、杏仁核等部位的瞬時(shí)感受電位香草酸家族4(transient receptor potential vanilloid 4,TRPV4)通道蛋白、膠質(zhì)原纖維酸性蛋白(Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein,GFAP)以及Fos蛋白表達(dá)的情況,探討次聲作用過(guò)程中,腦細(xì)胞是如何感受次聲刺激的,在該過(guò)程中,星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞與神經(jīng)元的反應(yīng)與相互作用情況如何。 在實(shí)驗(yàn)中我們觀察到,在海馬、皮質(zhì)、下丘腦、杏仁核等部位: 1、TRPV4表達(dá):對(duì)照組基本無(wú)陽(yáng)性染色。16HZ,130dB組可見(jiàn)胞漿染色的TRPV4陽(yáng)性神經(jīng)元較對(duì)照組顯著增多,在海馬、皮質(zhì)、下丘腦室旁核和杏仁核都增多。胞體較小,胞核不明顯,二氨基聯(lián)苯胺(DAB)顯色時(shí)陽(yáng)性物質(zhì)呈深藍(lán)色。16Hz,90dB組在相同部位也出現(xiàn)TRPV4陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞。每個(gè)部位各組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 2、GFAP表達(dá):對(duì)照組大鼠上述部位GFAP陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞胞體小,突起細(xì)而互相平行,分支少,染色淺。16HZ,130dB組可見(jiàn)GFAP陽(yáng)性星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞胞體較對(duì)照組明顯增大,突起增粗,數(shù)量增加,密度增加,灰度加深;16HZ,90dB組GFAP陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞也較對(duì)照組增多,但較130dB組為少;每個(gè)部位各組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P 0.05)。 3、Fos表達(dá):對(duì)照組大鼠上述部位Fos陽(yáng)性神經(jīng)元很少。16HZ,130dB組可見(jiàn)胞核染色的Fos陽(yáng)性神經(jīng)元較對(duì)照組顯著增多;16HZ,90dB組Fos陽(yáng)性神經(jīng)元也較對(duì)照組增多,但較130dB組為少;每個(gè)部位各組間差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P 0.05)。 研究結(jié)果提示: 16HZ,90dB和130dB次聲作用可以引起大鼠海馬、皮質(zhì)、下丘腦室旁核及杏仁核TRPV4陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞表達(dá)較對(duì)照組增多,提示腦細(xì)胞可能是通過(guò)TRPV4蛋白感受次聲這種機(jī)械刺激;同時(shí)上述部位實(shí)驗(yàn)組GFAP陽(yáng)性星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞和fos陽(yáng)性神經(jīng)元的表達(dá)也較對(duì)照組增多,分布一致,關(guān)系密切。上述部位神經(jīng)元和星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞的激活可能分別與次聲引起的學(xué)習(xí)記憶功能損害、應(yīng)激反應(yīng)相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Infrasound is caused by body mechanical vibration frequency is 0.0001 ~ 20 Hz wave, the concept was first proposed by French scientist Gavreau in 1966. Infrasound exists widely in the nature and social environment, the low frequency waves grow up, can't be absorbed in the process of communication, the attenuation is very small, far transmission, strong penetration the role, effects to the organism is huge. High intensity infrasound is harmful to the human body, is an important part of production and public noise. Long time exposure to infrasound can cause staff fatigue, apathy, depression, ear compression feeling, attention decreased, drowsiness visceral vibration feeling, and can reduce with cranial venous flow.
The basic principle of infrasound effect on the organism's biological resonance whose effects are extensive and complex, involving the system, organ, tissue, cell and molecule. Previous studies showed that the structure and function of organ damage caused by infrasound, the most important is brain damage. Neurotransmitters in brain metabolism, structure and the function of tissues and cells are affected by infrasound. Infrasound of certain frequency and intensity for a period of time, can cause brain cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, limbic system and other parts of the damage, the mechanism is complicated.
The organism must feel the changes of environment, and respond. Recent studies have found that transient receptor potential protein (transient receptor potential, TRP) family plays a role in cell receptors in mammals, the changes of extracellular environment for membrane excitability and second messenger signals (such as Ca2+) change. They are the main force of feeling system, to touch, temperature, osmotic pressure, pheromone, taste and other stimuli; sensory transduction is not only involved in the classic, or old cells of sensory organs, can feel the extracellular stimuli. TRPV4 is a kind of osmotic pressure / mechanoreceptors. In recent years found that astrocytes actively participate in brain physiological activity, interaction between it and neurons, the existence of information communication. Evidence suggests that synaptic excitatory neurotransmitter release after presynaptic terminals of adjacent glial cells The Ca2+ concentration increased, the release of different neurotransmitters, the feedback effect on nerve synapses, affect the excitability of postsynaptic neurons, neurotransmitters and can regulate presynaptic terminal release. So we speculate that the related brain injury may be associated with infrasound induced by infrasound of star shaped glial cells and neurons in the interaction.
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a glial intermediate filament protein composition, is a specific marker of astrocytes, increased expression of glial cells in the active function, function is often as a sign of astrocyte activity state of.C-fos as an immediate early gene is widely expressed in neurons in response.
Infrasound as a mechanical vibration wave through the resonance effect caused by human and animal reaction, the process of how the body sense and respond, there has been little research. To investigate the effect of infrasound on the role of forebrain process, the experiment on infrasonic pressure chamber system, the establishment of 16Hz, 90dB and 130dB in rat model of infrasonic brain injury. Study of the hippocampus, immunohistochemistry cortex, hypothalamus, amygdala and other parts of the transient receptor potential vanilloid family 4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4, TRPV4) channel protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (Glial Fibrillar Acidic Protein, GFAP) and the expression of Fos protein, to explore the effects of infrasound in the process of brain cells how is the feeling of infrasound, in this process, how to astrocytes and neuron responses and interaction.
In the experiment, we observed that in the hippocampus, the cortex, the hypothalamus, the amygdala, and other parts:
1, the expression of TRPV4: the control group have no positive staining of.16HZ, TRPV4, 130dB group showed cytoplasmic staining positive neurons increased significantly, compared with the control group in the hippocampus, cortex, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus and amygdala are increased. Smaller cell body, the nucleus is not obvious, two amino benzidine (DAB) color positive material a dark blue.16Hz, 90dB group, TRPV4 positive cells appeared in the same location. There were statistically significant differences between groups for each site (P0.05).
2, the expression of GFAP: the rats in the control group the parts of the bodies of GFAP positive cells is small, thin and protruding parallel to each other, fewer branches, pale staining.16HZ, 130dB group showed GFAP positive astrocytes cells compared with the control group significantly increased, the increase in the number of neurites thickening, increased density, gray 16HZ, 90dB group to deepen; GFAP positive cells increased significantly than the control group, but less than the 130dB group; there were statistically significant differences between groups for each site (P 0.05).
3, the expression of Fos positive neurons in the control part of the rats in group Fos little.16HZ, 130dB group showed cell nuclear staining of Fos positive neurons increased significantly than the control group; 16HZ 90dB group, Fos positive neurons also increased significantly than the control group, but less than the 130dB group; there were statistically significant differences between groups (0.05 in each part of P).
The results of this study suggest that 16HZ, 90dB and 130dB infrasound can induce rat hippocampus, cortex, hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of the amygdala and the expression of TRPV4 positive cells increased significantly than the control group, suggesting that brain cells may feel this infrasound mechanical stimulation by TRPV4 protein; while the expression of glial cells and Fos positive neurons in the experimental group of GFAP positive astrocytes of the site it was more than that in control group, the same distribution, are closely related. The positions of neurons and astrocytes activation and impairment of learning and memory may be caused by infrasound, stress.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：R363

