流動女工健康話語的建構(gòu)與傳播研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-30 09:03
【摘要】：流動女工群體是城市里的底層工作者,較低的社會經(jīng)濟地位讓她們面臨著嚴重的健康不平等問題。從國家到地方,政府出臺了一系列保護流動女工權(quán)益和促進健康的政策,推行了改善流動女工生殖健康的發(fā)展項目,但是并未觸動到健康問題的根源,即權(quán)力關(guān)系和社會制度安排。面對困境,一批由流動女工自發(fā)組織的草根NGO迅速成長起來,她們在國際NGO和政府部門的支持下,建立了女工小組,開展了豐富多樣的健康傳播活動。因此需要關(guān)注草根NGO的活動給流動女工的健康帶來了什么樣的影響。健康傳播研究的“新興”理論取向質(zhì)疑了生物醫(yī)療范式和勸服人們行為改變的研究傳統(tǒng),在吸收了社會和文化理論之后,它認為人們對健康的理解是一個意義建構(gòu)的過程,而語言是意義的載體。由此,健康傳播研究開始了對健康、疾病、醫(yī)療的話語研究的轉(zhuǎn)向。其中,批判性話語分析關(guān)注了社會結(jié)構(gòu)因素、權(quán)力關(guān)系和意識形態(tài)的作用,適用于針對弱勢群體健康不平等的研究。同時,流動女工的性別身份預(yù)設(shè)了采用女性主義健康研究理論的必要性。因此,研究者從批判的健康傳播理論視角出發(fā),結(jié)合批判性話語分析和社會性別理論,研究流動女工健康話語的建構(gòu)和傳播過程,即流動女工是怎樣理解健康和疾病的,草根NGO的出現(xiàn)建構(gòu)了何種健康話語,如何進行傳播,又是如何影響到了流動女工甚至整個社區(qū)。通過與深圳草根NGO綠色薔薇社會工作服務(wù)中心聯(lián)系,研究者以機構(gòu)實習(xí)生的身份進入深圳市六約社區(qū)開展田野調(diào)查。正式調(diào)查時間段為2016年10月到12月。研究者采用了參與觀察法參與綠色薔薇的日常工作和健康傳播活動,搜集了大量的文本資料;另外使用深度訪談法和滾雪球抽樣,訪問并記錄了44個流動女工、男工、兒童和NGO工作人員。隨后研究者對文本和錄音資料進行整理,采用批判性話語分析予以解讀。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在從老家到深圳打工的時空轉(zhuǎn)換過程中,流動女工的日常健康經(jīng)驗反映了健康缺席和在場的不同狀態(tài),老家的“貧困”話語、工廠的“苦力”話語和醫(yī)患矛盾話語都體現(xiàn)了國家、資本和父權(quán)對流動女工身心健康的壓迫。流動女工認為“最低工資”和排斥性的社會制度是她們被邊緣化的原因。在這種情況下,她們只能“自我決策”“自我安慰”或寄希望于命運的改善。流動女工的健康話語受到了嚴重的壓抑,再生產(chǎn)了主流的意識形態(tài)。在疾病情境下,職業(yè)病女工對自己患病經(jīng)歷的敘事,講述了資本權(quán)力如何傷害了女工身心健康,以及她們?nèi)绾卫斫饴殬I(yè)病,如何積極尋求法律的援助來爭取健康和生存的權(quán)利。在身份認同的過程中,她們經(jīng)歷了合法性認同、資本權(quán)力的“拖延術(shù)”和“作為武器的弱者身份”的抗爭。草根NGO為職業(yè)病工友們提供法律話語援助,支持了反抗的意識形態(tài)。草根NGO最重要的話語貢獻在于建構(gòu)了女性主義的健康話語。從《工友天地》、Z機構(gòu)的文本內(nèi)容中可以看出,它們是如何從缺乏社會性別意識發(fā)展到建構(gòu)了整合批判的女性主義健康話語的。綠色薔薇吸收了兩者的經(jīng)驗,建構(gòu)了“我的身體我做主”的話語,通過揭露商業(yè)話語、利用醫(yī)療話語以及破除健康迷思,來突出社會性別意識形態(tài)的重要作用,發(fā)展流動女工的主體效能。其在話語策略上主要應(yīng)用了敘事、隱喻和互文手段,強化了女性主義健康意識和女工對健康話語的認同。綠色薔薇將建構(gòu)的健康話語通過兩個途徑傳播出去,一個是對內(nèi)傳播,另一個是對外倡導(dǎo)。對內(nèi)傳播以女工小組的形式展開,采用主題活動、同伴教育的方式傳播了較多性健康知識。在對外倡導(dǎo)方面,運用視頻、音頻、圖像、聲音等來塑造女工健康的形象,并積極探索政策倡導(dǎo)的途徑。隨著傳播實踐的深入,綠色薔薇探索出一條以文藝倡導(dǎo)的雙向傳播策略,并開發(fā)了“外圍”策略解決流動女工在健康上的社會適應(yīng)問題。草根NGO對流動女工健康話語的建構(gòu)與傳播具有賦權(quán)性的意義。一方面,流動女工身心健康狀況有了一定程度的改善;另一方面,核心義工們開始有了健康權(quán)利的意識、社會性別意識,身體自主性意識,并積極為集體利益發(fā)聲。盡管在機構(gòu)層面上草根NGO不斷發(fā)展了社會資源和機構(gòu)間的合作,但卻在社區(qū)賦權(quán)方面難以獲得實質(zhì)性的突破。結(jié)論部分強調(diào)了健康的社會性意義和健康傳播研究置于社會情境的重要性。研究者認為必須從主體性視角出發(fā)來認識人們的健康經(jīng)驗,理解健康話語的建構(gòu)過程和機制。草根NGO的所建構(gòu)的女性主義健康話語揭示了其與主導(dǎo)話語和意識形態(tài)沖突。與此同時,草根NGO的話語傳播經(jīng)驗值得借鑒,它能夠提升女工在健康方面的社會性別意識,創(chuàng)造弱勢群體發(fā)聲的機會,并鼓勵創(chuàng)造更多的社會行動。未來,草根NGO如何發(fā)展與學(xué)者、政府的關(guān)系和開展政策倡導(dǎo)活動是進一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:The group of migrant workers is the bottom-level worker in the city, and the lower socioeconomic status makes them face serious health inequalities. From country to place, the government issued a series of policies to protect the rights and interests of women migrant workers and promote health, and promoted the development of reproductive health for women migrant workers, but did not touch the root causes of health problems, namely power relations and social system arrangement. In the face of the dilemma, a batch of grass-roots NGOs, organized by mobile women migrant workers, grew rapidly and, with the support of international NGOs and government departments, set up a group of women workers to carry out a variety of health dissemination activities. There is therefore a need to focus on the impact of grassroots NGO activities on the health of women migrant workers. Research on health propagation "Emerging" The theory orientation questions the research tradition of biological medical paradigm and persuasion of people's behavior change. After absorbing social and cultural theories, it thinks people's understanding of health is a process of meaning construction, and language is the carrier of meaning. Thus, health dissemination studies have begun to turn to health, disease, medical discourse studies. Critical Discourse Analysis focuses on the role of social structural factors, power relations and ideology, and is applicable to the study of health inequalities of vulnerable groups. At the same time, the gender identity of migrant workers presupposes the necessity of adopting feminist health research theory. Therefore, based on the critical health communication theory, the researcher combines the critical theory