【摘要】：隨著中國文化傳播戰(zhàn)略的調(diào)整,越來越多的漢語教師志愿者走出國門,進(jìn)行漢語教學(xué)與文化傳播活動(dòng),如何順利地度過跨文化適應(yīng)任期日益成為國家漢辦和志愿者個(gè)人關(guān)注的問題。由于各國漢語傳播項(xiàng)目開展時(shí)間和發(fā)展程度不同,因此對(duì)志愿者跨文化適應(yīng)的研究國別分配不均,多集中于派往人數(shù)較多的東南亞地區(qū),對(duì)志愿者跨文化適應(yīng)的定量研究較多,質(zhì)的研究較少。鑒于國家漢辦和澳大利亞維多利亞州漢語助教項(xiàng)目的獨(dú)特性,并結(jié)合以往研究的不足,我們決定對(duì)赴澳志愿者的跨文化適應(yīng)進(jìn)行質(zhì)的研究,探討赴澳志愿者跨文化適應(yīng)所遇困難、應(yīng)對(duì)策略、動(dòng)態(tài)過程,并最終對(duì)適應(yīng)過程進(jìn)行理論構(gòu)建,對(duì)赴澳志愿者的跨文化適應(yīng)提供借鑒,對(duì)志愿者赴任前期的跨文化培訓(xùn)提供建議。本研究采取質(zhì)的研究中個(gè)案研究、敘事探究的研究方法,通過觀察、訪談、日記、收集實(shí)物的方法收集原始材料,再現(xiàn)了赴澳志愿者跨文化適應(yīng)的動(dòng)態(tài)歷程,本文以"我"作為研究對(duì)象,并以對(duì)其余兩位赴澳志愿者的訪談為輔,逐漸將適應(yīng)問題聚焦在語言,人際交往,生活和工作四個(gè)方面。本文采取類屬和情境呈現(xiàn)的方式對(duì)研究結(jié)果進(jìn)行撰寫。在深度分析材料的基礎(chǔ)上,"我"對(duì)自身跨文化適應(yīng)歷程進(jìn)行了理論構(gòu)建。英語適應(yīng)呈上升趨勢,赴任初期"我"具有溝通焦慮,通過主觀努力和客觀環(huán)境的影響,英語聽說能力逐漸提高,能夠進(jìn)行積極主動(dòng)的交際。"我"在赴任前期壓力最大,對(duì)異文化一無所知。隨著時(shí)間的發(fā)展,由于中澳文化的不同,"我"對(duì)新的文化常伴有抵觸,排斥的心理,伴隨著適應(yīng)受挫,受主觀的努力和客觀大環(huán)境的影響,"我"對(duì)異文化采取融合心態(tài),這是順利完成任期的一種可行的跨文化適應(yīng)模式。當(dāng)志愿者原有觀念與當(dāng)?shù)匚幕瘍r(jià)值觀發(fā)生沖突時(shí),可持開放保留態(tài)度,暫緩對(duì)事件的評(píng)價(jià),嘗試?yán)斫猱愇幕⑵椒�(wěn)完成任期。本研究也為志愿者赴任前的培訓(xùn)提供建議。第一,完善志愿者選拔機(jī)制。第二,重視跨文化適應(yīng)的理論培訓(xùn),并結(jié)合典型案例。第三,重視跨文化適應(yīng)的技能訓(xùn)練。
[Abstract]:With the adjustment of the Chinese culture communication strategy, more and more Chinese teachers volunteer to walk out of the national gate to carry out the activities of Chinese teaching and culture, and how to smoothly spend the cross-cultural adaptation term is becoming a concern of the national and the volunteers. Because of the different time and development degree of the national communication project, the study of the cross-cultural adaptation of the volunteers is uneven, more concentrated in the Southeast Asia region, and the quantitative research on the cross-cultural adaptation of the volunteers is more and the qualitative research is less. In view of the uniqueness of the Chinese teaching assistant project in Victoria and Victoria, and in combination with the shortcomings of the previous research, we decided to study the cross-cultural adaptation of the volunteers to Australia, and to discuss the difficulties, strategies and dynamic processes of the cross-cultural adaptation to the volunteers in Australia. And finally, the theory construction is carried out on the adaptation process, and the cross-cultural adaptation of the volunteers to the Australia is provided for reference, and a proposal for the cross-cultural training of the volunteers in the early stage is provided. This study takes the "I" as the research object by observing, interviewing, diary and collecting the original material by observing, interviewing, diary and collecting the original material by observing, interviewing, diary and collecting the material. It also focuses on the four aspects of language, interpersonal communication, life and work. In this paper, the research results are written in the way of class and context presentation. On the basis of the depth analysis material, the "I" has theoretically constructed the cross-cultural adaptation process. English adaptation is on the rise, and at the beginning I "have communication and anxiety, through the influence of the subjective effort and the objective environment, the English listening and speaking ability is gradually improved, and the active communication can be carried out." The "I" is at the top of the pre-appointment pressure and has no knowledge of the different cultures. With the development of time, because of the difference of the Chinese and Australian culture, the "I" 's new culture is often accompanied by conflict and exclusion, with the influence of adapting to the setback, the subjective effort and the objective and the great environment, and the "I" adopts a fusion mentality to the different culture, This is a viable cross-cultural adaptation model for the successful completion of the term of office. When the original concept of the volunteer conflicts with the local cultural values, it may hold an open reservation attitude, suspend the evaluation of the event, try to understand the different culture and finish the term of the term smoothly. This study also provides advice on the training of volunteers prior to the appointment. First, perfect the volunteer selection mechanism. Secondly, attach importance to the theoretical training of cross-cultural adaptation and combine the typical cases. Third, attach importance to the skills training of cross-cultural adaptation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H195

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