【摘要】：布萊希特是德國著名劇作家,戲劇理論家。他在20世紀(jì)提出的敘事戲劇理論對歐洲戲劇理論發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。他的戲劇的突出特點(diǎn)是反亞里士多德。在他的戲劇理論當(dāng)中他強(qiáng)調(diào)陌生化效果并在劇作品當(dāng)中運(yùn)用多種方法以實(shí)現(xiàn)陌生化效果。《大膽媽媽和她的孩子們》是布萊希特著名的作品之一。讀者在這部作品當(dāng)中不僅能發(fā)現(xiàn)很多非亞里士多德的特點(diǎn),而且還有很多開放式的成分。本劇講述的是三十年戰(zhàn)爭中發(fā)生在大膽媽媽一家的故事,大膽媽媽是一個(gè)隨軍小販,是一個(gè)典型的重利的小人物,她在戰(zhàn)爭當(dāng)中接二連三的失去了自己的三個(gè)孩子。而這三個(gè)孩子的死亡悲劇與大膽媽媽有著不可分割的關(guān)系。此劇作為典型的敘事劇,強(qiáng)調(diào)非亞里士多德特色,突出間離效果。正如同布萊希特?cái)⑹聭騽±碚撍鶑?qiáng)調(diào)的,戲劇應(yīng)當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)陌生化效果,破除生活幻覺,以驚異和批判代替共鳴。而亞里士多德剛好相反,強(qiáng)調(diào)以同情及恐懼來引起共鳴,從而達(dá)到凈化心靈的作用。因此布萊希特稱自己的戲劇為反亞里士多德戲劇。如上所述,此劇為典型非亞里士多德戲劇,其不僅具有許多反亞里士多德成分,更具有很多開放式的戲劇成分。克勞次將戲劇分為開放式戲劇和封閉式戲劇。本文將通過《大膽媽媽和她的孩子們》解析布萊希特的敘事劇特點(diǎn),研究其同亞里士多德戲劇的異同點(diǎn)以及其開放式戲劇成分的體現(xiàn)。布萊希特在此劇中運(yùn)用了許多技巧以達(dá)到陌生化效果,本文將在此基礎(chǔ)上研究作者通過何種方式達(dá)到陌生化效果并分析布萊希特?cái)⑹聭騽〉奶攸c(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Brecht is a famous German playwright and drama theorist. His narrative drama theory in the 20 th century had an important influence on the development of European drama theory. The prominent feature of his plays is the anti-Aristotle. In his drama theory, he emphasizes the defamiliarization effect and uses a variety of methods to achieve the defamiliarization effect in his plays. "Bold Mother and her Children" is one of Brecht's famous works. Readers can not only find many non-Aristotle characteristics in this work, but also a lot of open elements. The show tells the story of a family of bold moms during the Thirty years' War, who was an army peddler and a typical pricier, who lost her three children one after another during the war. The tragedy of the three children's death is inextricably related to the bold mother. As a typical narrative play, the play emphasizes non-Aristotle characteristics and highlights the effect of separation. Just as Brecht's theory of narrative drama emphasizes, drama should emphasize strangeness, eliminate life hallucinations and replace resonance with surprise and criticism. Aristotle, on the other hand, emphasizes empathy and fear in order to purify the mind. So Brecht called his play anti-Aristotle drama. As mentioned above, this play is a typical non-Aristotle drama, which has not only a lot of anti-Aristotle elements, but also a lot of open drama elements. Krauss divided drama into open drama and closed drama. This paper will analyze the characteristics of Brecht's narrative drama through "Bold Mother and her Children", and study its similarities and differences with Aristotle's drama and the embodiment of its open drama elements. Brecht uses many techniques to achieve the defamiliarization effect in this play. On this basis, this paper will study the ways in which the author achieves the defamiliarization effect and analyzes the characteristics of Brecht's narrative drama.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青島大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I516.073

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