《已知的世界》的文學(xué)倫理學(xué)解讀
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-05 07:02
【摘要】：愛(ài)德華·保羅·瓊斯是當(dāng)代美國(guó)文學(xué)界杰出的黑人作家之一。到目前為止,他僅僅出版了三部小說(shuō)。其中第二部小說(shuō)《已知的世界》因其獨(dú)特的主題取得了巨大的成功。這部小說(shuō)書寫了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前美國(guó)南方存在黑人奴隸主的一段鮮為人知的歷史事實(shí)。《已知的世界》以黑人奴隸主亨利為主線,集結(jié)白人奴隸主、貧苦白人、自由黑人、印第安人等多個(gè)維度,展現(xiàn)了復(fù)雜奴隸制下美國(guó)南方社會(huì)的全貌。自2003年小說(shuō)出版以來(lái),《已知的世界》獲得許多學(xué)者和批評(píng)家的高度關(guān)注。雖然也有一些評(píng)論家從敘事技巧、文本特點(diǎn)等角度對(duì)小說(shuō)進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究,但是從文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)的角度來(lái)解讀這部小說(shuō)的研究甚少。因此,本文將運(yùn)用文學(xué)倫理學(xué)的批評(píng)方法來(lái)闡釋這部小說(shuō)。這篇論文以文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)的理論為基礎(chǔ),通過(guò)逐一分析《已知的世界》中的倫理環(huán)境、倫理身份、倫理意識(shí),嘗試探索奴隸制度下復(fù)雜的倫理機(jī)制對(duì)人性的影響以及探究作者瓊斯的倫理追求。這篇論文共分為六個(gè)章節(jié):第一章簡(jiǎn)要地介紹作家愛(ài)德華·保羅·瓊斯及其小說(shuō)《已知的世界》,作家作品的文獻(xiàn)研究現(xiàn)狀,本論文的研究意義以及框架結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章提出本論文研究的理論依據(jù),簡(jiǎn)要介紹文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)的理論來(lái)源以及文學(xué)倫理學(xué)批評(píng)方法的主要內(nèi)容。第三章主要從三個(gè)方面分析《已知的世界》中的倫理環(huán)境:社會(huì)倫理環(huán)境、家庭倫理環(huán)境和宗教倫理環(huán)境。本章揭示了內(nèi)戰(zhàn)前的美國(guó)南方社會(huì)已經(jīng)形成了以奴隸制度為基礎(chǔ)的倫理機(jī)制,一些黑人在這種社會(huì)倫理環(huán)境以及家庭倫理環(huán)境的雙重影響下,選擇成為黑人奴隸主并利用基督教教義控制黑人同胞。但與此同時(shí),基督教愛(ài)的倫理思想也給予黑奴勇氣打破倫理機(jī)制,并且指引一些白人幫助他們。第四章主要從三個(gè)方面分析《已知的世界》中的倫理身份:社會(huì)倫理身份、家庭倫理身份、兩性倫理身份。本章揭示了倫理機(jī)制下復(fù)雜的人性:一方面,一些黑人有著強(qiáng)烈的愿望打破基于奴隸制度形成的倫理機(jī)制,但是他們最終被白人社會(huì)所同化;而另一方面,親情與真愛(ài)也在一些白人與黑人之間存在著。第五章對(duì)比分析了《已知的世界》中不同角色的倫理意識(shí):人道與殘酷的對(duì)立,渴望自由與追逐權(quán)力的對(duì)立,反抗和屈服的對(duì)立。這幾組倫理意識(shí)的沖突反映了奴隸制社會(huì)下復(fù)雜的人性。第六章是本論文的結(jié)論部分。本文揭示了奴隸制度下復(fù)雜的倫理機(jī)制對(duì)人性的影響。有些黑人倫理意識(shí)覺(jué)醒,他們沖破倫理機(jī)制的桎梏追求自由;而有些黑人未能擺脫奴隸制度的枷鎖,追逐權(quán)力,迫害同胞。另一方面,有些白人是倫理機(jī)制的捍衛(wèi)者迫害黑人,而有些白人沖破了倫理機(jī)制與黑人和諧共處。本文的作者認(rèn)為《已知的世界》表達(dá)了瓊斯渴望建立黑人與白人之間和諧關(guān)系的倫理訴求。
[Abstract]:Edward Paul Jones is one of the outstanding black writers in contemporary American literature. So far, he has published only three novels. The second novel, the known World, has achieved great success because of its unique themes. The novel is about a little-known historical fact of the existence of black slave owners in the South before the Civil War. The known World is a collection of white slave owners, poor whites, and free blacks, taking Henry, the black slave owner, as the main thread. Indian and other dimensions, show the complex slavery of the southern society of the United States. Since the publication of the novel in 2003, the known World has attracted great attention from many scholars and critics. Although some critics have studied the novel from the angles of narrative technique and text characteristics, there is little research on the interpretation of the novel from the angle of literary ethics criticism. Therefore, this article will use the literary ethics criticism method to explain this novel. Based on the theory of literary ethics criticism, this paper analyzes the ethical environment, ethical identity and ethical consciousness in the known World one by one. This paper attempts to explore the influence of the complex ethical mechanism under slavery on human nature and the author's ethical pursuit. This thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces the writer Edward Paul Jones and his novel the known World, the literature research status of the author's works, the significance of the research and the frame structure of this thesis. The second chapter puts forward the theoretical basis of this thesis, briefly introduces the theoretical sources of literary ethics criticism and the main content of literary ethics criticism methods. The third chapter mainly analyzes the ethical environment in the known World from three aspects: the social ethical environment, the family ethical environment and the religious ethical environment. This chapter reveals that the Southern American society before the Civil War had formed an ethical mechanism based on slavery. Some black people were influenced by both the social ethical environment and the family ethical environment. He chose to be a black slave owner and to use Christian doctrine to control his fellow blacks. But at the same time, Christian love of ethics also gave slaves the courage to break down ethical mechanisms and guide some whites to help them. