【摘要】：夏目漱石是日本明治時期偉大的批判現(xiàn)實主義作家、學(xué)者。被稱為日本的“國民大作家”。在對文學(xué)的理解、語言的掌握方面具有超人的天賦,并且由于在日本改革初期去英國留學(xué)期間接觸到了歐洲先進的科技成果,并接受了先進的思維理念,所以也具有突破當(dāng)時日本人常態(tài)思維的前瞻性。在短短的十多年創(chuàng)作過程中,漱石給日本文學(xué)界留下了帶有時代特征的多部小說和大量的文學(xué)評論、漢詩、俳句、隨筆�！秹羰埂肥鞘�41歲時,在朝日新聞上連載的以夢境為主題的十個小故事。針對于《夢二夜》的內(nèi)容,筆者試從以下幾個方面進行分析、研究。首先,從漱石的《夢二夜》的創(chuàng)作背景方面進行分析創(chuàng)作的大社會背景《夢二夜》創(chuàng)作于日俄戰(zhàn)爭之后。隨著日本取得勝利,國際地位上升,日本人變得狂妄與盲目。全面脫亞入歐思想與保護日本本土傳統(tǒng)文化思想產(chǎn)生了激烈沖突。創(chuàng)作的個人背景家庭方面:漱石的家庭從屬于一個中級武士家族。因此,會無形間受到武士生活與思維習(xí)慣的影響,武士參禪的習(xí)慣也會作為其思想內(nèi)部的隱形信息而存在。少年生活:漱石出生不久就被父母送與他人,心理方面遭受嚴(yán)重打擊。到漱石20歲的時候,漱石重新加入夏目家族。因此漱石心里十分厭惡世事的功利。此階段的生活經(jīng)歷直接形成了漱石敏感、自卑與神經(jīng)質(zhì)的性格。漢學(xué)的影響:漢文學(xué)與唐宋時期的禪畫,成為漱石少年時期的精神寄托。在二松學(xué)舍里,漱石系統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)了以儒家、佛教、道教為代表的經(jīng)典典籍。為以后的文學(xué)、漢詩創(chuàng)作打下了良好的基礎(chǔ)。但同時,思想當(dāng)中接受了禪宗思想。西方文化的沖擊:盡管漱石在英國期間精神受到了嚴(yán)重的打擊,心理產(chǎn)生了巨大的陰影,壓力無法排解。參禪成為一個舒緩壓力的方法。同時在英國期間接觸到了歐洲國家先進的經(jīng)濟與思想理念。這也為以后的文學(xué)創(chuàng)作提供了一條可供借鑒的視角。其次,試對漱石有禪宗思想的部分作品進行分析在小說作品方面:漱石的小說當(dāng)中多處描寫到了與禪宗相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。本文主要對漱石自身參禪經(jīng)歷為主的小說“門”當(dāng)中的內(nèi)容,進行分析。在漢詩方面:將針對不同時期的漢詩作品進行分析。再次,對《夢二夜》中含有的禪宗公案進行分析從武士參禪、“無”與“棒、喝”公案、“與謝蕪村”的禪畫、從“一念天堂”公案四方面進行分析。得出結(jié)論:武士最終開悟,放下屠刀。悟道成功。最后,從武士與禪僧的形象方面進行分析。對《夢二夜》當(dāng)中的武士刀進行分析得出:武士所代表的舊階級已經(jīng)衰落,被新社會所代替成為必然的趨勢。針對武士和禪師進行鏡像分析得出:對新文化的接受與本土文化的保護方面分析,武士內(nèi)心的激烈沖突就是漱石的內(nèi)心鏡像反應(yīng)。站在禪師角度對普通民眾進行“點化”分析,此時的禪師就是漱石在實際行動上的鏡像反映。最終得出本論文結(jié)論:《夢二夜》中武士與禪師的形象就是不同階段與不同觀察視角下的漱石本人的鏡像統(tǒng)一體。
[Abstract]:Natsume Soseki is a great critical realism writer in the Meiji period of Japan. The scholar, known as the "national great writer" of Japan, has a supernatural talent in understanding literature and mastering language, and has been in contact with advanced scientific and technological achievements in Europe during the early days of the reform of Japan and accepted advanced thought. In the short more than 10 years of creation, gargle left the Japanese literary world with a number of novels and numerous literary reviews, Chinese poetry, haiku, essays. At the age of 41, the theme of a dream in the Asahi news was linked to the Asahi news at the age of 41. Ten small stories. In view of the content of "dream two night >", the author tries to analyze and study from the following aspects. First, the great social background of the creation of the creative background of the gargle < dream two night > > dream two night > was created after the war of Russia and Russia. With the victory of Japan, the international status has risen, and the Japanese become arrogant and blind. There is a fierce conflict between the idea of completely removing Asia from Europe and protecting the traditional cultural thought of the Japanese native. The family of the individual background of the creation is that the gargle family belongs to a middle class Samurai family. Therefore, it will be invisible to the influence of the samurai life and thinking habits, and the habit of samurai Shen Shen will also be stored as the invisible information inside his thought. In the youth life: gargle was soon born by his parents to be sent to others and suffered severe psychological shock. When gargle was 20 years old, gargle rejoined the Xia Mu family. So gargle was very dislike of the utility of the world. The life experience of this stage directly formed the sensitive, inferiority and neurotic character of gargle. The influence of Han Chinese Literature: Chinese Literature The Zen paintings in the Tang and Song Dynasties became the spiritual sustenance of the juvenile gargle. In the two Song school, gargle learned the classic classics represented by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. It laid a good foundation for the future literature and the creation of Chinese poetry. At the same time, the thought accepted the Zen thought. The impact of Western Culture: gargle in Britain During the period, the spirit was badly hit, the psychology produced a huge shadow and the pressure could not be solved. The meditation became a way to relieve the pressure. Meanwhile, the advanced economic and ideological ideas of the European countries were exposed during the period of England. This also provided a reference view for future literary creation. Secondly, try to have Zen Buddhism in gargle. Some of the works of the thought are analyzed in the novel works: the novels in the gargle are mostly described to the content related to the Zen. This article mainly analyzes the contents of the "gate" of the gargle, which is the main story of his own meditation experience. In the aspect of Han poetry, we will analyze the Chinese poetry in different periods. Again, "the two night of the dream >" The Zen public case contained in the analysis is analyzed from the samurai meditation, the "no" and "the stick, the drink", and the Zen paintings of "Xiang Xie village" from four aspects. The conclusion is that the samurai finally enlightened, laid down the knife and succeeded. Finally, the image of the warrior and the Zen monk was analyzed. The martial arts in the middle of the "dream of two nights >" According to the analysis, the old class represented by the samurai has declined and was replaced by the new society as an inevitable trend. The analysis of the mirror image of the warrior and the Zen master shows that the inner mirror reaction of the warrior is the inner mirror reaction of the gargle. Through the "point out" analysis, the Zen master at this time is a mirror reflection on the actual action of gargle. Finally, the conclusion of this thesis is that the image of "two nights in the dream" is the image unity of the gargle himself in different stages and different observation angles.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I313.074

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