《約翰王》的新歷史主義解讀
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-20 09:46
【摘要】：《約翰王》主要講述了金雀花王朝時期約翰王與亞瑟王子之間爭奪英格蘭王位的故事。本文運用斯蒂芬·格林布拉特的社會能量說對《約翰王》中不同社會能量如宗教、主權和階級參與之間的協(xié)商進行分析,試圖證明《約翰王》的寫作參與了伊麗莎白一世時期有關英國民族主權國家的政治爭論。本文由導論、主體和結(jié)論三部分構(gòu)成。導論部分介紹了《約翰王》的內(nèi)容、研究狀況、以及本文擬運用的理論基礎。主體部分從三個方面對本文論點進行詳細論述。第一章分析了《約翰王》中宗教能量的協(xié)商。莎士比亞對該劇的改編既保留了約翰王的新教英雄形象,又呈現(xiàn)了約翰王對天主教的屈服。這種看似不明朗的宗教態(tài)度實則是受到從國家利益出發(fā)的民族意識的影響而對英國國教的維護。第二章分析了《約翰王》中國家主權的協(xié)商。劇中約翰王用政治聯(lián)姻和法國領土作為交換來保障他的英國國王地位,而這部分的領土丟失則實現(xiàn)了真正意義上的“英國”領土主權完整,英法之間的民族差異隨之加強。同時,也為十六世紀加萊的失去提供了有利的辯護。而在這場王位爭奪戰(zhàn)中,約翰王與亞瑟王子所代表的英法勢力也是民族身份的差異,莎士比亞通過對亞瑟勢力的削弱杜絕了外國勢力對英國主權的干擾。在國家內(nèi)在主權方面,莎士比亞將伊麗莎白的身體政治策略納入文本,將君主的個人身體與主權分離,服務于民族意識的散播。第三章分析了《約翰王》中不同階級對政治生活的參與。劇中底層階級和貴族階級對政治生活的積極參與實際上是對現(xiàn)實社會中伊麗莎白一世繼承人問題的指涉。莎士比亞對這場爭奪戰(zhàn)給出的解決之道是無論誰登上王位,只要有人民的忠誠愛國,英國就不可被戰(zhàn)勝。這也是莎士比亞對當時英國王位繼承人問題所持的態(tài)度。而私生子福康布里奇放棄遺產(chǎn)選擇做一名一無所有的皇家騎士,最后一躍成為英國國王的代言人。他是中下層階級通過將個人追求與國家命運相連而改變自身階級地位狀況的典型代表。這些都對觀眾的民族情懷具有巨大的催化作用。結(jié)論部分對以上分析進行總結(jié):通過展現(xiàn)不同社會能量之間的協(xié)商,《約翰王》的寫作參與了伊麗莎白一世時期如何將英國塑造成一個民族主權國家的政治爭論,并為英國民族主權意識的形成提供了文學想象的動力。
[Abstract]:King John mainly tells the story of King John and King Arthur fighting for the throne of England during the Canary Dynasty. This paper uses Stephen Greenblatt's social energy theory to analyze the negotiation between different social energies such as religion, sovereignty and class participation in King John. Attempts to prove that King John's writing was involved in the political debate over British national sovereignty during the Elizabeth I period. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The introduction introduces the content of King John, the research situation and the theoretical basis of this paper. The main part discusses the thesis from three aspects in detail. The first chapter analyzes the negotiation of religious energy in King John. Shakespeare's adaptation of the play not only preserves John's Protestant hero image, but also presents John's submission to Catholicism. This seemingly uncertain religious attitude is influenced by the national consciousness in the interest of the nation and maintains the Anglican Church. The second chapter analyzes the negotiation of state sovereignty in King John. In the play, King John uses political marriage and French territory as an exchange to protect his status as King of England, and the loss of this part of the territory realizes the real "British" territorial integrity, and the national differences between Britain and France are strengthened. At the same time, it also provides a favorable defense for the loss of Calais in the sixteenth century. In this battle for the throne, the British and French powers represented by King John and King Arthur were also different. Shakespeare prevented foreign powers from interfering with British sovereignty by weakening Arthur's power. In the aspect of the internal sovereignty of the state, Shakespeare incorporated Elizabeth's body politics strategy into the text, separated the monarch's body from sovereignty, and served the dissemination of national consciousness. The third chapter analyzes the participation of different classes in the political life in King John. The active participation of the lower class and the aristocratic class in the political life in the play is in fact a reference to the question of Elizabeth I's successor in the real society. Shakespeare's solution to the battle was that no matter who ascended to the throne, England could not be defeated with the loyalty and patriotism of the people. This was Shakespeare's attitude to the question of the heir to the British throne at that time. His illegitimate son, Foucambridge, gave up his legacy and chose to be a dispossessed royal knight, and finally became the voice of the British king. He is a typical representative of the middle-and lower-class changing their class status by connecting the individual pursuit with the destiny of the country. These are the audience's national feelings have a huge catalytic role. The conclusion part summarizes the above analysis: by showing the negotiation between different social energies, King John's writing is involved in the political debate about how Elizabeth I shaped Britain as a national sovereign state. It provides the motive force of literary imagination for the formation of British national sovereignty consciousness.
【學位授予單位】：四川外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I561.073
本文編號：2344573
[Abstract]:King John mainly tells the story of King John and King Arthur fighting for the throne of England during the Canary Dynasty. This paper uses Stephen Greenblatt's social energy theory to analyze the negotiation between different social energies such as religion, sovereignty and class participation in King John. Attempts to prove that King John's writing was involved in the political debate over British national sovereignty during the Elizabeth I period. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The introduction introduces the content of King John, the research situation and the theoretical basis of this paper. The main part discusses the thesis from three aspects in detail. The first chapter analyzes the negotiation of religious energy in King John. Shakespeare's adaptation of the play not only preserves John's Protestant hero image, but also presents John's submission to Catholicism. This seemingly uncertain religious attitude is influenced by the national consciousness in the interest of the nation and maintains the Anglican Church. The second chapter analyzes the negotiation of state sovereignty in King John. In the play, King John uses political marriage and French territory as an exchange to protect his status as King of England, and the loss of this part of the territory realizes the real "British" territorial integrity, and the national differences between Britain and France are strengthened. At the same time, it also provides a favorable defense for the loss of Calais in the sixteenth century. In this battle for the throne, the British and French powers represented by King John and King Arthur were also different. Shakespeare prevented foreign powers from interfering with British sovereignty by weakening Arthur's power. In the aspect of the internal sovereignty of the state, Shakespeare incorporated Elizabeth's body politics strategy into the text, separated the monarch's body from sovereignty, and served the dissemination of national consciousness. The third chapter analyzes the participation of different classes in the political life in King John. The active participation of the lower class and the aristocratic class in the political life in the play is in fact a reference to the question of Elizabeth I's successor in the real society. Shakespeare's solution to the battle was that no matter who ascended to the throne, England could not be defeated with the loyalty and patriotism of the people. This was Shakespeare's attitude to the question of the heir to the British throne at that time. His illegitimate son, Foucambridge, gave up his legacy and chose to be a dispossessed royal knight, and finally became the voice of the British king. He is a typical representative of the middle-and lower-class changing their class status by connecting the individual pursuit with the destiny of the country. These are the audience's national feelings have a huge catalytic role. The conclusion part summarizes the above analysis: by showing the negotiation between different social energies, King John's writing is involved in the political debate about how Elizabeth I shaped Britain as a national sovereign state. It provides the motive force of literary imagination for the formation of British national sovereignty consciousness.
【學位授予單位】：四川外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I561.073
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