analysis and the social gender theory to study the construction and propagation process of healthy discourse of migrant workers, i.e. how women migrant workers understand health and disease, what kind of health discourse has been constructed by grass-roots NGOs, How to spread, and how to influence women migrant workers and even the entire community. Through the contact with the Green Rose Social Work Service Center of the grassroots NGO in Shenzhen, the investigators entered the six communities in Shenzhen to conduct field investigation as an intern. The formal investigation period was from October to December 2016. The researchers used the observation method to participate in the daily work and health dissemination activities of the Green Rose and collected a large number of text data; in addition, 44 mobile women workers, male workers, children and NGO staff were accessed and recorded using depth mapping and snowball sampling. The researchers then sort out the text and audio recordings and interpret them using critical analysis. It is found that in the process of space-time transformation from home to Shenzhen, the daily health experience of migrant workers reflects the different states of health absence and presence. "Poverty" Of words, factories. "Bitter force" Discourse and doctor-patient contradiction discourse embody the oppression of state, capital and father's right to the physical and mental health of migrant women workers. in that opinion of the migrant worker, Minimum Wage and exclusionary social systems are the reasons for their marginalization. in this case, they can only Self-decision Self-comfort or hope for an improvement in fate. The healthy speech of women migrant workers was severely suppressed and the mainstream ideology was reproduced. In the context of disease, occupational disease workers' narration of their own illness tells about how capital power hurts the physical and mental health of women workers, and how they understand the occupational disease, how to actively seek the assistance of law to strive for the right to health and survival. In the process of identity recognition, they experienced legal recognition and capital authority. "procrastination" and "The weak identity of a weapon." A struggle. Grass-roots NGOs provide legal discourse assistance to occupational-disease workers and support the ideology of resistance. The most important contribution of grass-roots NGOs is to construct the healthy discourse of feminism. It can be seen from the text content of "Friends and Heaven" and Z-mechanism how they developed from the lack of social gender consciousness to the feminist health discourse that constructed the criticism. The green rose absorbs the experience of both, and constructs" My body is my body. "The discourse, by exposing business discourse, using medical discourse and breaking health myth, to highlight the important role of social gender ideology, to develop the main body performance of migrant women workers. The discourse strategy mainly uses narrative, metaphor and intertextual means to strengthen the feminist consciousness of health and the recognition of female workers' health discourse. The healthy discourse of green rose is spread out through two ways, one is internal communication, and the other is external advocacy. Internal communication is carried out in the form of a group of women workers, and more sexual health knowledge is disseminated in the form of thematic activities and peer education. In the field of foreign advocacy, use video, audio, image, sound, etc. to shape the image of female worker's health, and actively explore the way of policy advocacy. With the deepening of dissemination practice, the green rose explored a two-way communication strategy advocated by literature and art and developed" Peripheral "Strategies address the social adaptation of women migrant workers to health. Grass-roots NGOs have an empowering sense for the construction and dissemination of healthy discourse of migrant workers. On the one hand, there has been some improvement in the physical and mental health of the women migrant workers; on the other hand, the core volunteers began to have the consciousness of the right to health, the gender consciousness, the consciousness