本文選題：哈代　切入點：苔絲　出處：《華中師范大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：作為19世紀后半期偉大的現(xiàn)實主義作家,托馬斯·哈代在小說和詩歌上取得的巨大成就是不容忽視的。特別是其小說,因風格多變,題材廣泛,內(nèi)容豐富,因而深受讀者喜愛。但其作品之所以經(jīng)久不衰,另一個不容忽視的因素就是他對多種藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)手法尤其是對隱喻的巧妙運用。而在其最著名的作品《德伯家的苔絲》中,隱喻這種藝術(shù)技巧的使用尤為突出。西方的隱喻研究自亞里士多德開始,已有兩千多年的歷史,期間涌現(xiàn)出許多對隱喻研究起到推動作用的大家。而當代的隱喻,特別是上世紀八十年代LakoffJohnson的"Metaphors We Live by"一書中概念隱喻的提出更是賦予了隱喻新的內(nèi)涵:他們認為,隱喻不僅是傳統(tǒng)意義上的修辭方式,更是人們思考問題的一種方式,對人們的日常生活起著重大的作用。近年來,隨著中西方學者們對哈代本人及其作品的深入了解和研究,哈代小說中的隱喻性及其藝術(shù)價值越來越受到重視。但這些學者雖然嘗試從隱喻角度分析《德伯家的苔絲》,這些研究卻只是單方面的,如愛情隱喻、動物隱喻等,鮮少有學者從篇章的角度對其中的隱喻進行全面而綜合的研究。廖美珍教授認為研究隱喻的篇章功能應(yīng)該注意到隱喻在篇章中的組織功能與特點,但是筆者認為隱喻的篇章功能不僅僅是體現(xiàn)在組織上,同時也體現(xiàn)在與主題的相互作用上。因此本文將基于概念隱喻理論,對《德伯家的苔絲》中的隱喻進行全面分析,主要包括顏色隱喻、家的隱喻和名字隱喻。旨在厘清這三類隱喻與小說主題的一一呼應(yīng)與相互照應(yīng)關(guān)系,表明小說主題的連貫是可以通過使用隱喻這種藝術(shù)手法而實現(xiàn)的,從而有力地證明概念隱喻對于篇章分析的可行性和重要性。本研究主要采取定性研究的方法。在概念隱喻理論的指導下,先找出文中所有的隱喻;然后選取其中與作者所要研究的主題密切相關(guān)的代表性隱喻,即顏色隱喻、家的隱喻和名字隱喻并分析它們各自的源域、目標域和隱喻含義;最后在此基礎(chǔ)上,用圖表的方式一一闡釋各隱喻對主題的呼應(yīng)作用以及這三類隱喻對主題的合力作用,從而得出相關(guān)結(jié)論。通過分析,筆者發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)哈代在《德伯家的苔絲》這部作品中采用了大量的隱喻,其中顏色隱喻的使用頻率及對主題的連貫效果最突出;(2)各隱喻通過內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系,分別從不同角度實現(xiàn)了文本的連貫;(3)各隱喻之間實際上也是互相聯(lián)系的,合力實現(xiàn)了對小說主題的連貫作用;(4)概念隱喻理論可以用于篇章的分析,并能達到很好的效果。本研究的意義在于:(1)驗證了 LakoffJohnson的觀點:隱喻無處不在;它不僅是一種修辭手法,更是一種思維方式。(2)證明了概念隱喻對主題的連貫作用,擴大了隱喻的研究范圍,同時也為篇章的分析提供了一個新的視角。(3)引起學者對概念隱喻理論的重視,從而激發(fā)學者從更多學科、更多角度、更廣范圍進行更加有創(chuàng)造性的研究。
[Abstract]:As the great realist writer of the second half of 19th century, Thomas Hardy's great achievements in fiction and poetry cannot be ignored, especially in his novels, because of their varied style, wide range of subjects, and rich content. But another factor that can not be ignored is his clever use of various artistic expressions, especially metaphors. In his most famous work, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Metaphor has been studied in the West for more than 2,000 years since Aristotle, during which there have been many people who have played an important role in the study of metaphor. In -20s, the introduction of conceptual metaphor in LakoffJohnson's Metaphors We Live by has given metaphor a new connotation: they believe that metaphor is not only a traditional rhetorical means, but also a way for people to think about problems. In recent years, with the in-depth understanding and study of Hardy himself and his works by Chinese and Western scholars, More and more attention has been paid to the metaphorism and its artistic value in Hardy's novels. However, although these scholars try to analyze Tess of the d'Urbervilles from a metaphorical point of view, these studies are only unilateral, such as love metaphor, animal metaphor and so on. Few scholars have made a comprehensive and comprehensive study of metaphors from the perspective of text. Professor Liao Mei-chen believes that the study of the textual functions of metaphors should pay attention to the organizational functions and characteristics of metaphors in the text. However, the author believes that the textual function of metaphor is not only embodied in organization, but also in the interaction with the subject. Therefore, this paper will make a comprehensive analysis of the metaphor in Tess of the Decaux d'Urbervilles based on the Conceptual metaphor Theory. It mainly includes color metaphor, home metaphor and name metaphor. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between these three kinds of metaphors and novel themes, which indicates that the coherence of novel themes can be realized by using metaphor as an artistic technique. In order to prove the feasibility and importance of conceptual metaphor for textual analysis, the present study mainly adopts a qualitative approach. Under the guidance of conceptual metaphor theory, we first find out all the metaphors in the text; Then, the representative metaphors, namely color metaphor, home metaphor and name metaphor, which are closely related to the theme of the author's study, are selected and their respective source domains, target domains and metaphorical meanings are analyzed. In this paper, we use the graphic method to explain the echoing effect of each metaphor on the theme and the resultant effect of these three kinds of metaphors on the theme, so as to draw the relevant conclusions. The author finds that Hardy uses a large number of metaphors in Tess of the d'Urbervilles, in which the frequency of use of color metaphors and their coherent effect on the subject are most prominent. (3) each metaphor is actually related to each other, and the Conceptual metaphor Theory can be used in the analysis of the text, so that the coherence of the novel theme can be realized by using the Conceptual metaphor Theory (Conceptual metaphor Theory). The significance of this study lies in LakoffJohnson's view that metaphor is everywhere; it is not only a rhetorical device, but also a mode of thinking. It not only expands the scope of metaphor research, but also provides a new perspective for text analysis. Carry out more creative research on a wider scale.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I561.074

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