【摘要】：島崎藤村是日本家喻戶曉的詩(shī)人、散文家、小說家,在日本文學(xué)史上具有舉足輕重的地位。其一生經(jīng)歷了明治、大正、昭和三個(gè)時(shí)代,可以說島崎藤村的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作生涯代表了日本文學(xué)在這三個(gè)時(shí)代的發(fā)展。從最先的浪漫主義詩(shī)人到后期的自然主義作家,島崎藤村的創(chuàng)作手法和創(chuàng)作內(nèi)容在發(fā)生著變化,然而作者心中對(duì)封建思想、封建制度的唾棄,以及對(duì)近代思想的追求沒有改變,甚至越來越清晰。這點(diǎn)與作者的人生經(jīng)歷是密不可分的。浪漫主義、自然主義等因素對(duì)島崎藤村的思想和創(chuàng)作都起著重要的作用�！镀平洹肥菎u崎藤村的第一部長(zhǎng)篇小說,被夏目漱石稱為“明治第一部小說”。在這部作品中,作者塑造了丑松這一人物形象,同時(shí)也是其自身的一個(gè)縮影,并且借用“戒”這一意象貫穿全文。通過主人公丑松在“守戒”與“破戒”這一過程中的痛苦與掙扎,賦予“戒”以深刻的社會(huì)意義�！敖洹钡拇嬖趤碓从谏鐣�(huì)對(duì)部落民的歧視,而文中對(duì)部落民的種種評(píng)價(jià)、不公待遇的描寫,則更加揭示了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)部落問題的嚴(yán)重性;《破戒》中丑松對(duì)父親又敬又怕,其根源在于日本自古以來的封建家長(zhǎng)制度。父親作為一個(gè)家族的“家長(zhǎng)”,有著至高無上的權(quán)威,這使得丑松無法輕易違背父親的告誡。這也是“戒”一直以來困擾丑松的原因之一。丑松的困擾恰恰體現(xiàn)了封建家長(zhǎng)制度對(duì)一個(gè)人個(gè)性的束縛;丑松作為一個(gè)先進(jìn)的知識(shí)分子,多年來接受西方的教育和思想。自由平等的近代思想與頑固守舊的封建思想相沖突,在這種新舊思想的撞擊中,丑松最終選擇了“破戒”,追求個(gè)性的自由和自我的解放�！敖洹边@一意象不僅揭露了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)對(duì)部落民的歧視,還表現(xiàn)出了作者對(duì)封建家長(zhǎng)制的反思以及對(duì)近代自我的探求。
[Abstract]:Takasaki is a well-known Japanese poet, essayist and novelist, and plays an important role in the history of Japanese literature. His life has experienced Meiji, Dazheng, Zhaohe three times, it can be said that Shimizaki Fujimura's literary creation career represents the development of Japanese literature in these three times. From the first romantic poet to the later naturalistic writer, the creative techniques and contents of Shimazaki Fujimura are changing. However, the author's spurn on feudal thought, feudal system and the pursuit of modern thought have not changed. It's even getting clearer and clearer. This is inextricably linked to the author's life experience. Romanticism, naturalism and other factors play an important role in the thought and creation of Takasaki. Breaking the precepts is the first novel of Shimazaki, which is called the first Meiji novel by Xia Mu Shu Shi. In this work, the author portrays the character image of ugly Song, but also a microcosm of himself, and borrows the image of "precepts" throughout the full text. Through the pain and struggle of the protagonist ugly Song in the process of "keeping the precepts" and "breaking the precepts", the "precepts" are endowed with profound social significance. The existence of "precepts" comes from the discrimination of tribesmen in society, and the description of all kinds of evaluation and unfair treatment of tribesmen in this paper reveals the seriousness of the social tribal problems at that time. In broken precepts, ugly Song is respectful and afraid of his father, which is rooted in the feudal patriarchal system in Japan since ancient times. Father, as a "parent" of a family, has supreme authority, which makes it impossible for ugly Song to easily violate his father's warning. This is also one of the reasons why the abstinence has been bothering ugly loose. Ugly Song's troubles precisely reflect the feudal parental system's restraint on a person's personality. Ugly Song, as an advanced intellectual, has received western education and thought for many years. The modern thought of freedom and equality conflicts with the stubborn and conservative feudal thought. In the impact of this old and new thought, ugly Song finally chooses to break the precepts, pursue the freedom of individuality and liberate himself. The image of "precepts" not only exposed the social discrimination against the tribesmen at that time, but also showed the author's reflection on the feudal patriarchal system and the exploration of the modern self.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I313.074

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