of body autonomy, and the sound of collective interests. Although grass-roots NGOs continue to develop social resources and inter-agency cooperation at the institutional level, it is difficult to obtain substantive breakthroughs in the empowerment of communities. Conclusion Part emphasizes the social significance of health and the importance of health communication research in social context. The researchers believe that it is necessary to recognize people's health experience from the perspective of subjectivity and understand the construction process and mechanism of healthy discourse. The feminist health discourse constructed by grass-roots NGO reveals its conflict with dominant discourse and ideology. At the same time, grassroots NGO discourse dissemination experience is worth reference, it can improve the social gender consciousness of women workers in health, create opportunities for sound generation of vulnerable groups, and encourage the creation of more social action. In the future, how to develop the relationship between grass-roots NGO and scholar, government and conduct policy advocacy is the direction of further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G206
，
本文編號：2299556
[Abstract]:The group of migrant workers is the bottom-level worker in the city, and the lower socioeconomic status makes them face serious health inequalities. From country to place, the government issued a series of policies to protect the rights and interests of women migrant workers and promote health, and promoted the development of reproductive health for women migrant workers, but did not touch the root causes of health problems, namely power relations and social system arrangement. In the face of the dilemma, a batch of grass-roots NGOs, organized by mobile women migrant workers, grew rapidly and, with the support of international NGOs and government departments, set up a group of women workers to carry out a variety of health dissemination activities. There is therefore a need to focus on the impact of grassroots NGO activities on the health of women migrant workers. Research on health propagation "Emerging" The theory orientation questions the research tradition of biological medical paradigm and persuasion of people's behavior change. After absorbing social and cultural theories, it thinks people's understanding of health is a process of meaning construction, and language is the carrier of meaning. Thus, health dissemination studies have begun to turn to health, disease, medical discourse studies. Critical Discourse Analysis focuses on the role of social structural factors, power relations and ideology, and is applicable to the study of health inequalities of vulnerable groups. At the same time, the gender identity of migrant workers presupposes the necessity of adopting feminist health research theory. Therefore, based on the critical health communication theory, the researcher combines the critical theory analysis and the social gender theory to study the construction and propagation process of healthy discourse of migrant workers, i.e. how women migrant workers understand health and disease, what kind of health discourse has been constructed by grass-roots NGOs, How to spread, and how to influence women migrant workers and even the entire community. Through the contact with the Green Rose Social Work Service Center of the grassroots NGO in Shenzhen, the investigators entered the six communities in Shenzhen to conduct field investigation as an intern. The formal investigation period was from October to December 2016. The researchers used the observation method to participate in the daily work and health dissemination activities of the Green Rose and collected a large number of text data; in addition, 44 mobile women workers, male workers, children and NGO staff were accessed and recorded using depth mapping and snowball sampling. The researchers then sort out the text and audio recordings and interpret them using critical analysis. It is found that in the process of space-time transformation from home to Shenzhen, the daily health experience of migrant workers reflects the different states of health absence and presence. "Poverty" Of words, factories. "Bitter force" Discourse and doctor-patient contradiction