本文關(guān)鍵詞： 原型 陰影 人格面具 自性原型　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：馬拉默德(Malamud,1914-1986)是美國(guó)猶太作家,被評(píng)論界譽(yù)為20世紀(jì)猶太味最濃的作家,以其鮮明的猶太性在紛繁多變的美國(guó)文壇獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟,自成風(fēng)格。他一生共創(chuàng)作8部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō),四部短篇小說(shuō)集。1957年發(fā)表的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)《店員》是馬拉默德的代表作之一。多年來(lái),國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者評(píng)論家對(duì)小說(shuō)《店員》進(jìn)行了多方面的研究。其中對(duì)猶太主題、受難主題、猶太文化等主題的研究占很大比重。國(guó)外研究大約是從20世紀(jì)60年代開(kāi)始,時(shí)至今日,已有20多部論述馬拉默德及其作品的著作發(fā)表。國(guó)內(nèi)研究開(kāi)始的較晚,大約是20世紀(jì)90年代。本篇論文運(yùn)用分析心理學(xué)家榮格的原型理論剖析《店員》中的主人公弗蘭克健全人格的形成。論文正文共分為三部分:第一章研究小說(shuō)中的人物沃德(Ward Minogue)對(duì)弗蘭克身上的陰影投射。首先,指出陰影原型是我們自己內(nèi)心深處隱藏的心理層面,大部分是讓我們感到羞愧或難堪的內(nèi)容。其次,論述了陰影對(duì)人的行為所造成的影響,以及小說(shuō)中陰影原型在主人公身上的體現(xiàn)。接下來(lái),論文分析了陰影出現(xiàn)并對(duì)人的行為產(chǎn)生影響的原因。原因有四:遺傳因素、家庭因素、教育和社會(huì)因素。陰影原型的顯現(xiàn)是健全人格形成的重要步驟之一,我們應(yīng)正視陰影的存在,并努力促進(jìn)陰影的升華。第二章研究了主人公弗蘭克的人格面具。圣人弗朗西斯(St.Francis)是弗蘭克的人格面具。首先對(duì)弗朗西斯的圣人形象進(jìn)行了剖析,指出人格面具的作用及其在人物弗蘭克身上的體現(xiàn)。人格面具與陰影是對(duì)立統(tǒng)一的關(guān)系。正是在人格面具的作用下,陰影原型逐漸升華,對(duì)人類行為產(chǎn)生的影響逐漸減弱。人格面具的存在對(duì)人格的發(fā)展是必須的,雖然人格面具與陰影之間的沖突能夠促進(jìn)陰影的升華,但其作用有限,需要在自我原型的幫助下,實(shí)現(xiàn)健全人格。第三章主要研究自性原型。首先,闡述了自性原型的定義及其協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)一功能,然后運(yùn)用小說(shuō)人物毛利斯(Morris)作為自性原型對(duì)人物弗蘭克進(jìn)行分析。指出正是在毛利斯這一自性原型的道德榜樣的作用下,弗蘭克認(rèn)識(shí)到了自己人格的缺陷,并努力朝著健全人格的方向發(fā)展。人格的發(fā)展其實(shí)就是個(gè)性化的過(guò)程,因?yàn)槊總�(gè)人的人格都具有獨(dú)特性,雖然追求健全人格的目標(biāo)是一致的。陰影,人格面具和自性原型都是人格的重要組成部分,缺一不可,正是各部分間的相互作用促進(jìn)了人格的生成,并使其朝著健全人格的方向發(fā)展。健全人格的形成對(duì)個(gè)體和社會(huì)的進(jìn)步發(fā)展都是多有助益的。
[Abstract]:Malamudn (1914-1986) is an American Jewish writer who was praised by critics as the most Jewish writer in 20th century. With its distinctive Jewish character in the complex and changeable American literary world, his unique style. He created a total of 8 novels in his life. Four collections of short stories. In 1957, the novel "the shopkeeper" was one of Malamud's masterpieces. For many years. Scholars and critics at home and abroad have studied the novel "shop assistant" from many aspects, including Jewish theme and crucifixion theme. Jewish culture and other topics account for a large proportion of the study. Foreign research began about 1960s, to this day. More than 20 books on Malamud and his works have been published. About 1990s. This paper uses the archetypal theory of Jung, an analytical psychologist, to analyze the formation of Frank's sound personality as the protagonist in "salesperson". The text of the thesis is divided into three parts:. Chapter one studies the characters of Ward (. The shadow cast on Frank by Ward Minogue. First of all. It is pointed out that the archetype of shadow is a hidden psychological aspect in our own heart, most of which make us feel ashamed or embarrassed. Secondly, the influence of shadow on human behavior is discussed. And the shadow prototype in the novel in the body of the embodiment of the protagonist. Next, the paper analyzes the emergence of shadow and the impact on human behavior reasons. There are four reasons: genetic factors, family factors. The manifestation of shadow archetype is one of the important steps in the formation of sound personality. We should face up to the existence of shadow. And try to promote the sublimation of shadow. Chapter two studies the character mask of the protagonist Frank. It is Frank's personality mask. First of all, the image of Francis as a saint is analyzed. It points out that the role of personality mask and its embodiment in the character Frank. The relationship between personality mask and shadow is unity of opposites. It is under the action of personality mask that the shadow prototype gradually sublimates. The existence of personality mask is necessary for the development of personality. Although the conflict between personality mask and shadow can promote the sublimation of shadow, its function is limited. With the help of self-archetype, we need to realize sound personality. Chapter three mainly studies the prototype of the nature. Firstly, the definition of the archetype and its function of coordination and unification are expounded. Then the author uses the novel character Morriss as the archetypal of the self to analyze the character Frank and points out that it is under the influence of the moral example of the archetype of Morriss. Frank realized the defects of his personality and tried to develop towards the direction of sound personality. The development of personality is actually a process of individuation, because everyone's personality is unique. Although the goal of pursuing a sound personality is consistent. Shadow, personality mask and the prototype of the personality are important parts of the personality, indispensable, it is the interaction between the various parts of the promotion of the formation of personality. And make it develop towards the direction of sound personality, the formation of sound personality is more helpful to the development of individual and society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I712.074

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