【摘要】：衛(wèi)所制度是明清時(shí)期重要的軍政制度。作為明清時(shí)期重要的海防前線,浙江沿海一帶分布著很多衛(wèi)所,觀海衛(wèi)即為其中之一。它現(xiàn)名觀海衛(wèi)鎮(zhèn),是浙江省寧波市慈溪市的一個(gè)鎮(zhèn)。觀海衛(wèi)于明洪武十九年(1386)奏定建衛(wèi),翌年成為沿海軍事重鎮(zhèn)。其間曾調(diào)福建福寧衛(wèi)軍士戍守,這些駐軍所用的“燕話”又稱“衛(wèi)里話”或“城里話”,是當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋�(gè)閩南方言島,但是當(dāng)?shù)刂饕窖允菂钦Z�！把嘣挕痹谑褂萌丝�、使用頻率上并不占優(yōu)勢(shì),使用范圍也已變得日益狹隘。即使會(huì)講“燕話”的人對(duì)“燕話”的情感態(tài)度也很消極,“燕話”正面臨著瀕危的危險(xiǎn)。目前寧波明清衛(wèi)所駐地方言的社會(huì)語言學(xué)研究基本處于空白階段,本文從社會(huì)語言學(xué)角度,運(yùn)用問卷調(diào)查和個(gè)別訪談相結(jié)合的研究方法,考察觀海衛(wèi)的語言使用狀況和語言態(tài)度等,預(yù)測(cè)當(dāng)?shù)氐姆窖宰兓厔?shì),并通過對(duì)觀海衛(wèi)的歷史、地名、姓氏族譜、民俗等方面進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)梳理與實(shí)地調(diào)查,從而探尋明清衛(wèi)所駐地方言的歷史演變特征。本文總共七個(gè)部分。第一章導(dǎo)論介紹了與本選題相關(guān)的研究現(xiàn)狀以及觀海衛(wèi)的基本情況,并闡述了本選題的研究意義與研究方法;第二章是基于田野調(diào)查的觀海衛(wèi)語言生活狀況報(bào)告;第三章從觀海衛(wèi)方言看明清衛(wèi)所駐地方言的演變機(jī)制,并討論了作為瀕危方言性質(zhì)的“燕話”在語言資源方面的保護(hù)對(duì)策;第四章將與明清衛(wèi)所有關(guān)的觀海衛(wèi)鎮(zhèn)境內(nèi)的地名進(jìn)行了分類,從地名看明清衛(wèi)所的歷史痕跡;第五章對(duì)觀海衛(wèi)居民的姓氏進(jìn)行了文獻(xiàn)梳理與田野調(diào)查,從姓氏看觀海衛(wèi)駐軍的來源與構(gòu)成。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)觀海衛(wèi)的主要居民在明清衛(wèi)所駐軍前就已在該地繁衍生息,當(dāng)時(shí)駐軍的大批姓氏除了遷自福建福寧衛(wèi)(現(xiàn)霞浦縣),還遷自溫州樂清;第六章比較了觀海衛(wèi)與其屬地寧波府以及其來源地閩南地區(qū)的部分民俗,揭示嘉靖萬歷年間,觀海衛(wèi)居民的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣大部分已經(jīng)入鄉(xiāng)隨俗,衛(wèi)所軍事移民逐漸被當(dāng)?shù)赝?第七章為結(jié)語。本文的研究意義不但在于從社會(huì)語言學(xué)角度來觀照觀海衛(wèi)的方言屬性和演變的特征,為明清衛(wèi)所駐地方言的發(fā)展研究提供一個(gè)比較典型的樣本,同時(shí),也有助于呼吁和推動(dòng)對(duì)漢語瀕危方言的記錄、搶救和保護(hù)。
[Abstract]:The system of health station is an important military and political system in Ming and Qing dynasties. As an important front line of coastal defense in Ming and Qing dynasties, there are many guard stations along the coast of Zhejiang Province, and Guan Haiwei is one of them. It is now known as Guanhaowei Town, is a town in Cixi City, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Guan Haiwei played Jianwei in the 19th year of Ming Hongwu (1386) and became a coastal military town the following year. During this period, Funing Guard, Fujian Province, was assigned to guard the garrison. The "Yan dialect", also known as "Wei Li dialect" or "Chengli dialect", is a local Minnan dialect island, but the main local dialect is Wu dialect. Yan dialect is not dominant in population and frequency, and its scope of use has become narrower and narrower. Even those who can speak Yan dialect have a negative emotional attitude towards Yan dialect, which is facing the danger of endangerment. At present, the sociolinguistic research of Wei Institute dialects in Ningbo, Ming and Qing dynasties in Ningbo is basically in a blank stage. From the sociolinguistic point of view, this paper uses the research methods of questionnaire survey and individual interviews to investigate the language use and language attitude of Haiwei, to predict the changing trend of local dialects, and to sort out the literature and field investigation on the history, place names, surname genealogy and folklore of Guanhai Wei. In order to explore the historical evolution characteristics of Wei Su dialect in Ming and Qing dynasties. There are seven parts in this article. The first chapter introduces the research status related to this topic and the basic situation of watching Haiwei, and expounds the research significance and research methods of this topic; the second chapter is based on the field investigation of the report on the living conditions of the language of Guanhai Wei; the third chapter looks at the evolution mechanism of Weiwei dialect in Ming and Qing dynasties from the perspective of Guanhaiwei dialect, and discusses the protection countermeasures of language resources of Yan dialect, which is the nature of endangered dialects. The fourth chapter classifies the geographical names in Guanhai Wei Town related to the Ming and Qing dynasties, and looks at the historical traces of the Ming and Qing dynasties from the place names. The fifth chapter combs the literature and field investigation on the surnames of the residents of Guanhai Wei, and looks at the origin and composition of the garrison from the surnames. We found that the main residents of Guanhai Wei had flourished there before the Ming and Qing dynasties. At that time, a large number of surnames of the garrison moved not only from Funing Wei, Fujian (now Xiapu County), but also from Yueqing, Wenzhou. The sixth chapter compares the folk customs of Guanhai Wei with its dependent Ningbo government and its origin in southern Fujian, and reveals that most of the customs and habits of Guanhai Wei residents have gone according to the custom during the Jiajing Wanli period, and the military immigrants of Wei Institute have been gradually absorbed by the local people; the seventh chapter is the conclusion. The significance of this study is not only to observe the dialect attributes and evolution characteristics of Haiwei from the sociolinguistic point of view, and to provide a typical sample for the development of the dialects in Wei Institute in Ming and Qing dynasties, but also to call for and promote the recording, rescue and protection of endangered dialects of Chinese.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H177.2

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