【摘要】：安慰言語行為是日常交際活動中經常要運用的一種重要的言語行為。但是,目前雖然有很多學者詳細地研究了許多言語行為,比如抱怨、諷刺、請求、致謝、拒絕、稱贊、邀請、威脅、道歉……,卻很少看到關于安慰言語行為的研究,而關于漢英安慰言語行為對比的研究則更少。隨著中國與西方國家之間交流日益頻繁,西方國家學習漢語的人越來越多,研究在日常交流中必不可少的安慰語言行為及其中西異同非常必要。因為中西方語言和文化都有差異,我們只有了解了中西方安慰語言行為的相似和差異之處,才能在跨文化交際中更好地進行交流,也才能幫助語言學習者更得體地運用安慰語,減少語用失誤。本文一共分為五章。第一章是引言部分,簡單闡述了提出這個研究課題的緣由,本文的研究對象、研究現(xiàn)狀以及研究的方法。第二章對漢英安慰言語行為在語言風格方面的差異進行了對比分析,并嘗試從文化、思維、觀念等方面解釋這些差異產生的原因。第三章對漢英安慰言語行為在修辭格使用方面的差異進行對比分析,并嘗試從語言中的文化積淀和漢英語言的語篇結構形式這兩個方面解釋這些差異產生的原因。第四章根據(jù)研究的結果,提出對對外漢語教學教材編寫和課堂教學的建議。第五章是結語部分,對本論文的研究成果進行了總結,并提出了本文研究的局限性和對未來研究的展望。本文根據(jù)會話完成式調查問卷所收集到的語料,對漢語母語者和英語母語者在實施安慰這一言語行為時的語言風格和使用修辭方式的差異進行對比,并嘗試分析差異產生的原因。結果得出,由于語言文化背景、思維方式、傳統(tǒng)觀念等原因影響,漢語安慰語呈現(xiàn)含蓄、藻麗、繁豐的語言風格特點,并且在實施安慰這一言語行為的過程中會較為頻繁地使用引用、比喻、夸張等修辭格。英語安慰語則呈現(xiàn)出直白、簡潔、平實的風格特點,在實施安慰這一言語行為時會較少地使用引用、比喻、夸張等修辭格。而本人從整個研究過程以及研究結果中受到啟發(fā),對對外漢語教學的教材編寫和課堂教學提出了一些建議,比如教材編寫中要適當?shù)伢w現(xiàn)安慰這一語言項目功能,還應當適當?shù)伢w現(xiàn)安慰語中常用的修辭格。另外,在課堂上進行安慰語教學時要注重漢英語言風格的比較教學、以學生為中心以及注重文化教學等。本文的創(chuàng)新點在于提出了從語言風格和修辭格等語用角度來分析安慰言語行為這一項目功能,同時將漢英安慰言語行為從這兩個方面進行比較分析,得出差異,最后把研究成果與對外漢語教學相聯(lián)系,指導對外漢語教學。
[Abstract]:The speech act of comfort is an important speech act which is often used in daily communication activities. However, although many scholars have studied many speech acts in detail, such as complaint, satire, request, thanks, refusal, compliment, invitation, threat, apology. However, there are few researches on the contrast of Chinese and English consolation speech acts. With the increasing communication between China and western countries, there are more and more people learning Chinese in western countries. It is necessary to study the comforting language behavior and its similarities and differences between China and the West. Because there are differences between Chinese and western languages and cultures, only when we understand the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western comforting language behaviors, can we better communicate in cross-cultural communication and help language learners to use comfort language more appropriately. Reduce pragmatic failure. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction part, briefly describes the reason of this research topic, the research object, the research status and the research method. The second chapter makes a comparative analysis of the differences between Chinese and English comfort speech acts in terms of language style and tries to explain the causes of these differences from the aspects of culture, thinking and ideas. The third chapter makes a contrastive analysis of the differences in the use of rhetorical devices between Chinese and English comfort speech acts, and attempts to explain the causes of these differences in terms of cultural accumulation in language and discourse structure in both Chinese and English languages. According to the results of the research, the fourth chapter puts forward some suggestions on the compilation of teaching materials and classroom teaching of Chinese as a foreign language. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the research results of this paper, and puts forward the limitations of this study and prospects for future research. Based on the data collected from the conversational perfect questionnaire, this paper compares the differences in language style and rhetorical use between native speakers of Chinese and native speakers of English in the implementation of the speech act of consolation. And try to analyze the cause of the difference. The results show that due to the influence of linguistic and cultural background, mode of thinking and traditional ideas, Chinese comfort language presents the characteristics of implicit, elegant and abundant language style. In the process of the speech act of consolation, the rhetorical devices such as citation, metaphor and exaggeration will be used frequently. On the other hand, English consolation has the characteristics of directness, conciseness and plain style, and the rhetorical devices such as citation, metaphor and exaggeration are seldom used in the implementation of the speech act of consolation. I am inspired by the whole research process and the results of the study, and put forward some suggestions for teaching Chinese as a foreign language teaching textbook compilation and classroom teaching, for example, the language project of comfort should be properly reflected in the compilation of teaching materials. The rhetorical devices commonly used in consolation should also be properly reflected. In addition, we should pay attention to the comparative teaching of Chinese and English language style, student-centered and cultural teaching. The innovation of this thesis lies in the analysis of the function of the speech act of comfort from the perspective of language style and rhetorical devices. At the same time, the author makes a comparative analysis of the speech act of comfort in Chinese and English from these two aspects, and draws the difference. Finally, the research results are related to the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language to guide the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：H195.3

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