discourse embody the oppression of state, capital and father's right to the physical and mental health of migrant women workers. in that opinion of the migrant worker, Minimum Wage and exclusionary social systems are the reasons for their marginalization. in this case, they can only Self-decision Self-comfort or hope for an improvement in fate. The healthy speech of women migrant workers was severely suppressed and the mainstream ideology was reproduced. In the context of disease, occupational disease workers' narration of their own illness tells about how capital power hurts the physical and mental health of women workers, and how they understand the occupational disease, how to actively seek the assistance of law to strive for the right to health and survival. In the process of identity recognition, they experienced legal recognition and capital authority. "procrastination" and "The weak identity of a weapon." A struggle. Grass-roots NGOs provide legal discourse assistance to occupational-disease workers and support the ideology of resistance. The most important contribution of grass-roots NGOs is to construct the healthy discourse of feminism. It can be seen from the text content of "Friends and Heaven" and Z-mechanism how they developed from the lack of social gender consciousness to the feminist health discourse that constructed the criticism. The green rose absorbs the experience of both, and constructs" My body is my body. "The discourse, by exposing business discourse, using medical discourse and breaking health myth, to highlight the important role of social gender ideology, to develop the main body performance of migrant women workers. The discourse strategy mainly uses narrative, metaphor and intertextual means to strengthen the feminist consciousness of health and the recognition of female workers' health discourse. The healthy discourse of green rose is spread out through two ways, one is internal communication, and the other is external advocacy. Internal communication is carried out in the form of a group of women workers, and more sexual health knowledge is disseminated in the form of thematic activities and peer education. In the field of foreign advocacy, use video, audio, image, sound, etc. to shape the image of female worker's health, and actively explore the way of policy advocacy. With the deepening of dissemination practice, the green rose explored a two-way communication strategy advocated by literature and art and developed" Peripheral "Strategies address the social adaptation of women migrant workers to health. Grass-roots NGOs have an empowering sense for the construction and dissemination of healthy discourse of migrant workers. On the one hand, there has been some improvement in the physical and mental health of the women migrant workers; on the other hand, the core volunteers began to have the consciousness of the right to health, the gender consciousness, the consciousness of body autonomy, and the sound of collective interests. Although grass-roots NGOs continue to develop social resources and inter-agency cooperation at the institutional level, it is difficult to obtain substantive breakthroughs in the empowerment of communities. Conclusion Part emphasizes the social significance of health and the importance of health communication research in social context. The researchers believe that it is necessary to recognize people's health experience from the perspective of subjectivity and understand the construction process and mechanism of healthy discourse. The feminist health discourse constructed by grass-roots NGO reveals its conflict with dominant discourse and ideology. At the same time, grassroots NGO discourse dissemination experience is worth reference, it can improve the social gender consciousness of women workers in health, create opportunities for sound generation of vulnerable groups, and encourage the creation of more social action. In the future, how to develop the relationship between grass-roots NGO and scholar, government and conduct policy advocacy is the direction of further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國社會科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G206
，
本文編號：2299556
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