【摘要】：安部公房是一位受存在主義和超現(xiàn)實(shí)主義影響的當(dāng)代日本著名作家。他的作品場景獨(dú)特,故事背景架空,想象力極其豐富。安部公房擅長建立迥然不同于現(xiàn)實(shí)的虛擬世界,作品大膽新穎,而且諷刺現(xiàn)實(shí),力圖向人們展示社會(huì)的不合理性。安部公房青年時(shí)期顛沛流離的生活給他帶來了一種“無故鄉(xiāng)”的愁緒。這種情節(jié)影響安部公房在進(jìn)行文學(xué)創(chuàng)作的時(shí)候,都會(huì)莫名的將主人公設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)不強(qiáng)調(diào)“故鄉(xiāng)”的人。這種情緒分別反應(yīng)在他不同階段的小說中,都有一種無故鄉(xiāng)化或輕視故鄉(xiāng)這一傾向。薩特的存在主義的三個(gè)主要觀點(diǎn)符合當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)的需求,被引入日本國內(nèi)和日本文學(xué)之中。安部公房的各作品中均通過明喻暗喻的方法表達(dá)了薩特存在主義的三個(gè)主要觀點(diǎn)。在《砂女》這部小說中,“存在先于本質(zhì)”即人對(duì)自身價(jià)值的追求,明確了人存在的意義,即人應(yīng)該去尋找自己的價(jià)值;“世界是荒誕的、人是孤獨(dú)的”,強(qiáng)調(diào)了當(dāng)代人民存在感的缺失,說明了比較對(duì)人的意義。在沒有相互關(guān)聯(lián)的荒誕世界中,人是孤獨(dú)的;在有比較的世界中,人因?yàn)槁鋽∨c他人而自己陷入苦惱,這種困擾讓人感覺更加孤獨(dú)�！白杂蛇x擇”即人發(fā)揮主觀能動(dòng)作用,根據(jù)不同的選擇收獲不同的人生價(jià)值和生存體驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Abe Kobo is a famous contemporary Japanese writer influenced by existentialism and surrealism. His works are unique in setting, in the background of the story, and extremely imaginative. Abe Kobo is good at building virtual world which is totally different from reality. His works are bold and novel, and satirize reality, trying to show people the irrationality of society. The wandering life of Abe Kobo's youth brought him a melancholy of homelessness. This kind of plot affects Abe Kobo in the literary creation, will inexplicably design the protagonist as a person who does not emphasize "hometown". This emotion is reflected in his novels of different stages, there is a tendency to be homesick or despise hometown. The three main ideas of Sartre's existentialism meet the needs of the society at that time and are introduced into Japanese literature. Abe Kobo's works express three main ideas of Sartre existentialism by means of metaphorical metaphor. In the novel "existence before Nature", which is the pursuit of one's own value, it clarifies the meaning of human being, that is, one should seek one's own value; "the world is absurd, and man is lonely." It emphasizes the lack of the contemporary people's sense of existence and explains the significance of comparison to people. In an unconnected world of absurdity, man is lonely; in a world of comparison, one finds himself in distress because of defeat with others, which makes one feel even more lonely. "Free choice" means that people play a subjective role and harvest different life values and survival experiences according to different choices.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I313.074

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