發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-27 18:38

【摘要】：由于專書語法研究在語法史研究中有著重要作用,長期以來,專書語法研究著述頗豐,產(chǎn)生了豐富的研究成果。本文選擇先秦漢語專書詞類研究成果為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)其進(jìn)行梳理、綜述,希望對(duì)先秦漢語專書詞類研究的現(xiàn)狀有一個(gè)清楚的了解,為以后的研究提供便利。本文分為三個(gè)部分,第一部分為前言,介紹了論文的研究背景,對(duì)先秦漢語專書詞類研究的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要的介紹,說明本文的研究目的和研究方法。第二部分為論文的主體,分兩章分別對(duì)先秦漢語專書實(shí)詞、虛詞的研究成果進(jìn)行整理,第二章為實(shí)詞研究述評(píng),實(shí)詞包括動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞等,但由于時(shí)間有限,僅選取實(shí)詞中的三個(gè)小類——名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞,進(jìn)行述評(píng),對(duì)它們的的研究成果概述;第三章為虛詞研究述評(píng),分為四個(gè)部分:副詞、介詞、連詞、語氣詞,梳理各部分的研究現(xiàn)狀,并對(duì)每一部分進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。第三部分為結(jié)語,對(duì)全文進(jìn)行總結(jié),得出如下結(jié)論:(1)從成果數(shù)量看,研究成果豐富,從研究內(nèi)容上可分為整體研究、部分研究以及個(gè)體研究;虛詞研究成果多于實(shí)詞研究成果,實(shí)詞中,動(dòng)詞的研究成果最多,名詞、形容詞成果較少;虛詞中,副詞研究成果最多,有近百篇,其次為介詞、語氣詞,均為40多篇,連詞最少,只有20篇。(2)每類詞的研究成果呈顯出不平衡的狀態(tài),比如語氣詞,主要集中在《論語》的研究,從上世紀(jì)80年代至今,一直有相關(guān)成果出現(xiàn),涉及語氣詞的連用、復(fù)用,句法類型、功能等方面。介詞研究雖然有四十多篇,但集中在“以”、“於”的研究上,除了少數(shù)單獨(dú)以其他介詞為研究對(duì)象的,均會(huì)對(duì)其進(jìn)行論述。動(dòng)詞研究在實(shí)詞中相對(duì)較多,但是針對(duì)專書全體動(dòng)詞的研究則比較少。針對(duì)動(dòng)詞的一個(gè)小類的研究較多,研究動(dòng)詞配價(jià)情況的成果較多。(3)從涉及的語料來看,《論語》《詩經(jīng)》《左傳》《孟子》《莊子》是研究的熱點(diǎn),研究成果較多,其他專書則成果相對(duì)少。(4)先秦漢語專書詞類研究存在著不足,研究呈現(xiàn)不均衡的局面,虛詞的成果數(shù)量多于實(shí)詞,動(dòng)詞、副詞研究較多,名詞、形容詞、連詞較少;研究中描寫較多,深入研究不多,因此,需要進(jìn)一步的深入挖掘;研究方法上,現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)的理論和方法雖有運(yùn)用,但是明顯不足。因此,先秦漢語專書詞類研究仍然存在進(jìn)一步研究的價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Due to the important role of the study of grammar in the history of grammar, the study of grammar in specialized books has produced a lot of research results for a long time. This paper chooses the research results of the pre-Qin Chinese special book as the research object, combs and summarizes it, hoping to have a clear understanding of the present situation of the pre-Qin Chinese special book research, and to provide convenience for the future research. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the preface. It introduces the research background of the thesis, briefly introduces the present situation of the research on the part of speech of the pre-Qin Chinese special book, and explains the purpose and research method of this paper. The second part is the main body of the thesis, which is divided into two chapters to sort out the research results of the special book notional words and function words in pre-Qin Chinese. The second chapter is a review of the research on notional words, which includes verbs, nouns, adjectives, pronouns, numerals and so on. However, due to the limited time, only three subcategories of notional words, nouns, verbs, adjectives, are selected for review, and their research results are summarized. The third chapter is a review of the study of functional words, which is divided into four parts: adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, mood words, combing the research status of each part, and summarized each part. The third part is the conclusion. The conclusion is as follows: (1) in terms of the quantity of the results, the research results can be divided into the whole research, part of the research and individual research; The research results of function words are more than that of notional words. Among the notional words, verbs are the most, nouns and adjectives are less. Among the functional words, adverbs are the most widely studied, with nearly 100 articles, followed by prepositions, mood words, more than 40 articles, and the least conjunctions, only 20. (2) the research results of each kind of words show an unbalanced state, such as mood words. It mainly focuses on the study of Analects of Confucius. From the 1980s to now, there have been some related achievements, including the conjunction of modal words, reuse, syntactic types, functions and so on. Although there are more than 40 studies on prepositions, they focus on the study of "Yi" and "Yu", which are discussed only by a few other prepositions. The study of verbs is relatively more in notional words, but the study of all verbs in special books is less. There are more researches on a subcategory of verbs, and more results on the valency of verbs. (3) from the data involved, the Book of songs > < Zuo Zhuan > < Mencius > < Zhuang Zi > is a hot topic of study, and there are many research results. Other special books are relatively few achievements. (4) there are some deficiencies in the study of parts of speech in pre-Qin Chinese special books. The study presents an unbalanced situation. The number of functional words is more than that of notional words, the number of verbs and adverbs is more, nouns, adjectives and conjunctions are less; There are many descriptions in the research, but not many in-depth studies, so it is necessary to dig further. In the research methods, the theories and methods of modern linguistics have been applied, but they are obviously insufficient. Therefore, the pre-Qin Chinese special book study of parts of speech still has the value of further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：H141

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