本文選題：《紅字》 + 評價(jià)理論��； 參考：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為對韓禮德系統(tǒng)功能語言學(xué)中人際功能的發(fā)展,評價(jià)理論首先由馬丁在20世紀(jì)90年代提出。它由態(tài)度、介入和級(jí)差三個(gè)子系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成。該理論將語言視為資源,認(rèn)為語言在評估說話者、表明立場和建立人際關(guān)系等人際意義的構(gòu)建過程中起著重要作用。本文擬從評價(jià)理論視角出發(fā),對那桑利亞·霍桑的代表作《紅字》女主角的語言特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究。《紅字》作為那桑利亞·霍桑的代表作,自1850年問世以來,就成為了學(xué)者們討論與研究的對象,對女主人公的研究更成為了焦點(diǎn)。大量對角色心理的描寫及人物的刻畫,使整部小說充滿了人際意義色彩,所以部分學(xué)者已開始運(yùn)用評價(jià)理論對該小說進(jìn)行解讀,但大都只限于其中的一個(gè)系統(tǒng),忽略了三個(gè)系統(tǒng)間的互聯(lián)性。因此,本文試圖運(yùn)用評價(jià)理論的整個(gè)系統(tǒng)對《紅字》女主角的語言特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究,以探究女主角的語言資源所蘊(yùn)含的人際意義,進(jìn)而揭示女主角的內(nèi)心情感和性格特點(diǎn)。本文主要選取了女主人公海斯特和其他男性角色,特別是與齊林沃斯和丁梅斯代爾的對話作為研究語料。基于語料收集和數(shù)據(jù)分析,女主角海斯特的語言特點(diǎn)如下:海斯特對態(tài)度資源,特別是判斷資源的大量使用,增強(qiáng)了其話語的客觀性和可信度;相較而言,海斯特很少使用使話語變得主觀且情態(tài)化的情感資源。此外,對消極態(tài)度資源,特別是消極判斷資源的大量運(yùn)用,突出了海斯特對談話者的消極評價(jià)。在介入資源的使用方面,對話性收縮資源要多于對話性擴(kuò)張資源。大量對話性收縮資源的使用,表明海斯特在很大程度上關(guān)閉了與對話者的協(xié)商空間,突出了她對控制話語權(quán)、主導(dǎo)談話的要求。在級(jí)差資源的使用方面,海斯特主要通過語勢資源來實(shí)現(xiàn)評價(jià)意義。而語義的實(shí)現(xiàn)形式則主要通過反復(fù)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)等方式。正如態(tài)度資源,介入資源和級(jí)差資源是聯(lián)合互動(dòng)的,級(jí)差資源調(diào)節(jié)態(tài)度及介入資源的程度。通過大量級(jí)差資源的使用,有利于海斯特增強(qiáng)話語的強(qiáng)度,體現(xiàn)她的態(tài)度。從選取的資源及其分布規(guī)律看,海斯特對于三種資源的使用都分別呈逐漸遞增態(tài)勢。態(tài)度資源,特別是判斷資源的逐漸遞增,體現(xiàn)了海斯特逐漸增強(qiáng)的自信;介入資源特別是對話性收縮資源的遞增體現(xiàn)了她逐漸提升的主導(dǎo)話語的要求;而逐漸增加的級(jí)差資源,特別是語勢資源則有利于海斯特增強(qiáng)話語的強(qiáng)度。這些都體現(xiàn)了海斯特內(nèi)心的變化和她反抗意識(shí)的增強(qiáng)。通過以上對女主角海斯特語言資源和人際意義間關(guān)系的分析,海斯特逐漸成熟的反抗精神和自由思想被清晰地反映出來,海斯特的內(nèi)心世界得到了很好的揭示。同時(shí)也證明了評價(jià)理論對于解釋文學(xué)作品的適用性,為從評價(jià)理論角度闡釋文學(xué)作品提供了新的視角。
[Abstract]:As a development of interpersonal function in Halliday's systemic functional linguistics, the theory of evaluation was first put forward by Martin in the 1990s. It consists of three subsystems: attitude, intervention and differential. The theory regards language as a resource, and holds that language plays an important role in the construction of interpersonal meaning such as evaluating the speaker, expressing stand and establishing interpersonal relationship. From the perspective of evaluation theory, this paper intends to study the linguistic characteristics of Nassanaria Hawthorne's masterpiece, the Scarlet letter, which has been the masterpiece of Nassanaria Hawthorne since its birth in 1850. It has become the object of discussion and study of scholars, and the study of heroine has become the focus. A large number of portrayals of character psychology and characters make the whole novel full of interpersonal meaning, so some scholars have begun to use evaluation theory to interpret the novel, but most of them are limited to one system. The interconnection of the three systems is ignored. Therefore, this paper attempts to use the whole system of evaluation theory to study the language characteristics of the heroine, in order to explore the interpersonal meaning contained in the language resources of the heroine, and then reveal the inner emotion and personality characteristics of the heroine. This thesis mainly selects the heroine Hester and other male characters, especially the dialogue with Chilinworth and Dimmesdale. Based on corpus collection and data analysis, Heist's language features are as follows: Heist's extensive use of attitude resources, especially judgment resources, enhances the objectivity and credibility of her discourse. Hester rarely uses emotional resources that make discourse subjective and modal. In addition, the extensive use of negative attitude resources, especially negative judgment resources, highlights Hester's negative assessment of the talker. In the use of intervention resources, conversational contractile resources are more than conversational expansion resources. The use of a large amount of conversational contractionary resources shows that Hester has largely closed the negotiation space with the interlocutors, highlighting her demand for controlling the right to speak and dominating the conversation. In the use of differential resources, Heist mainly through the use of potential resources to achieve evaluation significance. But the semantic realization form is mainly through the repetition, the comparison level and the most advanced way and so on. Just as attitude resources, intervention resources and differential resources are joint interaction, differential resources regulate attitude and intervention of resources. Through the use of a large number of differential resources, Heist helps to strengthen the intensity of discourse and reflect her attitude. According to the selected resources and their distribution, Heist's use of the three kinds of resources is gradually increasing. The gradual increase of attitude resources, especially judgment resources, reflects Hester's confidence gradually; the increasing intervention resources, especially conversational contractile resources, reflect the requirements of her gradually increasing dominant discourse; and gradually increasing graded resources, In particular, the potential resources are conducive to Hester's enhancement of discourse intensity. All these reflect Hester's inner changes and the strengthening of her resistance consciousness. Through the above analysis of the relationship between Hester's language resources and interpersonal meaning, Hester's gradually mature spirit of resistance and his thoughts of freedom are clearly reflected, and Hester's inner world is well revealed. It also proves the applicability of evaluation theory to the interpretation of literary works and provides a new perspective for the interpretation of literary works from the perspective of evaluation theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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