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the ethical identity in the known World from three aspects: social ethical identity, family ethical identity, and gender ethical identity. This chapter reveals the complex human nature under the ethical mechanism: on the one hand, some black people have a strong desire to break the ethical mechanism based on slavery, but they are eventually assimilated by white society; on the other hand, Affection and true love also exist between some whites and blacks. Chapter five contrasts and analyzes the ethical consciousness of different roles in the known World: the opposition between humanity and cruelty, the opposition between the desire for freedom and the pursuit of power, the opposition between resistance and submission. These conflicts of ethical consciousness reflect the complex human nature in slavery society. The sixth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. This paper reveals the influence of complex ethical mechanism on human nature under slavery. Some blacks awakened their ethical consciousness and broke through the shackles of ethical mechanism in pursuit of freedom while some blacks failed to free themselves from the yoke of slavery and pursued power and persecuted their compatriots. On the other hand, some whites are defenders of ethical institutions persecuting blacks, while others break through ethical mechanisms and live in harmony with blacks. The author believes that the known World expresses Jones' desire to build a harmonious relationship between blacks and whites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
本文編號(hào)：2252455
[Abstract]:Edward Paul Jones is one of the outstanding black writers in contemporary American literature. So far, he has published only three novels. The second novel, the known World, has achieved great success because of its unique themes. The novel is about a little-known historical fact of the existence of black slave owners in the South before the Civil War. The known World is a collection of white slave owners, poor whites, and free blacks, taking Henry, the black slave owner, as the main thread. Indian and other dimensions, show the complex slavery of the southern society of the United States. Since the publication of the novel in 2003, the known World has attracted great attention from many scholars and critics. Although some critics have studied the novel from the angles of narrative technique and text characteristics, there is little research on the interpretation of the novel from the angle of literary ethics criticism. Therefore, this article will use the literary ethics criticism method to explain this novel. Based on the theory of literary ethics criticism, this paper analyzes the ethical environment, ethical identity and ethical consciousness in the known World one by one. This paper attempts to explore the influence of the complex ethical mechanism under slavery on human nature and the author's ethical pursuit. This thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter briefly introduces the writer Edward Paul Jones and his novel the known World, the literature research status of the author's works, the significance of the research and the frame structure of this thesis. The second chapter puts forward the theoretical basis of this thesis, briefly introduces the theoretical sources of literary ethics criticism and the main content of literary ethics criticism methods. The third chapter mainly analyzes the ethical environment in the known World from three aspects: the social ethical environment, the family ethical environment and the religious ethical environment. This chapter reveals that the Southern American society before the Civil War had formed an ethical mechanism based on slavery. Some black people were influenced by both the social ethical environment and the family ethical environment. He chose to be a black slave owner and to use Christian doctrine to control his fellow blacks. But at the same time, Christian love of ethics also gave slaves the courage to break down ethical mechanisms and guide some whites to help them. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the ethical identity in the known World from three aspects: social ethical identity, family ethical identity, and gender ethical identity. This chapter reveals the complex human nature under the ethical mechanism: on the one hand, some black people have a strong desire to break the ethical mechanism based on slavery, but they are eventually assimilated by white society; on the other hand, Affection and true love also exist between some whites and blacks. Chapter five contrasts and analyzes the ethical consciousness of different roles in the known World: the opposition between humanity and cruelty, the opposition between the desire for freedom and the pursuit of power, the opposition between resistance and submission. These conflicts of ethical consciousness reflect the complex human nature in slavery society. The sixth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. This paper reveals the influence of complex ethical mechanism on human nature under slavery. Some blacks awakened their ethical consciousness and broke through the shackles of ethical mechanism in pursuit of freedom while some blacks failed to free themselves from the yoke of slavery and pursued power and persecuted their compatriots. On the other hand, some whites are defenders of ethical institutions persecuting blacks, while others break through ethical mechanisms and live in harmony with blacks. The author believes that the known World expresses Jones' desire to build a harmonious relationship between blacks and whites.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074
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