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 袁華,陳景藻,李玲,饒志仁,邱建勇;次聲作用后大鼠腦中熱休克蛋白70的表達(dá)和分布[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1998年06期

2 韓良輔,陳景藻,肖華勝;次聲作用引起大鼠下丘腦c-fos mRNA與CRF mRNA的表達(dá)[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1999年01期

3 費(fèi)舟,章翔,王曉峰,劉先珍,陳景藻,賈克勇;次聲作用后大鼠血腦屏障的改變及意義[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);1999年08期

4 黃文晉,賈克勇,張萍,肖華勝,韓良輔,陳鑌復(fù),陳景藻,鞠躬;次聲作用后大鼠下丘腦HSP70的表達(dá)[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2000年02期

5 肖華勝,薛泳濤,張萍,賈克勇,程希平,黃文晉,陳鑌復(fù),陳景藻,鞠躬;次聲對(duì)大鼠大腦皮層神經(jīng)元型NOS和誘導(dǎo)型NOS mRNA表達(dá)的影響[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2000年08期

6 劉恩渝,費(fèi)舟,章翔,陳景藻,李志剛,劉先珍;次聲作用下大鼠腦皮質(zhì)內(nèi)谷氨酸及其代謝型受體1亞型mRNA的變化[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2001年23期

7 葉琳,龔書明,黃曉峰,王楓,劉靜,陳景藻;次聲作用對(duì)鼠大腦皮層超微結(jié)構(gòu)的影響[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年09期

8 劉恩渝,費(fèi)舟,章翔,陳景藻,白紅民,劉先珍;Ⅱ組mGluRs激動(dòng)劑DCG-Ⅳ對(duì)大鼠腦皮質(zhì)次聲損傷干預(yù)作用探討[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年23期

9 魏智鈞,李玲,陳景藻,王斌,饒志仁,劉靜,李薇,賈克勇,邱建勇,劉慧玲;130dB次聲對(duì)大鼠紋狀體NOS陽(yáng)性神經(jīng)元及ChAT免疫陽(yáng)性神經(jīng)元表達(dá)的影響[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2003年04期

10 劉朝暉,陳景藻,王志鵬,陳丹,李靜,金成;8 Hz/130 dB次聲對(duì)大鼠海馬細(xì)胞內(nèi)鈣離子濃度的影響[J];第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2004年04期

，

本文編號(hào)：1363822