本文選題：姜峰楠 + 科幻��； 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：姜峰楠(Ted Chiang)是當(dāng)代最富盛譽(yù)的科幻作家之一,也是第一個(gè)獲得“雙獎(jiǎng)”(星云獎(jiǎng)和雨果獎(jiǎng),科幻界最重要的兩個(gè)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng))的華裔科幻作家。1990年他首部作品《巴比倫塔》問世來的20多年間,他只發(fā)表了13篇小說,卻獲得了為數(shù)不少的科幻獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。他的作品充滿了奇異的觀點(diǎn)、驚人的想象、強(qiáng)烈的感情、細(xì)致的記敘和深刻的思想。本文擬從倫理學(xué)的角度分析其作品中的倫理問題,目的在于通過考查姜峰楠在其作品背后所表現(xiàn)出對(duì)未來科技發(fā)展所帶來的現(xiàn)實(shí)社會(huì)問題的倫理思考,以期待可以拓寬國內(nèi)姜峰楠科幻小說的研究視角,并為科幻小說及華裔文學(xué)研究提供新的論題。本文以《賞心悅目》《軟件體的生命周期》《七十二個(gè)字母》為主要的文本材料,選取社會(huì)公正倫理秩序、人工智能體的倫理困境以及生命倫理危機(jī)三個(gè)視角,由淺及深,層層遞進(jìn)深入,探討其倫理問題。除去介紹和結(jié)論部分,本文將分為三部分。第一部分聚焦于《賞心悅目》中審美干擾鏡引發(fā)的社會(huì)公正問題:審美干擾鏡是否能消除人性中所固有的偏見與歧視?從小說的內(nèi)容和寫作形式上來探討他在社會(huì)、政治甚至人性上的公正倫理反思,認(rèn)為人性不可能消失,所能依靠的是通過社會(huì)文化和教育的影響來逐漸改變。第二部分關(guān)注《軟件體的生命周期》中人工智能的倫理困境:倫理身份、經(jīng)驗(yàn)與情感、自由意志。通過深入探討數(shù)碼體在自我認(rèn)知、與人相處以及自我追尋的過程中所遇到的倫理困境,從而得出姜峰楠的人工智能倫理觀及他對(duì)人類中心主義和邊緣群體身份認(rèn)同的倫理反思:科技時(shí)代物的異化和人的物化導(dǎo)致了工具理性和價(jià)值理性的對(duì)峙,而人類自身的行為本身才是解決其倫理困境的關(guān)鍵。第三部分思考了《七十二個(gè)字母》中關(guān)于生命的倫理危機(jī)。本章以生命觀、生命的延續(xù)以及生命的選擇三個(gè)方面深入展開對(duì)生命倫理的討論,探討是否科技的進(jìn)步可以實(shí)現(xiàn)生命的絕對(duì)平等與自由,人造人能否改變?nèi)祟惷庥跍缃^的命運(yùn)?通過研讀,得出結(jié)論:科技無法代替生命的自然性和神圣性,而科技的最終目的是提高和服務(wù)人類,將科技的倫理問題回歸到科技本身的目的性,即轉(zhuǎn)變自私自利的科技倫理觀,追求為全人類服務(wù)的崇高目標(biāo)。通過對(duì)三篇代表作的倫理問題的分析與總結(jié),筆者認(rèn)為作為一個(gè)華裔科幻作家,姜峰楠不僅僅關(guān)注科技的進(jìn)步,也關(guān)注科技改變所帶來的倫理問題,站在一個(gè)全人類的角度關(guān)注整個(gè)人類的發(fā)展與走向。他將科幻小說中的科技與現(xiàn)實(shí)的倫理問題相結(jié)合,探討科技發(fā)展與人類發(fā)展的種種倫理困境,從而試圖尋求人類與科技和諧發(fā)展的科技倫理觀,這對(duì)當(dāng)今世界具有普遍意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:Ted Chiang is one of the most prestigious science fiction writers of our time and the first to win a double prize (Nebula and Hugo). Chinese sci-fi writer who published only 13 novels in his first book, the Babylonian Tower, more than 20 years after his debut in 1990, and won a number of science fiction awards. His works are full of strange ideas, amazing imagination, strong feelings, detailed narratives and deep thoughts. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the ethical problems in his works from the perspective of ethics. The purpose of this paper is to examine Jiang Fengnan's ethical thinking about the realistic social problems brought about by the development of science and technology in the future. It can broaden the research perspective of Jiang Fungnan's science fiction and provide a new topic for the study of science fiction and Chinese literature. This paper takes < Life cycle of Software body > < 72 letter > as the main text material, selects the social justice ethics order, the artificial intelligence ethics predicament and the bioethics crisis three angles of view, from shallow and deep, Step by step, explore its ethical issues. Apart from the introduction and conclusion, this paper will be divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the problem of social justice caused by the aesthetic interference mirror in "pleasing to the eyes": whether the aesthetic interference mirror can eliminate the inherent prejudice and discrimination in human nature? From the aspect of the content and writing form of the novel, the author probes into his just ethical reflection on society, politics and even human nature, and thinks that human nature can not disappear, and what can be relied on is the gradual change through the influence of social culture and education. The second part focuses on the ethical dilemma of artificial intelligence in Software body Life cycle: ethical identity, experience and emotion, free will. Through in-depth exploration of the ethical dilemmas encountered by the digital body in the process of self-cognition, getting along with others and pursuing itself, It is concluded that Jiang Fengnan's ethics of artificial intelligence and his ethical reflection on anthropocentrism and the identity of marginal groups: the alienation of objects and the materialization of human beings in the era of science and technology lead to the confrontation between instrumental rationality and value rationality. The human behavior itself is the key to solve its ethical dilemma. The third part considers the ethical crisis of life in 72 letters. This chapter discusses the ethics of life from three aspects: the view of life, the continuation of life and the choice of life, and discusses whether the progress of science and technology can realize the absolute equality and freedom of life, and whether artificial people can change the fate of human being from extinction. Through reading, it is concluded that science and technology cannot replace the nature and sanctity of life, and the ultimate purpose of science and technology is to improve and serve mankind, and to return the ethical problems of science and technology to the purpose of science and technology itself. That is to change the self-interest ethics of science and technology and pursue the lofty goal of serving all mankind. By analyzing and summarizing the ethical issues of the three masterpieces, the author thinks that as a Chinese sci-fi writer, Jiang Fungnan is concerned not only with the progress of science and technology, but also with the ethical problems brought about by the change of science and technology. From a human point of view, the entire human development and direction. He combines science and technology with the ethical problems of reality in science fiction, and probes into the ethical dilemmas between the development of science and technology and the development of human beings, so as to seek the scientific and technological ethics view of the harmonious development of human beings and science and technology. This is of universal and practical significance to today's world.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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本文編號(hào)：2068712